Programovací jazyk

Úvod

Computerprogramminglanguages​​canrealizecommunicationandcommunicationbetweenhumansandmachines,andcomputerprogramminglanguages​​mainlyincludeassemblylanguage,machinelanguageandhigh-levellanguages.Thespecificcontentisasfollows:p>

Jazyk shromáždění

ThislanguageismainlywrittenwiththeabbreviationEnglishasthelabel,andthosewritteninassemblylanguagearegenerallyrelativelysimplesmallprograms.Itismoreconvenientinexecution,butassemblylanguageismoreverboseintermsofprogram,soithasahighererrorrate.

Strojový jazyk

Thislanguagemainlyusesbinarycodetosendinstructions,whichcanbequicklyrecognizedbythecomputer,anditsflexibilityisrelativelyhigh.Andtheexecutionspeedisconsiderable,andthesimilaritybetweenmachinelanguageandassemblylanguageisrelativelyhigh,butduetoitslimitations,therearecertainconstraintsinuse.

Jazyk na vysoké úrovni

Theso-calledhigh-levellanguageisactuallyageneraltermafterthecombinationofmultipleprogramminglanguages.ItcanintegratemultipleinstructionsandcombineItbecomesasingleinstructiontocompletethedelivery.Ithasbeenappropriatelysimplifiedintermsofoperationdetailsandintermediateprocedures.Therefore,theentireprogramissimplerandhasstrongoperability.ThesimplificationofthiscodingmethodmakesthecomputerProgrammingrequirementsfortheprofessionallevelofrelevantstaffarecontinuouslyrelaxed.

Historie vývoje

Thefirstcomputerwasinventedinthe1940s.Atthattime,thevariouscontrolsofthecomputerweremainlyrealizedbymanualoperation,butintermsofconvenienceThereareseriousshortcomingsinthisregard.Afteryearsofdevelopment,relevantpersonnelhaveputforwardtheideaof​​usingaprogramminglanguagetocontrolthecomputer.Althoughtheprogrammingmodelatthattimewasnotperfect,ithasproducedahugeboosttothedevelopmentofcomputerprogramminglanguages.Thecomputerprogramminglanguagewasgraduallyperfectedinthehalfcenturyafterthis.Withthedevelopmentofsociety,technicalrequirementsinvariousfieldscontinuetoincrease,whichmakesthedevelopmentofcomputerprogrammingmoreandmorecomplexanddiversified.Inthiscase,somevisualandintegratedlanguageenvironmentshavegraduallybeguntoemerge.Onlyasimplekeystrokeisrequiredtocompleteapieceofcode,whichgreatlyreducesthecapitalcostandtimecostofcomputerprogramming.Coupledwiththeemergenceofsomehigh-levellanguages,suchasPascal,Fortran,andClanguage,computermanipulationnolongerrequiresalotofcapitalandlabor.Untilthe1990s,thefieldofcomputerprogrammingdevelopedrapidly,andsomeobject-orientedlanguages​​weregraduallyborn.Jazyk na vysoké úrovnis​​suchasJáva,etc.,makecomputerprogramsgraduallydevelopfromtheoriginalcommunicationandcalculationtothedirectionofvideoanalysis,imagetransmission,intelligentsimulation,andknowledgeprocessing.Inotherwords,datacollection,analysis,andmanagementarerealizedthroughcomputernetworktechnologyoperate.Withthecontinuousdevelopmentofmoderncivilization,computerprogramminglanguages​​havebeenabletomeettheinformatizationneedsofvariousfields.

Zažijte éru a reprezentativní jazyky

Programminglanguages​​aregenerallydividedinto:low-levellanguages,high-levellanguages,andobject-orientederas.

Jazyky na úrovni toku

Jazyky na úrovni toku​​(1946-1953)mainlyincludesthemachinelanguageandassemblylanguageknownasthe"BookofHeaven".

Computerworkisbasedonbinary.Fundamentally,thecomputercanonlyrecognizeandacceptinstructionscomposedof0and1.Thesetoftheseinstructionsisthemachinelanguageofthecomputer.Thedisadvantagesofmachinelanguageinclude:difficulttolearn,difficulttowrite,difficulttoremember,difficulttocheck,difficulttomodify,anddifficulttopromoteanduse.Therefore,onlyaverysmallnumberofcomputerprofessionalscanwritecomputerprogramsintheearlydays.

