Colleges and universities

Synonymcollegesanduniversitiesgenerallyrefertocollegesanduniversities(schoolsthatimplementhighereducation)

Introduction

China'sfamousuniversities(2photos)

Itisthecollectivenameofuniversities,colleges,independentcolleges,highervocationaltechnicalcolleges,highervocationaltechnicalcolleges,andtechnicalcolleges,referredtoascollegesanduniversities.Intermsofacademicqualificationsandtraininglevels,itincludescollege,undergraduate,master,anddoctoralstudents.Amongthem,universitiesgenerallyrefertocomprehensivegeneralhighereducationinstitutions.Collegesincludemedicalschools,engineeringschools,businessschools,normalschools,youthpoliticalschools,managementschools,agriculturalschools,politicalsciencesandlawschools,policeschools,tourismschools,operaschools,andmusicschools.,TransportationCollege,AcademyofFineArts,andhighervocationalcolleges,includingvocationalandtechnicalcolleges,vocationalcolleges,andtechnicalcolleges.

AsofJune15,2019,therewere2,956collegesanduniversitiesnationwide,including2,688regularcolleges(including257independentcolleges)and268adultcolleges.

Classificationofschools

Basedonthenatureofcollegesanduniversities,Chinesecollegesanduniversitiesaremainlydividedintotwocategories:

CategoryColleges and universities

Schoollevel

Nameformat

ApprovedorfiledbytheNationalEducationAdministration

HighSchools

GeneralHighSchools

Postgraduates

Undergraduatelevel

××University

××College

××University××College(IndependentCollege)

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xxVocationalandTechnicalUniversity

Collegelevel

××VocationalCollege

××VocationalTechnicalCollege

××VocationalCollege

AdultHigherSchool

××BroadcastingandTelevisionUniversity

××WorkersCollege

××AmateurUniversity

××WorkersMedicalCollege

××ManagementCadreCollege

××CollegeofEducation

Generalcollegesanduniversitiesaredividedintotypes:comprehensive,normal,engineering,agriculture,agricultureandforestry,Medicine,forestry,language,financeandeconomics,politicsandlaw,sports,art,nationality.

OrdinaryHigherEducationInstitutions

Inthecourseofundergraduateeducation,ordinaryeducationisaconceptcorrespondingtoadulteducation.Thedifferencebetweenthetwoismainlyintheeducationalobjectsandlearningforms.Thetargetofgeneraleducationinthejuniorcollegeismainlyyoungpeopleinthegrowingstage,andadoptsfull-timeteaching;thetargetofadulteducationisadults,asthenamesuggests,andgenerallyadoptsadult,amateur,correspondence,openuniversityandotherformsofteaching.

Inthepostgraduateeducationstage,itreferstothepostgraduateeducationoffull-timeorpart-timegeneralpostgraduatesenrolledthroughtheunifiednationalenrollmentexaminationformastersordoctoralstudents.Itisdividedintopostgraduatesanddoctoralstudents,accordingtothedegreeThetypesaredividedintoacademicpostgraduatesandprofessionalpostgraduates.Thestudyformsaredividedintofull-timeandgeneralpart-time,bothofwhicharegeneralhighereducation.

Generalhighereducationintheundergraduateeducationstagereferstoundergraduateeducationthatmainlyrecruitshighschoolgraduatesforfull-timestudy,includinggeneralhighervocationalschoolsandtechnicalcolleges,generalhighereducationschools(universitycolleges)anduniversitiesTheundergraduatedegreeisrelativelyspeakingwiththeundergraduateandjuniorcollegeeducationintheformofadulthighereducationsuchascorrespondencecourses,nightcolleges,andworkercollegesthatrecruitin-serviceemployeeswhileworkingandstudying.

Inthepostgraduateeducationstage,itreferstothepostgraduateeducationoffull-timeorpart-timegeneralpostgraduatesenrolledthroughthenationalunifiedentranceexaminationformaster'sordoctoralstudents.

Ordinaryinstitutionsofhigherlearningrefertoinstitutionsofhigherlearningthatareapprovedorfiledbythenationaleducationadministrativedepartmentandfocusontheimplementationofordinaryhighereducation.Theyaredividedintoundergraduatelevelandjuniorcollegelevel.Thenameoftheordinarycollegesanduniversitiesattheundergraduateandgraduatelevelis"××University"or"××College",andthenameoftheindependentcollegeis"××University(College)××College".Thenamesofordinarycollegesanduniversitiesatthejuniorcollegelevelare“××VocationalSchool”,“××VocationalCollege”,“××VocationalTechnicalCollege”or“××VocationalCollege”.

Themainformsofschoolrunningaregeneralcollegesandgeneralundergraduates.Later,generaleducationformssuchasthefive-yearconsistentsystemandthethree-twosegmentedsystematthestartingpointofjuniorhighschoolhavebeenadded.Thefive-yearconsistentsystemisundertakenbyhighervocationalcollegesortechnicalcolleges.Thethree-twosegmentedsystemisundertakenbysecondaryprofessionalschoolsforthefirstthreeyears,andthesecondyearentersthejuniorcollegestage,whichisundertakenbytheaffiliatedhighervocationalcollegesortechnicalcolleges.Generalundergraduatecoursesareheldbyuniversities,undergraduatecollegesandindependentcolleges,whilejuniorcollegesaremainlyheldbyvocationaltechnicalcollegesandtechnicalcolleges.Universities,undergraduatecollegesandindependentcollegesalsoundertakesomeprofessionaltrainingtasks.Highervocationalcollegesandtechnicalcollegesdonothavethequalificationstoissueordinaryundergraduatecertificates.

