John Rogers Hiller

Characterintroduction

JohnRogersSearle(bornJuly31,1932inDenver,USA),professorofphilosophy.

Hemainlystudiesthe"purposiveness"oflanguage.Hedisagreeswiththeterm"strongartificialintelligence",andbelievesthatperceptionappearsintheentirephysicalcharacteristicsofacreature.Humanconsciousnesshasapurpose,whilecomputershavenopurpose,socomputershavenoconsciousness.

Hediscoveredthecharacteristicsofapurposephenomenonandcalledit"suitabledirection".Forexample,whensomeoneseesaflower,hisstateofconsciousnessissuitableforthestateoftheoutsideworld.Theappropriatedirectionforthisprocessisfromconsciousnesstotheworld.Butifhereachesouttopickthisflower,thenhewilladaptthestateoftheexternalworldtohisstateofconsciousness.Therefore,theappropriatedirectionatthistimeisfromtheworldtoconsciousness.Healsoproposedatechnicalconceptcalled"background".Thisconcepthascausedsomephilosophicaldiscussions.Inshort,the"background"isthesurroundingenvironmentofapurposefulaction,whichincludestheactor'sknowledgeoftheworldandothers'understandingandknowledgeofhispurpose.

FivePoints

Hetheoreticallyprovedthecollectivepurposeofasocialenvironment.Putforwardfivearguments:

1.Collectivepurposeactivitiesexist,andtheyarenotthesameasthesumofnon-personalpurposeactivities.

2.Collectivepurposescannotbereducedtopersonalpurposes.

3.Theabovetwoargumentshavetwolimitations:

A.Asocietyisonlycomposedofindividuals,andasocietyhasnoindependentgroupawarenessorgroupawareness;

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B.Thepurposeofanindividualorgrouphasnothingtodowiththeauthenticityofpersonalbeliefs.

Inordertosatisfythesearguments,heinventedawayofdescribingcollectivepurposetoconnectcollectivepurposeandindividualpurpose,whileatthesametimedistinguishingthetwo.Theresultisthatindividualpurposecanconstitutecollectivepurpose.Toconstituteacollectivepurpose,onemustknowthatotherscanparticipateinhispurpose.Therefore:

4.Thepremiseofcollectivepurposeistounderstandthebackgroundofothersasmembersofsociety:otherscanparticipateinthecollectivesports.

Combiningtheseargumentstogetherweobtain:

5.Thetheoryofpurposeandtheabovebackgroundcanexplainthepurposeofcollective.

Heapplieshisanalysisofpurposetothestructureofsociety.Hisinterestliesinhowcertainaspectsofourworldbecomethecommonpurposeofusingtheseaspects.Forexample,afive-yuanbanknoteonlybecomesafive-yuanbanknotebasedonitscollectivepurpose[lackofthiscollectivepurpose,forexample,inanothercountry(region),thisbanknoteisjustapieceofpaperwithpatterns].Onlybecauseeveryoneinthesocietythinksitisworthfiveyuancanitfulfillitstraderole.Thishasnothingtodowithwhetherthegovernmentsupportsitsvalue(ifeveryonedoesnottrustitsvalue,thenevenifthegovernmentforcesit,itwillstillnotgetitsvalue,whichiswhythereisablackmarketprice).Thiskindofsocialstructurefillsourlives.Thelanguageweuse,ourownershipofourprivateproperty,andourrelationshipswithotherpeopleareallbasedonthispurpose.

Hisresearchresultsonsocialstructureareverydifferentfromotherargumentsthatdonotagreewithsuchfactsthathavenothingtodowithconsciousness.Hebelievesthatwhatwecalltruthisasocialstructure.

Sexualassaultincident

OnMarch21,2017,JoannaOng,a24-year-oldChinesefemaleassistant,accusedHillerofsexualharassmentandbroughtHillerandtheUniversityofCaliforniaboardofdirectorstocourt.Askforcompensationforsexualharassmentandsexualassault.

OngbecameHiller’sassistantinJuly2016.Afteraweekofwork,everythingchangedforHiller.Hebegantoflirtwiththefemaleassistantandevenmovehisfeet.HillerrepeatedlyassuredOngthathewouldbeabletomeetallherneedsinlife,aslongasshemaintaineda"fulltrust"relationship.

OngoncediscussedAmericanimperialismwithHiller,butHillersaid:Americanimperialism?Itsoundsgreat,let’sgotobedandpracticeitnow(Americanimperialism?Ohboy,thatsoundsgreat,honey!Let’sgotobedanddothatrightnow!).

Ong’sprosecutionhasplungedtheinternationalphilosophicalcommunityintoasexscandal.

AccordingtoareportbytheAmericanmediaBuzzFeedonMarch24,Hillerhasstoppedhisundergraduatephilosophycoursethismonth,butretainshishonorarytitle.

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