Jazyk shromážděníisdifficulttounderstandinmachinelanguage,Moqilaiandothersbegantothinkofusingmnemonicstoreplace0,1codes,soassemblylanguageappeared.

Doba jazyků na vysoké úrovni

Doba jazyků na vysoké úrovni​​(1954-present)-Withtheemergenceoftheworld'sfirsthigh-levellanguagefortran,newprogramminglanguages​​begantoemerge.Overthepastfewdecades,morethan2500high-levellanguages​​haveemergedallovertheworld.Somehavebecomepopulartoday,whilesomehavegraduallydisappeared.

První jazyk úrovně stehna — Fortran

Inordertoovercometheshortcomingsoflow-levellanguages,itwascreatedbyJohnBackusinthe1950sThefirstcomputerhigh-levellanguage-FORTRANlanguagewasreleased.Itisveryclosetothenaturallanguageandmathematicallanguagethatpeopleareaccustomedtousing.Theoperatorsandoperationexpressionsusedintheprogramareeasytounderstandandeasytouse.AndFORTRANplaysanimportantroleinthefieldsofnumerical,scientificandengineeringcalculationswithitsuniquefunctions.

První strukturovaný programovací jazyk — ALGOL

Thisisthefirstbatchofclearlydefinedhigh-levellanguages​​inthehistoryofcomputerdevelopment.Thejointconferenceformedbythejointforcewasdevelopedinthe1950swhentransistorcomputerswerestillpopular.TheInternationalComputerSociety(ACM)listedtheALGOLmodelasastandardforalgorithmdescription,andinspiredtheemergenceofALGOL-likemodernlanguages​​suchasPascal,Ada,andClanguages.

Nejjednodušší jazyk - ZÁKLADNÍ

In1964,theBASIClanguagewasofficiallyreleased.ItwasjointlydevelopedbythedeanofDartmouthCollege,theHungarianJohnG.Kemeny,andthemathematicsteacherThomasE.Kurtz.Thelanguagehasonly26variablenames,17statements,12functionsand3commands.Thislanguageiscalled"Beginner'sgeneralsymbolinstructioncode.

Animportantmilestoneintheprogramminglanguage-Pascal

ThisisbasedontheALGOLprogramminglanguage,NamedinmemoryofBlaisePascal,aFrenchmathematician,philosopher,andcomputerpioneer.ItwasdesignedandfoundedbyProfessorNiklausWirthofSwitzerlandinthelate1960s.Pascalisthefirststructurewithrigorousgrammarandclearhierarchy.Programminglanguageiscalled"animportantmilestoneinprogramminglanguage".

Thestartingpointofmodernprogramminglanguagerevolution-Clanguage

ClanguageTheancestoristheBCPL(BasicCombinedProgrammingLanguage)language.In1970,KenThompsonofBellLaboratoriesintheUnitedStatesdesignedtheBlanguageonthebasisoftheBCPLlanguage.Thenfrom1972to1973,DennisM.RitchiedesignedtheClanguageonthebasisofKenThompson.

Objektově orientovaná éra

Objektově orientovaná éra (počátek 90. ​​let – současnost) – objektově orientované programování (objektově orientované programování, zkratka OOP) je nyní velmi důležité v celém návrhu programu a jeho nejvýraznějšími vlastnostmi jsou zapouzdření, dědičnost a polymorfismus.

Jáva

Jávaisahigh-levelprogramminglanguagelaunchedbySunMicrosystemin1995.Enteringthe21stcentury,Jávaenterprise-levelapplicationshavedevelopedrapidly,andaremainlyusedintheconstructionofinformationplatformsintelecommunications,finance,transportationandotherindustries.JávaisauniversallyapplicableThesoftwareplatformhasmainfeaturessuchaseasytolearnanduse,platformindependence,portability,multithreading,robustness,dynamics,andsecurity.

Krajta

nearInthepastfewyears,theKrajtalanguagehasbeenrisingrapidly,mainlyduetothedevelopmentofbigdataandartificialintelligence.WiththeadvancementoftheindustrialInternet,thefuturedevelopmentspaceoftheKrajtalanguagewillbefurtherexpanded.Krajtaisahigh-levelscriptinglanguageItiscurrentlyusedinthefieldsofWebandInternetdevelopment,scientificcomputingandstatistics,education,softwaredevelopment,andback-enddevelopment,andhastheadvantagesofeasylearning,fastrunning,portability,scalability,andembedding.

