tilastolliset menetelmät

Tilastolliset menetelmät

Statisticsarerichandintricate,anditisnoteasytoselectstatisticalanalysismethodsreasonably.Forthesamedata,ifyouchoosedifferentstatisticalanalysismethods,sometimestheconclusionsarecompletelydifferent.

Tilastomenetelmien oikean valinnan perusteet:

①Accordingtothepurposeoftheresearch,clarifythetypeofresearchexperimentdesign,researchfactorsandlevelnumber;

②Määritä tietojen ominaisuudet (joko normaalijakauma jne.) ja näytekoko;

③Correctlyjudgethetypeofstatisticaldata(measurement,count,andgradedata),andperformcorrectstatisticsaccordingtotheappropriateconditionsofthestatisticalmethodMeasurevaluecalculation;

Finally,accordingtotheactualsituationofprofessionalknowledgeanddata,combinedwithstatisticalprinciples,thestatisticalanalysismethodshouldbeflexiblyselected.

Tilastollinen luokitus

1Mittaustietojen tilastolliset menetelmät

Statisticalanalysismethodsforanalyzingmeasurementdatacanbedividedintoparametrictestmethodsandnon-parametrictestmethods.

Parametertestingmethodsaremainlyt-testandanalysisofvariance(ANOVA,F-test),etc.Thet-testandu-testarecommonlyusedwhencomparingmeansbetweentwogroups,andtheanalysisofvarianceiscommonlyusedwhencomparingmeansabovetwogroups.;Non-parametrictestmethodsmainlyincluderanksumtestandsoon.Thettestcanbedividedintothettestofsinglegroupdesigndata,thettestofpaireddesigndataandthettestofgroupdesigndata;whentwosmallsamplesarecompared,thetwopopulationdistributionsarerequiredtobenormallydistributedandthevariancesarehomogeneous.IfnotTomeettheaboverequirements,anon-parametricmethod(ranksumtest)shouldbeused.Theanalysisofvariancecanbeusedtocomparethemeanoftwoormoresamples.Whenapplyingthismethod,eachsampleisrequiredtobeamutuallyindependentrandomsample,eachsamplecomesfromanormalpopulationandtheoverallvarianceofeachtreatmentgroupishomogeneous.Accordingtodifferentdesigntypes,therearemanydifferentmethodsintheanalysisofvariance.Forquantitativedata,appropriatestatisticalanalysismethodsshouldbeselectedaccordingtothetypeofdesignused,theconditionsofthedataandthepurposeofanalysis,andt-testandone-wayanalysisofvarianceshouldnotbeblindlyapplied.

2Tilastolliset laskentamenetelmät

Thestatisticalmethodsofcountingdataaremainlyusedfortheanalysisofthefour-gridtableandtheR×Ctable

test.Fourgridtabledata:use

testorutestforcomparisonbetweengroups.Ifthetestcannotbesatisfied:whenthecountdataisinapaireddesign,thefourgridtableobtainedisapairedfourgridtable,andthetestusedForformulasandcorrectionformulas,pleaserefertobooks.TheR×Ctablecanbedividedintofourcategories:two-waydisorder,one-wayordered,two-wayorderedwiththesameattributes,andtwo-wayorderedwithdifferentattributes.Differenttypesofrowlistshavedifferentselectionmethodsaccordingtotheirresearchpurposes.SeedetailsTable1.

3Tilastotietojen menetelmä

Thegradedata(ordinalvariable)isthedataobtainedbygroupingthegradesofthenatureandcategory,andthencountingthenumberofobservationunitsineachgroup.Inclinicalmedicaldata,somequalitativeindicatorsareoftenencountered,suchasevaluationofclinicalefficacy,clinicalstageofdisease,clinicalgradingofdiseaseseverity,etc.Theseindicatorsareoftendividedintoseveralgradesandthenclassifiedandcountedtosolvetheirproblems.Quantitativeproblems,suchdataisstatisticallycalledgradedata.

Viitemateriaalit

[1]SuYinfa.Hierarkkisten tietojen kolmen tilastollisen menetelmän välisen suhteen analyysi[J].ChineseClinicalPharmacologyandTherapeutics, 2002.7(2):175-176.

[2] XiaoMingyao "ChinaMetrology" 1996

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