Увод
Software-definedstorage(SDS)isadatastoragemethod.Allstorage-relatedcontrolworkisonlyintheexternalsoftwarerelativetothephysicalstoragehardware.Thissoftwareisnotusedasfirmwareinastoragedevice,butonaserveroraspartofanoperatingsystem(OS)orhypervisor.
Software-definedstorageisamajorindustrydevelopmenttrend.Thisindustryalsoincludessoftware-definednetworking(SDN)andsoftware-defineddatacenters(SDDC).SimilartotheSDNsituation,software-definedstoragecanensurethatsystemstorageaccesscanbemanagedmoreflexiblyatanaccuratelevel.Software-definedstorageisabstractedfromhardwarestorage,whichalsomeansthatitcanbecomeasharedpoolthatisnotrestrictedbythephysicalsysteminordertomakethemostefficientuseofresources.Itcanalsobedeployedandprovisionedthroughsoftwareandmanagement,oritcanbefurthersimplifiedthroughpolicy-basedautomatedmanagement.
Потешкоће
Употреба софтверски дефинисаног складиштења за дуготрајно складиштење је пуна ризика, као што су проблеми са подацима, кварови на хард диску, мрежни напади, људске грешке и природне катастрофе.
Atthesametime,theincreasingdemandfordataaccessibility,synergy,andbigdataanalysismakestheproblemnotonlyatthestoragetimelimitlevel,butalsoconsideringitsavailability.
Manyenterprisedatacentersareundergoingatransformationfromtraditionalarchitecturetocloudarchitecture.Intheprocessoftransformation,storageisoftenthemostimportantanddifficultpart.Usersneedtousesoftwaredefinitionstounlockvendorlocks,eliminateproprietaryplatforms,andreduceincreasingcomplexity,soastoconvertphysicalstoragedevicesintostorageresourcesforcloudcomputing.Atthesametime,howtorealizetheunifiedmanagementofstorageandthefreeflowofdatabetweentheenterprise'sself-builtdatacenter,outsourcingdatacenteranddifferentcloudserviceprovidersisalsoamajorchallengeintheimplementationofcloudcomputing.
Предности
Software-definedstorageallowscustomerstointegratestorageservicesintothesoftwarelayeroftheserver.Software-definedstorageextractssoftwarefromtheoriginalstoragecontroller,allowingtheirfunctionstobefurtherdevelopedandnotlimitedtoasingledevice.Comparedwithsoftware-definedstoragethatlimitsdatadeduplicationorthinprovisioningtoasingleharddrive,comparedtoextendingittotheentirestorageplatformlevel,theformerisreallymeaningless.Atthispoint,thepractitionersofsoftware-definedstoragehavenotdraggedeveryonedown.
Oneofthegreatbenefitsofsoftware-definedstorageistostripthesoftwarefunctionfromthearraycontrollersothatitcanbeusedtomanageallthestorageinthedatacenter.
Buttherearestillmanywaystoobtainsoftware-definedstorage.Amongthem,thesoftware-definedstoragedevicemodelthathasreceivedwidespreadattentionrecentlyhasbeenfrequentlyexposed.Anotheradvantageofsoftware-definedstoragedevicesisthatmigrationiseasier.Unlikeothersoftware-definedstorageconfigurations,software-definedstoragedevicesdonotrequiredatatobecopiedtoeachnode,thatis,itdoesnotrequireadditionalstoragespace.Dataisonlystoredinonelocation,andthereisnoneedtocopytheapplicationfromonelocationtoanother.
Butsoftware-defineddevicesareusuallyproprietary,whichiswhatmanyITexpertshopetoavoidintheadoptionofstoragetechnology.
Скривени трошкови
However,theindustryrarelymentionsthepotentialhiddencostsrelatedtoSDS.ThehardwaremixingandmatchingthatSDSmaybringwillreversethecostorriskofintegratingsoftwareandhardwaretoendusers.WhenchoosingSDSproducts,itiscriticaltoevaluatewhetherthemanufacturercanprovidethebenefitsofSDS.Timesandtechnologyhavechangedtosomeextent,andsomepeoplesaythatthedrivestandardhasbeenimproved.ButIthinkthatnewhardwaretechnologies,suchassolid-statestorage,areevolvingeveryday.Ifweextendtheabstractionabilityofstoragesoftwaretothemaximum,itshouldbeabletocoordinateanyhardware.IfthisistheidealstateofSDSdeployment,thenthepossibletechnologycombinationsinasystemwillbeunlimited.Underthisassumption,theresponsibilityandcostofverifyingandintegratingnewhardwaretechnologieswillallbeattributedtoIT.
Тхреецхоицес
Thefirstchoiceforsoftware-definedstorageistointegratewiththehypervisororexistaspartofitsstack.VMwarehascurrentlydevelopedVirtualSAN,andthecompany'sso-calledsoftware-definedstoragelayerexistsaspartofitssoftwarestack.Hyper-Vhasso-calledclusterstoragespaceandisdirectlyintegratedintoMicrosoft'sHyper-Vstack.
Thesecondsoftware-definedstoragearchitectureincludesthird-party,hypervisor-independentproducts.TheycanworkwithVMware,Hyper-V,KVM,orCitrixproducts.Somesoftwareproductshavecompletefunctions.Itevensurpassesleadingmanufacturersinsomerespects,suchasMaxta,StarwindSoftware,andStoreMagic.Theyprovidethesamefunctionality,butarenotdedicatedtoaparticularhypervisor.Thestoragewarehousestheycreatecanbesharedamongmultipledifferenthypervisors.