VocationalColleges

InDecember2019,the"RevisionDraftoftheVocationalEducationLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina"wasreleased,andtheconceptof"highervocationalschools"wasrevisedtobethesameasthatof"ordinarycollegesanduniversities".Parallel"vocationalcolleges".Undergraduate-levelvocationalschoolsarejustonelevelofvocationalcollegesanduniversities,andarethehighestlevelinthecurrentvocationalhighereducationsystem.

AdultHigherSchools

AdultHigherSchoolsrefertogeneralseniorhighschoolsthatareapprovedtobeheldinaccordancewiththesettingstandardsandapprovalproceduresprescribedbythestate,andhavepassedthenationaladulthigherschoolentranceexamination(adultcollegeentranceexamination).Orin-serviceemployeeswithequivalentacademicqualificationsarethemaintrainingtargets,andschoolsthatimplementhighereducationforthembymeansofcorrespondence,part-time,full-timeandotherforms.Highereducationself-studyexaminationisaformofadulthighereducation.

Including:RadioandTelevisionUniversity,WorkersCollege,Spare-timeUniversity,WorkersMedicalCollege,ManagementCadreCollege,EducationCollege,Adult(Continuing)EducationCollegeofordinaryuniversities,etc.

Note:The"GraduationCertificate"ofadultcollegesanduniversitieswillbemarkedwiththewords"correspondence,amateur,full-time,onlineeducation".

KeyUniversities

"DoubleFirstClass"ConstructionofUniversities

World-classuniversitiesandfirst-classdisciplineconstruction,referredtoas"DoubleFirstClass",tobuildworld-classuniversitiesandfirst-classdisciplinesItisamajorstrategicdecisionmadebytheCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChinaandtheStateCouncilofthePeople’sRepublicofChina.Competitivenessprovidesstrongsupportfortherealizationofthe"twocentenary"goalsandtheChinesedreamofthegreatrejuvenationoftheChinesenation.

OnAugust18,2015,theCentralLeadingGroupMeetingforComprehensivelyDeepeningReformsreviewedandapprovedthe"OverallPlanforPromotingtheConstructionofWorld-ClassUniversitiesandFirst-ClassDisciplines",makingnewarrangementsforthekeyconstructionofhighereducationinthenewera.Keyconstructionprojectssuchas"211Project","985Project"and"AdvancedDisciplineInnovationPlatform"wereunifiedintotheconstructionofworld-classuniversitiesandfirst-classdisciplines,andwereissuedbytheStateCouncilinNovemberofthesameyear,anddecidedtocoordinatethepromotionoftheconstructionofworld-classuniversitiesandfirst-classdisciplines.;InJanuary2017,withtheapprovaloftheStateCouncil,theMinistryofEducation,theMinistryofFinance,andtheNationalDevelopmentandReformCommissionissuedthe"ImplementationMeasuresforCoordinatingandPromotingtheConstructionofWorld-ClassUniversitiesandFirst-ClassDisciplines(Interim)".

OnSeptember21,2017,theMinistryofEducation,theMinistryofFinance,andtheNationalDevelopmentandReformCommissionjointlyissuedthe"NoticeonAnnouncementoftheListofWorld-ClassUniversities,First-ClassDisciplineConstructionUniversitiesandConstructionDisciplines",officiallyconfirmingthepublicationoftheworld-classuniversitiesThelistofuniversitiesandfirst-classdisciplineconstructionuniversitiesanddisciplines,thefirstbatchofdouble-classconstructionuniversitiestotals140,ofwhich42areworld-classuniversityconstructionuniversities(36areincategoryA,6arecategoryB),and98areworld-classdisciplineconstructionuniversities;Atotalof465first-classconstructiondisciplines(including44self-defineddisciplines).

OnOctober18,2017,ComradeXiJinpingpointedoutinthereportofthe19thNationalCongressoftheCommunistPartyofChinathattheconstructionoffirst-classuniversitiesandfirst-classdisciplinesshouldbeaccelerated.

