Characterrelationship
Turnofferrorcorrection
WifeIrenaYorio-Curie Отчетена е грешка 481062
Father-in-lawPierre·Curie Отчетена е грешка 5289216
Mother-in-lawMarie·Curie YesError3675053hasbeenreported.
живот
JeanFrederickYorio-Curie,1900BorninParis,France,hegraduatedfromÉcoleSupérieuredePhysiqueetdeChimieIndustriellesdelaVilledeParis.In1925,hebecameMadameCurie'sassistantattheInstitutCurie.Soon,hefellinlovewithMrs.Curie'seldestdaughter,IreneCurie,andshortlyaftertheirmarriagein1926,thecouplealsochangedtheirsurnamesto"JorioCurie".AtMarie'sinsistence,Jeanobtainedabachelorofscience(baccalauréat)andadoctorofsciencedegreewhileengagedintheelectrochemicalanalysisofradioactiveelements.
DuringhistenureasalecturerattheParisAcademyofSciences,hecollaboratedwithhiswifeonthestudyofatomicstructure,focusingonatomicrays.TheyhavemissedtheNobelPrizetwice:
TheJoliot-Curiecouplefirstgotneutronsintheexperiment,buttheyfailedtoidentifythemcorrectlyandthehonorwasultimatelyattributedtoRutherford’sstudents.AboveChadwick,Chadwickwonthe1935NobelPrizeinPhysicsfordiscoveringneutrons.
TheJoliotsandCurieswerethefirsttoobtainpositronsintheexperiment,andbecauseoftheirfailuretocorrectlyidentifythem,thehonorwasfinallyattributedtoCarlDavidAnderson,whowasresponsiblefordiscoveringpositrons.Andwonthe1936NobelPrizeinPhysics.
However,becauseofthediscoveryofstableartificialradioactivity,theywonthe1935NobelPrizeinChemistry.
In1937,helefttheInstituteofRadiologyandbegantoserveasaprofessorattheFrenchAcademy,andparticipatedinthestudyofchainreactionsandnuclearreactionconditions.Hesuccessfullyuseduraniumandheavywatertoachievecontrollablenuclearfissiontogenerateenergy.YoriowasoneofthescientistsmentionedbyEinsteininhislettertoPresidentRoosevelt,andEinsteincalledhimoneoftheleadingscientistsinthechainreaction.However,theSecondWorldWargreatlyhinderedJoliot-Curie'sresearchbecausehebegantoholdadministrativepositionsafterthewar.
Анекдот
Beforehebecamefamous,somepeopleintheFrenchscientificcommunityridiculedhimasa"PrinceConsort"(en:PrinceConsort),thinkingthathewasmarriedThedaughterofMadameCuriewaswell-developed,andhiscombinationofhisownandhiswife'ssurnamesalsocausedalotofcriticism.MadameCurieusedtocomfortherson-in-lawforthis.
Фамилия
Theirsurnameis"Joliot-Curie"insteadof"JoliotCurie".InsomeChinesescientificandtechnologicalliteratureandphysicalmaterials,Joliot-Curie'sThesurnameistranslatedinto"JoliotCurie",thistranslationisnotaccurate;similarly,inEnglishandFrenchscientificliteratureandphysicalmaterials,therearealsoalotofuseof"JoliotCurie"insteadof"Joliot-Curie"Case.Inaddition,thereisalsoasayingthattheJoliots-Curiecouplearecalledthe"littleCuries".ThisusageisoftenusedasacolloquiallanguageinthefieldofphysicsinmainlandChina .Liandwife) са различни; английски и традиционен китайски, използвани в Хонконг и Тайван, нямат такова изявление. Въпреки това, в неофициални публикации в континентален Китай се използва "Jolio-Curiecouple", а не "LittleCuriecouple". Последното е просто неформална формулировка.
Фамилното име "Йорио-Кюри" е подобно на китайското "двойно фамилно име (комбинирано фамилно име на родителите)", но разликата е, че те са само "фамилни имена на двойки" и техните деца не следват фамилното име на родителите си Лиан, фамилното име на децата преди брака е "Йорио". Сред тях дъщеря им смени фамилното си име на "Лангевин-Йорио".
Влияние
·Yorio-Curieisnotonlyafamousnuclearphysicistandchemist,butalsoafamousguardianofpeace.HewassympathetictotheChinesepeople.NotonlydidheactivelyparticipateintherescueofthephysicistZhaoZhongyaowhowasdetainedbytheUnitedStatesinJapanattheinvitationofthestudentQianSanqiang,healsosolemnlysuggestedtoMaoZedongthatChinashouldalsoengageinatomicbombs.ThisisMaoZedong’sdecision.Theonewhotouchedthemost.SeetheTVseries"Five-StarRedFlagFlyingintheWind"fordetails.
Yorio-CurietoldMaoZedongthattodefeattheatomicbomb,youmusthavestrength.ThisisthefirsttimethatMaoZedongpaidattentiontoJoliot-Curie’sproposalaftertheoutbreakoftheKoreanWarin1950afterMaoZedong’sfamousthesisthat“theatomicbombisapapertiger”whenhemetwithStrongin1946,anddeterminedtodevelopatomicenergyscience.