Thethirdtypeisvirtualstorage,whichhasbeenaroundforalongtime.ThistypeincludesIBMSpectrumVirtualizeandDataCoreSANsymphonyproducts,whichvirtualizeallhardwareresourcesandabstractthemintoasoftwarelayertoallocateresourcesmoreefficiently.Whenanapplicationloadneedstoconfigurestoragewithaspecificdataprotectionmechanism,youonlyneedtoselecttheconfigurationfromthemanagementinterface,anditwillbeautomaticallyallocatedwiththestorage.
Концепт софтверски дефинисаног складиштења је огроман. Тренутно су многи облици производа за складиштење у пољу за складиштење, као што је виртуелизација складиштења, серверСАН и хиперконвергентна архитектура (ХЦИ) сви део СДС-а.
1.ЦонтролПлане (контролна равнина)
На нивоу СДСЦонтролПлане-а, познатији су:
1)VMwareSPBM(StoragePolicyBase)Management,managementbasedonstoragestrategy);2)OpenStackCinder,CinderisacomponentoftheOpenStackcloudplatformtoprovideblockstorageservices;CindercanaccessmostSANstorageproductsintheindustrythroughaunifiedstoragesoftwareinterface.3)AtypeofstoragemanagementsoftwarerepresentedbyEMCViPR.Thegoalistorealizetheunifiedmanagementofstorageproductsofasinglestoragebrandormultiplestoragebrands,andthepoolingandintegrationofstorageresourcessuchasheterogeneousstoragespace.
2.ДатаПлане
AttheSDSDataPlanelayer,therearemultiplestorageformsinvolved.
1)БаседонЦоммодитиХардвер(баседонцоммерциалхардвер),овај део садржи две главне категорије:
ХиперЦонвергедАрцхитецтуре (ХЦИ), требало би да будеСерверСАН, познатији подскупови су: ВМвареВСАНорЕВО:РАИЛ,ЕМЦСцалеИО,Нутаник,Макта, итд.
Архитектура која није хиперконвергентна, то јест, независни дистрибуирани систем за складиштење података, познатији су ДЕЛЛФлуидЦацхе, ХПСторВиртуал, РедХатИнктанкЦепх, ИнспурАС13000, итд.
ТрадиционалниСАН/НАС (ЕктерналСтораге), укључујући САНстораге или НАСстораге
Throughacquisitionorself-development,theSDSabstraction(decoupling),pooling,andautomationphasesaregraduallyrealizedTypicalexamplesincludeHPdecouplingLeftHandfromtheoriginalhardwaretoformtheVSAversionofStorVirtual;NetApplaunchedtheVSAversionofONTAPEdgeVSAofDataONTAP;IBMlaunchedtheXIVsoftwareversionofSpectrumAccelerate;DataCoreSANsymphony;EMClaunchedthevirtualizedversionofVNXvVNXWait.
Цлоуд/ОбјецтСтораге
UseRESTfulAPIandotherinterfacestoinputandoutputdatawithobjectstorage.TherearecurrentlythreeRESTfulAPIs:AmazonS3,SNIACDMIandOpenStackSWIFT.Themorefamousonesare:EMCAtmos,InspurAS13000andsoon.
Цонструцтионпринциплес
Software-definedstorage(SDS)technologymayprovideameanstomakestoragemoreflexibleandagile,sovirtualstoragevolumescanbecreatedontheflyandworkwitheaseLoadsareassociatedandmovedorconvertedtogetherwithvirtualmachinesbetweenservers.Inaddition,SDSenablesyoutoassociatevalue-addedserviceswithvirtualstoragevolumes(tonameafew,theseservicesmayincludemirroring,replication,thinprovisioning,anddeduplication/compression),sothatstorageapplicationsareastailor-madeTheneedsoftheworkload.Inaddition,agoodSDStechnologyshouldprovidepathmanagementandinterconnectionloadbalancingtomakebetteruseofphysicalstoragedevicesandserversthateitherhostphysicalworkloadsorvirtualizedclients(orboth)Networkandstructuralconnectionsbetween.
Гол
Thegoalofsoftware-definedstorage(SDS)istoseparatestorageapplicationsfromthephysicaldatastorageinfrastructure.Intheory,thiswillachieve"flexible"allocation,reallocation,andnon-allocationofstorageresources.Inotherwords,SDSprovidesawaytoseparatestorageservicesfromstoragepackages.Evenifthebasichardwareandinterconnectionarechanged,itcanstillprovidevolumecontinuity.
Thiscapabilityisespeciallysuitableforapplicationsthatareextractedfromserverhardwareor"virtualized"andcanbemovedbetweenservers,networks,orstoragestacks.
ByusingSDS,forphysicalresources,thestoragevolumepresentedtoavirtualizedworkloadoraclientisitselfanabstractionlayer,ratherthanaphysicalconnection.ThisSDSvolumecanbemovedbetweenhoststogetherwiththeworkload,providinganewpathwiththesameonlinestorageresourcesthroughtheSDSservice.Therefore,itisnotnecessarytocopythedataofeverypossiblehost.