ListofDoubleFirst-ClassUniversities

ClassAofWorld-ClassUniversitiesConstruction

PekingUniversity

RenminUniversityofChina

TsinghuaUniversity

BeijingUniversityofAeronauticsandAstronautics

BeijingInstituteofTechnology

ChinaAgriculturalUniversity

BeijingNormalUniversity

CentralUniversityforNationalities

NankaiUniversity

TianjinUniversity

DalianUniversityofTechnology

JilinUniversity

HarbinInstituteofTechnology

FudanUniversity

TongjiUniversity

ShanghaiJiaotongUniversity

EastChinaNormalUniversity

NanjingUniversity

SoutheastUniversity

ZhejiangUniversity

UniversityofScienceandTechnologyofChina

XiamenUniversity

ShandongUniversity

OceanUniversityofChina

WuhanUniversity

HuazhongUniversityofScienceandTechnology

CentralSouthUniversity

SunYat-senUniversity

SouthChinaUniversityofTechnology

SichuanUniversity

ChongqingUniversity

UniversityofElectronicScienceandTechnologyofChina

Xi’anJiaotongUniversity

NorthwesternPolytechnicalUniversity

LanzhouUniversity

ChinesePeople'sLiberationArmyNationalUniversityofDefenseTechnology

-

-

-

-

World-classUniversityConstructionUniversityClassB

NortheasternUniversity

ZhengzhouUniversity

HunanUniversity

YunnanUniversity

NorthwestA&FUniversity

XinjiangUniversity

-

-

-

-

World-classdiscipline-buildinguniversities

BeijingJiaotongUniversity

BeijingUniversityofTechnology

BeijingUniversityofScienceandTechnology

BeijingUniversityofChemicalTechnology

BeijingUniversityofPostsandTelecommunications

BeijingForestryUniversity

BeijingUnionMedicalCollege

BeijingUniversityofTraditionalChineseMedicine

CapitalNormalUniversity

BeijingForeignStudiesUniversity

CommunicationUniversityofChina

CentralUniversityofFinanceandEconomics

UniversityofInternationalBusinessandEconomics

DiplomaticAcademy

ChinesePeople’sPublicSecurityUniversity

BeijingSportUniversity

CentralConservatoryofMusic

ChinaConservatoryofMusic

CentralAcademyofFineArts

CentralAcademyofDrama

ChinaUniversityofPoliticalScienceandLaw

TianjinUniversityofTechnology

TianjinMedicalUniversity

TianjinUniversityofTraditionalChineseMedicine

NorthChinaElectricPowerUniversity

HebeiUniversityofTechnology

TaiyuanUniversityofTechnology

InnerMongoliaUniversity

LiaoningUniversity

DalianMaritimeUniversity

YanbianUniversity

NortheastNormalUniversity

HarbinEngineeringUniversity

NortheastAgriculturalUniversity

NortheastForestryUniversity

EastChinaUniversityofScienceandTechnology

DonghuaUniversity

ShanghaiOceanUniversity

ShanghaiUniversityofTraditionalChineseMedicine

ShanghaiInternationalStudiesUniversity

ShanghaiUniversityofFinanceandEconomics

ShanghaiInstituteofPhysicalEducation

ShanghaiConservatoryofMusic

ShanghaiUniversity

SuzhouUniversity

NanjingUniversityofAeronauticsandAstronautics

NanjingUniversityofScienceandTechnology

ChinaUniversityofMiningandTechnology

NanjingUniversityofPostsandTelecommunications

HohaiUniversity

JiangnanUniversity

NanjingForestryUniversity

NanjingUniversityofInformationTechnology

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NanjingAgriculturalUniversity

NanjingUniversityofTraditionalChineseMedicine

ChinaPharmaceuticalUniversity

NanjingNormalUniversity

ChinaAcademyofArt

AnhuiUniversity

HefeiUniversityofTechnology

FuzhouUniversity

NanchangUniversity

HenanUniversity

ChinaUniversityofGeosciences(Wuhan)

WuhanUniversityofTechnology

HuazhongAgriculturalUniversity

p>

CentralChinaNormalUniversity

ZhongnanUniversityofEconomicsandLaw

HunanNormalUniversity

JinanUniversity

GuangzhouUniversityofChineseMedicine

SouthChinaNormalUniversity

HainanUniversity

GuangxiUniversity

SouthwestJiaotongUniversity

SouthwestPetroleumUniversity

ChengduUniversityofTechnology

SichuanAgriculturalUniversity

ChengduUniversityofTraditionalChineseMedicine

p>

SouthwestUniversity

SouthwestUniversityofFinanceandEconomics

p>

GuizhouUniversity

TibetUniversity

NorthwestUniversity

XidianUniversity

Chang'anUniversity

ShaanxiNormalUniversity

QinghaiUniversity

NingxiaUniversity

ShiheziUniversity

ChinaUniversityofPetroleum(EastChina)

NingboUniversity

UniversityofChineseAcademyofSciences

ChinesePeople’sLiberationArmyNavalMedicalUniversity

People'sLiberationArmyAirForceMilitaryMedicalUniversity

ChinaUniversityofGeosciences(Beijing)

ChinaUniversityofMiningandTechnology(Beijing)

ChinaUniversityofPetroleum(Beijing)

-

-

Note:TheorderofthelistissubjecttothedocumentsoftheMinistryofEducationofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.

