Salientfeatures
ThekeyfeaturesoftheGestaltsystemareintegrity,specificity,organizationandconstancy.
TheGestaltschoolmaintainsthattheoperatingprincipleofthehumanbrainisthewhole,"thewholeisdifferentfromthesumofitsparts."Forexample,ourperceptionofaflowerisnotpurelybasedonsensoryinformationsuchastheshape,color,andsizeoftheflower.Italsoincludesourpastexperienceandimpressionsoftheflower.Together,itisourperceptionofaflower..
Integritas
Theemergenceargumentcanbefoundintheperceptionofthe"dogpicture",whichshowsaDalmatiansniffingonthegroundundertheshadeofatree.Thecognitionofadogisnottofirstdetermineitsparts(foot,ears,nose,tail,etc.)andinferthatitisadogfromthesecomponents,buttoimmediatelyrecognizethedogasawhole.
Reification
Reificationisthe"constructive"or"generating"aspectofperception.Thisperceptualexperience,comparedtothesensorystimulationonwhichitisbased,includesMoreexternalspatialinformation.Forexample,figureAcanbeperceivedasatriangle,eventhoughnotriangleisactuallydrawn.ThefigureCcanberegardedasathree-dimensionalfigure,butinfactthereisnothree-dimensionalfiguredrawn.
Organization
"Organization" (Multistability "multistableperception") estatrendoffuzzyperceptionem experientiae, quae in duobus vel indissolubilibus in interpretationibus incomprehensibilis est. Forexample "KerCube" et "RubinDiagram/VaseIllusion".
Perseverantia
Invariance (Invariance) Perceptually cognoscuntur simpligeometrica, formans independentiam, translationem, amplitudinem et alterationem (qualis deformatio est, differentia lucis et diversarum functionum. "invariantia" et "inseparabilia moduli seorsim conformantur", quae machinationes variae adunari possunt.
Origines
Early20thcenturytheorists, suchasKaufka, Witmer, and Koehler
Theoreticalframeworkandmethodology
Sequuntur principia speculativa.
GeneralprinciplesPsychophysicsIsotypesPrinciples
Methodologica principia:
Phenomenaexperimentanalysisandlifeexperiment-GestaltSchool
Lawofimplication
Lawofclosure
ThemostbasicruleofGestaltschoolisLawofimplication(prägnanz),
LawofClosureLawofClosureLawofSimilarityLawofSimilarity
LawofProximityLawofProximityLawofSymmetryLawofContinuityLawofContinuity
vide
structuralinformationtheoryWolfgangMetzger
KurtGoldstein
SolomonAsch
FritzPerls
Gestalttherapy
JamesTenney
GrazSchool
Gestaltpsychologyimportantpublication
p>Opticalillusion