Princip výběru

(1)Comprehensivelyconsiderthehardwareenvironmentinwhichthesoftwareisrunning.Ifitisinthehardwareenvironment.Theupdateefficiencyisrelativelyhigh.Oncethehardwareenvironmentchangestoacertainextent,thecomputerwillbeprogrammedThebudgetcannotquicklymeetthehardwareenvironment.Thismakestheprogramprogramminghaveacertainimpact.Therefore,programmersneedtoThesoftwareadjuststhecontenttoconsidercomprehensively.Andpayattentiontoappropriatelyreducingthedifficultyofsoftwareadjustment.

(2)Comprehensivelyconsiderthesupportabilityoftheplatform.Intheprocessofdevelopingprogramprogramming,weshouldconsidertheimpactoftheapplicationplatformontheprogramminglanguage,andimplementscientificadjustmentstotheapplicationplatformbasedonthecharacteristicsoftheprogramminglanguage,soastoimprovetheworklevelandgivefullplaytotheroleoftheprogramminglanguage.

(3)Thinkabouttheactualproblemsofprogramprogramming.Intheprocessofprogramprogramming,whenconsideringtheabovetwoquestionscomprehensively.Itisalsonecessarytocomprehensivelythinkabouttheactualsituationofprogramming.Therefore,intheprocessofselectingacomputerprogramminglanguage,programmersarerequiredtohaveanunderstandingofthecharacteristicsoftheprogramminglanguage.Programmersareintheprocessofdevelopingspecificsoftware.Amoreprofessionalcomputerprogramminglanguageshouldbeused.Professionalprogramminglanguages​​caneffectivelyimprovethestandardizationofsoftwaredevelopment.

Výběrové dovednosti

Inthedevelopmentofcomputersoftware,themostimportantkeyistoensurethatthecomputerprogramisoperatingnormally.Thisrequirescomputerprogrammerstoinvestigatetheprogramindetail.Afterthesurveyiscompleted,randomsamplingandintegrationofcomputer-relateddataandinformation,andthenselectthemostappropriatetypeofcomputerprogramminglanguage,onthisbasis,inordertoreducetheerrorrateofcomputerprograms.Intheprocessofselectingcomputerlanguages,computerprogrammersmustfullyconsidertheadvantagesandcharacteristicsofcomputerprogramminglanguages,weightheprosandcons,andreasonablycontroltheactualcostofcomputerlanguagedevelopmentinordertomaximizetheeffectsofcomputerprogramminglanguages.

(1)Beforechoosingaprogramminglanguage,theoverallframeworkoftheprojectshouldbefullyconsideredtodeterminethedistributionofprogramminglanguages.Becauseallpartsoftheentireprojectarewritteninonelanguage.Inaddition,theconnectionanddecompositionofcomponentsiscloselyrelatedtothechoiceofprogramminglanguage.Insomeprojects,itisrelativelysimpletochoosethebestprogramminglanguage,buttheprogrammingprocessisflexible.Thebestlanguageselectionneedstobechangedaccordingtotheprogramrequirements.

(2)Undertheprincipleofscienceandrationality,weshouldchoosethemostfamiliarprogramminglanguage.Becausedevelopersarefamiliarwithacertainlanguage,theycangreatlyhelpthempredictthedevelopmenttime,processandothercontent,whichcanavoidmajorchangesandimproveprogrammingefficiency.

(3)Fullconsiderationshouldbegiventohigh-costoperations,suchasencryption,graphicsrendering,videoprocessing,andothercontentoperations.Forthesehigh-costoperatingmodules,developersshouldchooseastaticlanguagethatneedstobecompiled.JAVAandC#arethebestchoices.

(4)Atpresent,thedevelopmentenvironmentofprogramminglanguages​​isnolongerlimitedtothecomputerhardwareenvironment.Thehardwareenvironmentissufficientforsoftwaredevelopment,butforsomespecialapplicationsoftwareorserioussituations,theprogrammingenvironmentismorethanjustahardwareenvironment.Therefore,scientificandreasonablechoicesshouldbemadesothattheprogramstheywritecanrunwellinthisenvironment.

(5)Thesupportplatformisanimportantbasisforchoosingaprogramminglanguage.Forexample,thecodeneedstoruninthecustomer'sbrowser,whichresultsinfewerprogramminglanguages​​tochoosefrom.