Listofregionaldistributionofdoublefirst-classuniversities

provinces

First-classuniversityconstructioncollege

First-classdisciplineconstructioncollege

Quantity

Beijing

PekingUniversity

BeijingJiaotongUniversity

33

RenminUniversityofChina

BeijingUniversityofTechnology

TsinghuaUniversity

UniversityofScienceandTechnologyBeijing

BeijingUniversityofAeronauticsandAstronautics

BeijingUniversityofChemicalTechnology

BeijingInstituteofTechnology

BeijingUniversityofPostsandTelecommunications

ChinaAgriculturalUniversity

BeijingForestryUniversity

p>

BeijingNormalUniversity

PekingUnionMedicalCollege

CentralUniversityforNationalities

BeijingCentralMedicalUniversity

-

CapitalNormalUniversity

BeijingForeignStudiesUniversity

CommunicationUniversityofChina

CentralUniversityofFinanceandEconomics

UniversityofInternationalBusinessandEconomics

ChinaForeignAffairsUniversity

ChinesePeople’sPublicSecurityUniversity

BeijingSportUniversity

CentralConservatoryofMusic

ChinaConservatoryofMusic

CentralAcademyofFineArts

CentralAcademyofDrama

ChinaUniversityofPoliticalScienceandLaw

UniversityofChineseAcademyofSciences

ChinaUniversityofPetroleum(Beijing)

ChinaUniversityofGeosciences(Beijing)

ChinaUniversityofMiningandTechnology(Beijing)

Jiangsu

NanjingUniversity

SuzhouUniversity

15

SoutheastUniversity

NanjingUniversityofAeronauticsandAstronautics

-

NanjingUniversityofScienceandTechnology

ChinaUniversityofMiningandTechnology

NanjingUniversityofPostsandTelecommunications

HohaiUniversity

JiangnanUniversity

NanjingForestryUniversity

NanjingUniversityofInformationTechnology

NanjingAgriculturalUniversity

NanjingUniversityofTraditionalChineseMedicine

ChinaPharmaceuticalUniversity

p>

NanjingNormalUniversity

Shanghai

FudanUniversity

EastChinaUniversityofScienceandTechnology

14

TongjiUniversity

DonghuaUniversity

ShanghaiJiaotongUniversity

ShanghaiOceanUniversity

EastChinaNormalUniversity

ShanghaiUniversityofTraditionalChineseMedicine

-

ShanghaiInternationalStudiesUniversity

ShanghaiUniversityofFinanceandEconomics

ShanghaiInstituteofPhysicalEducation

ShanghaiConservatoryofMusic

ShanghaiUniversity

NavyMedicalOfficeroftheChinesePeople’sLiberationArmyUniversity

Sichuan

SichuanUniversity

SouthwestJiaotongUniversity

8

UniversityofElectronicScienceandTechnologyofChina

SouthwestPetroleumUniversity

-

ChengduUniversityofTechnology

SichuanAgriculturalUniversity

ChengduUniversityofTraditionalChineseMedicine

SouthwesternUniversityofFinanceandEconomics

Shaanxi

Xi’anJiaotongUniversity

NorthwestUniversity

8

NorthwesternPolytechnicalUniversity

XidianUniversity

NorthwestA&FUniversity

Chang'anUniversity

-

ShaanxiNormalUniversity

ChinesePeople’sLiberationArmyAirForceMilitaryMedicalUniversity

Hubei

WuhanUniversity

ChinaUniversityofGeosciences

7

HuazhongUniversityofScienceandTechnology

WuhanUniversityofTechnology

-

HuazhongAgriculturalUniversity

HuazhongNormalUniversity

ZhongnanUniversityofEconomicsandLaw

Tianjin

NankaiUniversity

TianjinUniversityofTechnology

5

TianjinUniversity

TianjinMedicalUniversity

-

TianjinUniversityofTraditionalChineseMedicine

Guangdong

SunYat-senUniversity

JinanUniversity

5

SouthChinaUniversityofTechnology

GuangzhouUniversityofChineseMedicine

-

SouthChinaNormalUniversity

Liaoning

DalianUniversityofTechnology

LiaoningUniversity

4

NortheasternUniversity

DalianMaritimeUniversity

Heilongjiang

HarbinInstituteofTechnology

HarbinEngineeringUniversity

4

-

NortheastAgriculturalUniversity

NortheastForestryUniversity

Hunan

CentralSouthUniversity

HunanNormalUniversity

4

NationalUniversityofDefenseTechnologyofthePeople’sLiberationArmy

HunanUniversity

Shandong

ShandongUniversity

ChinaUniversityofPetroleum

3

OceanUniversityofChina

Jilin

JilinUniversity

YanbianUniversity

3

-

NortheastNormalUniversity

Anhui

UniversityofScienceandTechnologyofChina

AnhuiUniversity

3

-

HefeiUniversityofTechnology

Zhejiang

ZhejiangUniversity

NingboUniversity

3

-

ChinaAcademyofArt

Chongqing

ChongqingUniversity

SouthwestUniversity

2

Fujian

XiamenUniversity

FuzhouUniversity

2

Henan

ZhengzhouUniversity

HenanUniversity

2

Xinjiang

XinjiangUniversity

ShiheziUniversity

2

Hebei

-

NorthChinaElectricPowerUniversity

2

HebeiUniversityofTechnology

Yunnan

YunnanUniversity

-

1

Gansu

p>

LanzhouUniversity

-

1

Shanxi

-

TaiyuanUniversityofTechnology

1

Jiangxi

-

NanchangUniversity

1

Hainan

-

HainanUniversity

1

Guizhou

-

GuizhouUniversity

1

Qinghai

-

QinghaiUniversity

1

Ningxia

-

NingxiaUniversity

1

InnerMongolia

-

InnerMongoliaUniversity

1

Guangxi

-

GuangxiUniversity

1

Tibet

-

TibetUniversity

1

Note:ThelistissortedaccordingtothedocumentsoftheMinistryofEducationofthePeople’sRepublicofChinaPrevail.

Theoriginal"Project211"collegesanduniversities

Project211isaconstructionprojectforthekeyconstructionofabout100collegesanduniversitiesandanumberofkeydisciplinesinthe21stcentury.ItwasapprovedbytheStateCouncilin1995.Officiallylaunchedafterapproval.AsofMarch31,2011,atotalof115collegesanduniversitieshavebeenshortlistedforthe"211Project".

Theoriginal"985Project"collegesanduniversities

The985ProjectisahighereducationimplementedbytheStateCouncilofthePeople’sRepublicofChinatobuildseveralworld-classuniversitiesandagroupofinternationallyrenownedhigh-levelcomprehensiveuniversitiesconstructionproject.OnMay4,1998,PresidentJiangZemindeliveredaspeechattheCentennialAnniversaryofPekingUniversity,focusingontheconceptofbuildingaworld-classuniversityfromwhichthenameoftheprojectoriginated.Theprojectcovers39collegesanduniversities.

Theoriginal"985Platform"collegesanduniversities

The985ProjectAdvantageDisciplineInnovationPlatformProjectistheStateCouncilofthePeople’sRepublicofChinainordertobuildaninnovativecountryandacceleratethepromotionofsocialistmodernization.Itisthe"211Project"constructionandahigh-levelindustrycharacteristicuniversityaffiliatedtothecentralgovernmenttoimplementtheproject.Thereare39collegesanduniversitieswiththisconventionalplatform.

OnJune3,2016,theofficialwebsiteoftheMinistryofEducationissuedthe"Noticeonannouncingtheinvalidationofabatchofregulatorydocuments".ThenoticewasjointlyissuedbytheMinistryofEducation,theAcademicDegreesCommitteeoftheStateCouncilandtheNationalLanguageCommission.Abatchofnormativedocumentssuchasthe"OpinionsonContinuedImplementationofthe"985Project"ConstructionProject","The"985Project"ConstructionManagementMeasures","The"211Project"ConstructionImplementationManagementMeasures"andothernormativedocumentshavebecomeinvalidandnolongerserveasthebasisforadministrativemanagement.

Note:Therelevantdocumentsofthe211Projectandthe985Projecthaveexpiredandarenolongerusedasthebasisforadministrativemanagement.

"Plan2011"collegesanduniversities

The2011planistheinnovationcapabilityimprovementplanofcollegesanduniversities.ItisthethirdnationalstrategicprojectimplementedbytheStateCouncilofthePeople’sRepublicofChinainthehighereducationsystem.In2011,PresidentHuJintao'sspeechatthe100thAnniversaryofTsinghuaUniversityfirstproposedtheplan.Theplantakesasthecoretasktheimprovementofthetrinityoftalents,disciplines,andscientificresearchinnovationcapabilities.Throughtheconstructionoffourtypesofcollaborativeinnovationmodelsorientedtothefrontiersofscience,culturalinheritanceinnovation,industryandregionaldevelopment,andmajorneedsforregionaldevelopment,itwilldeepenthereformofcollegesanduniversities'mechanismandsystem,andtransformcollegesanduniversities'innovationmethods.,Aimingtobreakthroughthebarriersofinternalandexternalmechanismsincollegesanduniversities.

Thebasiccapacitybuildingprojectforuniversitiesinthecentralandwesternregions

Thebasiccapacitybuildingprojectforuniversitiesinthecentralandwesternregionsistorevitalizethehighereducationinthecentralandwesternregions,promotethecoordinateddevelopmentofhighereducationinChina,andeffectivelyimprovetheuniversitiesinthecentralandwesternregionsTheabilitytorunschoolsandimprovethequalityoftalenttraininghavegreatlyenhancedthestrengthofagroupofundergraduatecollegesanduniversitiesinthecentralandwesternregions.Theplanfocusesonsupportingthedevelopmentandconstructionof100localcollegesanduniversitiesin24provinces,autonomousregions,andmunicipalitiesinthecentralandwesternregions.The“project”startedin2012,organizedbytheNationalDevelopmentandReformCommissionandtheMinistryofEducationtosupportagroupofdistinctiveandpowerfulprovincial-ministerialorprovincialkeyuniversities.Itisanimportantpartoftheplanfortherevitalizationofhighereducationinthecentralandwesternregions.

Collegesanduniversitiesunderthecentralgovernment

CollegesanduniversitiesdirectlyunderthecentralgovernmentofthePeople’sRepublicofChina,referredtoas"universitiesunderthecentralgovernment",mainlyrefertotheAgroupofcollegesanduniversitiesaredirectlyunderthemanagementofthewholecountry,thepurposeistotakeastepforwardinexploringreforms,andtoplayademonstrativeandguidingroleinimprovingteaching,scientificresearchandsocialservices.