(6)Theuseofanyprogramminglanguageneedstoensurethatthewrittenprogramcanbeadjustedintimeaccordingtoactualneeds.Therefore,arapidprototypingenvironmentisveryimportant.Inthisenvironment,thecombinationofdynamiclanguages​​andrelatedlibrariescangreatlyenhanceitsadvantages.

aplikace

Atthecurrentstage,inordertoobtainhigherapplicationqualityofcomputersoftwaretechnology,andtocontinuouslyimprovethelevelofinformatizationinallsectorsofsociety,scientificresearchersinrelatedfieldsareworkingoncomputerContinuousimprovementandinnovationoftheprogramminglanguages​​intheChineselanguagetoimprovetheintuitivenessandeaseoflearningofcomputerprogramminglanguages,sothatprogrammerscanobtainmoreconvenientprogramminglanguages,andcurrentlywidelyusedprogramminglanguages​​includeKrajta,PHP,Jáva,C++,VB,andClanguages.Differentprogramminglanguages​​havedifferentadvantagesinapplication.Therefore,duringspecificapplications,youneedtochooseaprogramminglanguagewithhigheradaptabilityandpertinenceinaccordancewithyourownneeds.Inordertoensuretheadvantagesoftheselectedprogramminglanguage.

PHP

Inessence,thePHPcomputerprogramminglanguageisoneoftheHTMLembeddedlanguages,anditbelongstothemainstreamofdynamicwebsiteprogramminglanguages.Programminglanguage,butinspecificapplications,youneedtoeffectivelycooperatewithhtmlcss+p+jsandotherlanguages​​tobuildarelativelycompletewebsite.ThemainfunctionofthislanguageistoeffectivelyexecutetheHTMLdocumentinformation,andthroughandTheeffectiveintegrationofmultipleprogramminglanguages​​tomeettheuser'scomputeroperationandcontrolneeds,suchasPerd,Jáva,andClanguage,etc.,inaddition,theapplicationofPHPasaprogramminglanguagecanalsoachieveeffectiveconstructionofdynamicwebpages.

Jáva

Jávaisanobject-basedprogramminglanguage.Itsfocusisonspecificalgorithmsfordataapplicationandmanipulation,asadistributionAtypeoflanguageisanimportantpartofthehigh-performanceInternetarchitecture.Ithasmanyadvantages,suchassimplesyntax,automaticmemorymanagement,cross-platformtransplantation,highreliabilityofexceptionhandling,andcompletebytecodeSecuritymechanismhasawiderangeofapplicationsintheinformationage,especiallyintheInternet,gamecontrol,personalPCandmultimedia,etc.Ithasavitalrole,anditisalsowidelyusedinsoftwareandwebsiteconstruction.ThemosttypicalistheapplicationintheAndroidAPP.Inaddition,someofficesoftwareonthecomputersideisalsowrittenintheJávalanguage,suchasExcelandWord,butcomparedwiththeClanguage,theJávaprogramminglanguageisrelativelylowintermsofmechanicalefficiency,butitseconomyandPortabilityisoneofitsbiggestadvantages,soitsapplicationsinthefieldofbigdataandsupercomputersarerelativelymore.TakingtheapplicationofJávatechnologyintheconstructionofgovernmentwebsitesasanexample,intheprocessofconstructinggovernmentwebsites,thegeneralbuildablewebsitestructureisdividedinto3layers,namelythebusinesslayer,thedatalayerandthepresentationlayer.Thedatalayerismainlyresponsibleforthemanagementofmassdataandprovidesconvenientconditionsforwebsiteservices.Thebusinesslayer,inwhichthebusinesslogicofeachsubsystemisintegrated,andthedataexchangebetweenthedatalayerandthebusinesslayerisrealizedthroughtheintermediatesupportlayer.Thebusinesslayercanensurethesmoothrealizationofwebsiteapplicationfunctionsandprovidestandardizeddevelopment.interface.Presentationlayer,thislayerismainlyresponsibleforinformationinteractionanddatadisplay,isresponsiblefortechnicallyrelatedtotheuser'srequest,combinedwiththespecifictypeofrequest,transmitsittotheapplicationserver,andfinallyfeedsbacktheprocessingresulttotheuser.Intheprocessofbuildingagovernmentwebsite,adistributeddesignisgenerallyadopted,andrelatedsoftwareisintegratedatthecorrespondinglevel.Atthesametime,thedevelopmentworkcanalsobecompletedwiththehelpoftheproductapplicationdevelopmentinterface.Jávatechnologycanprovideapplicationdevelopmentprogramminginterfacesandstandardizedcomponents,andfinallycombinedifferentneedstoreusefunctions,andcanalsobecombinedatwill.