Theuniversitiesunderthecentralgovernmenthavebasicallycoverednationalkeyuniversitiesthathavebeenselectedfornationalstrategicprojectssuchas"DoubleFirst-Class","2011Plan",and"Ministry-provincialCooperationtoBuildUniversities".Theuniversitiesaffiliatedtothecentralgovernmentarethereforecalled"thepioneersandleadersofChineseuniversities."

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Listofinstitutionsofhigherlearningdirectlyunderthecentraldepartments(units)ofthePeople’sRepublicofChina

BelongingtoministriesandcommissionsoftheStateCouncil

MinistryofEducationofthePeople’sRepublicofChina

Beijing

PekingUniversity,TsinghuaUniversityUniversity,RenminUniversityofChina,BeijingNormalUniversity,ChinaAgriculturalUniversity,BeijingForeignStudiesUniversity,BeijingLanguageandCultureUniversity,UniversityofScienceandTechnologyBeijing,BeijingUniversityofChemicalTechnology,BeijingJiaotongUniversity,BeijingUniversityofPostsandTelecommunications,ChinaUniversityofGeosciences(Beijing),ChinaUniversityofMiningandTechnology(Beijing)),ChinaUniversityofPetroleum(Beijing),BeijingForestryUniversity,CommunicationUniversityofChina,CentralUniversityofFinanceandEconomics,ChinaUniversityofPoliticalScienceandLaw,BeijingUniversityofChineseMedicine,UniversityofInternationalBusinessandEconomics,NorthChinaElectricPowerUniversity,SchoolofInternationalRelations,CentralConservatoryofMusic,CentralAcademyofFineArts,CentralAcademyofDrama,NationalOpenUniversity(adultcollege)

Tianjin

NankaiUniversity,TianjinUniversity

Hebei

HebeiUniversity(Ministry-provincialCooperationJointUniversity)

Hainan

HainanUniversity(Ministry-provincialcooperationandjointconstructionofcollegesanduniversities)

Shanxi

ShanxiUniversity(Ministry-provincialcooperationandjointconstructionofcollegesanduniversities)

InnerMongolia

InnerMongoliaUniversity(Ministry-provincialcooperationtobuildauniversity)

Liaoning

DalianUniversityofTechnology,NortheasternUniversity

Jilin

JilinUniversity,NortheastNormalUniversity

Heilongjiang

NortheastForestryUniversity

Shanghai

FudanUniversity

ShanghaiJiaotongUniversity

TongjiUniversity

EastChinaUniversityofScienceandTechnology

DonghuaUniversity

EastChinaNormalUniversity

ShanghaiInternationalStudiesUniversity

ShanghaiUniversityofFinanceandEconomics

Jiangsu

NanjingUniversity,SoutheastUniversity,ChinaUniversityofMiningandTechnology,HohaiUniversity,NanjingAgriculturalUniversity,ChinaPharmaceuticalUniversity,JiangnanUniversity

Zhejiang

ZhejiangUniversity

Anhui

HefeiIndustryUniversity

Fujian

XiamenUniversity

Jiangxi

NanchangUniversity(MinistryofCooperatingtobuilduniversities)

Shandong

ShandongUniversity,OceanUniversityofChina,ChinaUniversityofPetroleum(EastChina)

Henan

ZhengzhouUniversity(MinistryCooperatetobuilduniversities)

Hubei

WuhanUniversity,HuazhongUniversityofScienceandTechnology,ChinaUniversityofGeosciences(Wuhan),WuhanUniversityofTechnology,HuazhongAgriculturalUniversity,HuazhongNormalUniversity,ZhongnanUniversityofEconomicsandLaw

Hunan

HunanUniversity,CentralSouthUniversity

Guangdong

SunYat-senUniversity,SouthChinaUniversityofTechnology

Guangxi

GuangxiUniversity(Ministry-provincialCooperationJointUniversity)

Chongqing

ChongqingUniversity,SouthwestUniversity

Sichuan

SichuanUniversity,UniversityofElectronicScienceandTechnology,SouthwestJiaotongUniversity,SouthwesternFinanceandEconomicsUniversity

Guizhou

GuizhouUniversity(Ministryandprovincescooperatetobuilduniversities)

Yunnan

YunnanUniversity(Ministry-provincialcooperationtobuilduniversities)

Tibet

TibetUniversity(Ministry-provincialcooperationandjointconstructionofcollegesanduniversities)

Shaanxi

Xi'anJiaotongUniversity,XidianUniversity,Chang'anUniversity,NorthwestAgricultureandForestryUniversity,ShaanxiNormalUniversity

Gansu

LanzhouUniversity

Qinghai

QinghaiUniversity(Ministry-provincialcooperationandjointconstructionofcollegesanduniversities)

Ningxia

NingxiaUniversity(Ministry-provincialcooperationandjointconstructionofcollegesanduniversities)

Xinjiang

XinjiangUniversity(Ministry-provincialcooperationandjointconstructionofcollegesanduniversities)

ShiheziUniversity(Ministry-provinceCooperatetobuilduniversities)

MinistryofIndustryandInformationTechnologyofthePeople’sRepublicofChina

Beijing

BeijingUniversityofAeronauticsandAstronautics,BeijingInstituteofTechnology

Heilongjiang

HarbinInstituteofTechnology,HarbinEngineeringUniversity

Jiangsu

NanjingUniversityofAeronauticsandAstronautics,NanjingUniversityofScienceandTechnology

Shaanxi

NorthwesternPolytechnicalUniversity

NationalEthnicAffairsCommission

Beijing

CentralUniversityforNationalities

Hubei

South-CentralUniversityforNationalities

Sichuan

SouthwestUniversityforNationalities

Gansu

NorthwestNationalitiesUniversity

Ningxia

NorthernUniversityforNationalities

Liaoning

DalianNationalitiesUniversity

TheMinistryofPublicSecurityofthePeople’sRepublicofChina

Beijing

ChinesePeople’sPublicSecurityUniversity

Hebei

ChinesePeople’sPoliceUniversity

Liaoning

ChinaCriminalPoliceAcademy

Jiangsu

NanjingForestPoliceAcademy

Henan

RailwayPoliceAcademy

MinistryofTransportofthePeople'sRepublicofChina

Liaoning

DalianMaritimeUniversity

Beijing

ChinaCivilAviationManagementAcademy(Adultcollegesanduniversities)

CivilAviationAdministrationofChina

Tianjin

CivilAviationUniversityofChina

Sichuan

ChinaCivilAviationFlightAcademy

Beijing

CivilAviationManagementInstituteofChina(adultcollege)

MinistryofForeignAffairsofthePeople’sRepublicofChina

Beijing

DiplomacyCollege

ChinaMinistryofJusticeofthePeople’sRepublicofChina

Hebei

CentralJudicialPoliceAcademy

TheMinistryofEmergencyManagementofthePeople’sRepublicofChina

Beijing

ChinaFireandRescueAcademy

Hebei

td>

NorthChinaInstituteofScienceandTechnology

Yunnan

PublicSecurityandFireForcesTechnicalCollege

NationalHealthCommission

p>

Beijing

PekingUnionMedicalCollege

AffiliatedtoagenciesdirectlyundertheStateCouncil

GeneralAdministrationofCustomsofthePeople'sRepublicofChina

Shanghai

ShanghaiCustomsCollege

Hebei

ChinaCustomsManagementCadreCollege(adultcollege)

TheGeneralAdministrationofSportsofthePeople’sRepublicofChina

Beijing

BeijingSportUniversity

PublicunitsdirectlyundertheStateCouncil

ChineseAcademyofSciences

Beijing

UniversityofChineseAcademyofSciences

Anhui

UniversityofScienceandTechnologyofChina

Sichuan

ChengduBranchofChineseAcademyofSciencesWorkersCollege(adultcollege)

ChineseAcademyofSocialSciences

Beijing

UniversityofChineseAcademyofSocialSciences

ChinaAcademyofEngineeringPhysics

Beijing

GraduateSchoolofChinaAcademyofEngineeringPhysics

ChinaEarthquakeAdministration

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Hebei

SchoolofDisasterPreventionTechnology

OrganizationsdirectlyundertheCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChina

GeneralOfficeoftheCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChina

Beijing

BeijingElectronicScienceandTechnologyInstitute

Beijing

BeijingElectronicScienceandTechnologyInstitute

TheUnitedFrontWorkDepartmentoftheCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChina

Fujian

HuaqiaoUniversity

Guangdong

JinanUniversity

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CPCCentralPartySchool

Beijing

CentralPartySchoolContinuingEducationCollege(adulthigherschool)

CentralMilitaryCommission

TheCentralMilitaryCommissionoftheCommunistPartyofChina

Beijing

NationalDefenseUniversityofChinesePeople'sLiberationArmy

Hunan

NationalUniversityofDefenseTechnologyofthePeople’sLiberationArmy

SupremeLawandSupremeProsecution

TheSupremePeople’sCourtofthePeople’sRepublicofChina

Beijing

NationalAcademyofJudges(adulthigherschool)

TheSupremePeople’sProcuratorateofthePeople’sRepublicofChina

Beijing

NationalPublicProsecutorsCollege(adultcollege)

Belongingtoothercentralunits

AllChinaFederationofTradeUnions

Beijing

ChinaInstituteofLaborRelations

ChineseCommunistYouthLeague

Beijing

ChinaYouthUniversityforPoliticalSciences

AllChinaWomen’sFederation

Beijing

ChinaWomen’sCollege

AllChinaAssociationofJournalists

Beijing

ChinaJournalistAssociationStaffJournalismCollege(adultcollege)

Source:

ProvincialandMinistryCo-constructedUniversities

ThejointconstructionofuniversitiesbyprovincesandministriesreferstothejointconstructionofuniversitiesbyrelevantministriesandcommissionsoftheStateCouncil(MinistryofEducationandothernationalministries)andrelevantprovinces,municipalitiesandautonomousregions.Therearefourmaincategories:

First,theMinistryofEducationandlocalgovernmentsjointlybuildfirst-classuniversitiestobuildfirst-classandinternationallyrenownedhigh-leveluniversitiesinChina.Thecentralministriesandcommissionsencouragelocalgovernmentstosupportthedevelopmentofrelevantuniversities.Planning.