C++

Currently,mostoftheonlinegamesweareexposedtoaredevelopedonthebasisofC++,andarerelativelycommonoperationsincomputersThesystemkerneliswritteninClanguage,suchasWindows/Linux,etc.TheC++language,whichiscontinuouslyoptimizedonthebasisofClanguage,hasobviousadvantagesduringtheapplicationperiod.ItcanimprovetheprogramminglanguageTherunningstateiseffectivelyoptimized,andC++hasfurtherimprovedthecompletenessoftheClanguage.Inparticular,itsrobustnessandconcisenesshavebeenfavoredbyprogrammers,soitiswidelyusedinprogramming.Inaddition,C++hasstrongdrawingcapabilitiesanddataprocessingcapabilities,andtheflexibilityoftransplantationisrelativelystrong.Therefore,itiswidelyusedingraphicsprocessing,systemsoftware,games,andmobilephones.Thewell-knownTetrisisTypicalapplicationofC++language.

Vývojový trend

Withthedevelopmentandprogressofscienceandtechnology,thecontinuousinnovationofcomputersoftwareandhardwaretechnology,especiallythedevelopmentofthemulti-coreera,hasgraduallychangedthetraditionalformofcomputerarchitecture.Affectedbythisformofdevelopment,computersshouldalsomakecorrespondingchangesinprogramminglanguages.Onlyinthiswaycantheinformationdevelopmentneedsofallsectorsofsocietybebettermet,andwewanttoachieveoptimizationandinnovationinprogramminglanguages.,Wemuststartfromtheaspectsofprogrammeroperation,programminglanguageapplication,object-orientedspaceexpansionandplatformindependence.

(1)Itisnecessarytoensuretheconvenienceofvariousoperationsforusers.Asfarasthecurrentcomputerprogramisconcerned,itscoremainlineisdataabstractionandobject-orientedprogramming.Inordertomakethevariousoperationsoftheprogramminglanguagemoreconvenient,itisnecessarytoensurethattheprogramminglanguageissimpleandeasytolearn,anditsprofessionalismisconstantlyreduced.Witheaseofuseasthemaindevelopmentdirection,toensurethatusersonlyneedtomasterthebasicconceptsandoperationmethods,theycanwritesomerelativelysimpleprogramstoensureconvenientoperation.

(2)Theprogramminglanguageshouldbebasedonobjectstoachievedeepdevelopment,andprovideastrongdynamicinterfacemodelandsimpleclassmechanism.Byusingtheinheritancemechanism,subclassescanapplythemethodsgivenbytheparentclasstoachievecodereuse.Inaddition,thecomputernetworkitselfhasstrongopenness.Therefore,intheprocessoffuturedevelopmentofprogramminglanguages,securityshouldbefullyconsidered,sothatprogrammingcanobtainarelativelysafeenvironment.Therefore,securityprotectionshouldbeprovided.Themechanismistobebuilt,combinedwiththerelevantcharacteristicsofprogramwriting,toconstructasecuritysystemtoensuretheharmonyandsafetyofthewritingenvironment.Themainpurposeofimprovingplatformindependenceistowriteprogramsthatcanbeportedtodifferentplatformsormachinestoavoidbeingaffectedbytheplatform.Thisisalsoanimportantdirectionforthefuturedevelopmentofprogramminglanguages.Underthisdevelopmentmodel,applicationswillbemorewhenwritingprograms.Conveniencewillenableittoobtainawiderrangeofapplications.

Deklarativní programování a DSL

Declarativeprogrammingtellsthecomputerwhattocalculateinsteadofhowtocalculate.

Funkcionální programování

Stručný kód a vývoj je rychlý; blíží se přirozenému jazyku, snadno srozumitelný; pohodlnější správa kódu; snadné "souběžné programování"; upgrade kódu za tepla.

Dynamický jazyk

Dynamický jazykreferstoaprogramthatcanchangeitsstructurewhileitisrunning.Itrepresentsthegeneraltrendoffasterandsimplertechnology,andwillinevitablybecomethefutureofbuildingsoftwareandITTheprotagonistoftechnology.

Souběžné programování

Nevyhnutelný požadavek vícejádrové éry.