Secondly,someoftheindustry-specificfirst-classdiscipline-buildinguniversitieswithhighlevelsinvariousindustrieshavebeenjointlybuiltbytheMinistryofEducationandvariousindustrydepartments.Theco-constructionworkaimstoguidethesecharacteristicuniversitiestoexpandsocialcooperation,strengthensocialservices,buildamorestableandlastingcooperativerelationshipbetweenallpartiesintheco-construction,andgiveplaytotheimportantroleofco-constructionintheconstructionofhigh-leveluniversities.

Thethirdisthatsomestrongprovincialuniversitieshavebeenjointlyestablishedbythelocalgovernment,theMinistryofEducationandotherministriesandcommissionstoexpanddevelopmentfundingandresources,andbuildanationwidestrongcomprehensivestrengthandhighschoolrunninglevel.High-leveluniversitieswithacertaindegreeofinfluencethroughoutthecountry.Tothisend,theMinistryofEducationestablishedtheMinistryofEducationandtheMinistryofEducationCo-constructionWorkResearchCenterunderthedirectleadershipoftheUniversityWorkOfficedirectlyundertheMinistryofEducation,basedonthejointconstructionoftheMinistryofEducation.Inaddition,theMinistryofEducationalsoabsorbedthesecollegesanduniversitiestoparticipateinsomemeetingsofcollegesanduniversitiesdirectlyundertheMinistryofEducation.

FourthisaprovincialuniversitythatthelocalgovernmentandothernationalministriesandcommissionsotherthantheMinistryofEducationhavejointlyestablished.Thesecollegesanduniversitieshavestrongfacultyandscientificresearchfoundationinoneormoreindustryfields.Variousministriesandcommissionsstrengthentheirsupportforthesecollegesanduniversities.Theministriesandcommissionsandlocalprovincesandcitiessignprovincialandministerialco-constructionagreementstoactivelydevelopstrongdisciplinesandimprovecomprehensiveStrength,buildanumberofhigh-leveluniversitieswithgreatinfluenceintheindustry.

ListofuniversitiesjointlyestablishedbyprovincesandministriesFordetails,pleaserefertouniversitiesjointlyestablishedbyprovincesandministries

Statistics

SituationofSchoolStudents

In1980,thenumberofhighereducationinstitutionsnationwidereached675,anincreaseof42overthepreviousyear;thenumberofstudentsatschoolwas1.144million,anincreaseof124,000overthepreviousyear.Amongthem,281,000newstudentswereenrolledthatyear(includingtheexpansionoflocalenrollment),anincreaseof6,000overthepreviousyear.

In1981,therewere1.28millionstudentsinregularcollegesanduniversities,anincreaseof136,000overthepreviousyear;regularcollegesanduniversitiesenrolled279,000students.

In1982,regularcollegesanduniversitiesenrolled315,000students,anincreaseof36,000overthepreviousyear;therewere1.154millionstudentsatschool,adecreaseof125,000overthepreviousyear.457,000graduated,anincreaseof317,000overthepreviousyear.Thisisbecausethefour-yearstudentswhoenrolledinthespringandautumnof1978graduatedin1982atthesametime.

In1983,ordinaryhighereducationschoolsenrolled391,000students,anincreaseof76,000overthepreviousyear;therewere1.207millionstudentsatschool,anincreaseof53,000overthepreviousyear.Sincethefour-yearstudentsenrolledinthespringandautumnof1978graduatedsimultaneouslyin1982,335,000graduatedin1983,adecreaseof122,000fromthepreviousyear.

In1984,ordinarycollegesanduniversitiesenrolled475,000undergraduateandjuniorcollegestudents,anincreaseof84,000overthepreviousyear;thenumberofstudentswas1.396million,anincreaseof189,000overthepreviousyear;and287,000graduates.

In1985,ordinarycollegesanduniversitiesenrolled619,000undergraduateandjuniorcollegestudents,anincreaseof144,000overthepreviousyear;thenumberofstudentswas1.703million,anincreaseof307,000overthepreviousyear;316,000graduates.

In1986,ordinarycollegesanduniversitiesenrolled572,000undergraduateandjuniorcollegestudents;1.88millionstudentswereenrolled,anincreaseof177,000overthepreviousyear.

In1987,ordinarycollegesanduniversitiesenrolled617,000undergraduateandjuniorcollegestudentsand1.959millionstudents,anincreaseof4.2%overthepreviousyear.

In1988,ordinarycollegesanduniversitiesenrolled670,000undergraduateandjuniorcollegestudents,and2.066millionstudentswereenrolled,anincreaseof5.5%overthepreviousyear.

In1989,ordinarycollegesanduniversitiesenrolled597,000undergraduateandjuniorcollegestudents,adecreaseof10.8%overthepreviousyear;thenumberofstudentsatschoolwas2.082million,anincreaseof0.8%.

In1990,ordinarycollegesanduniversitiesenrolled609,000undergraduateandjuniorcollegestudents,anincreaseof2%overthepreviousyear;thenumberofstudentsatschoolwas2.063million,adecreaseof0.9%.

In1991,ordinarycollegesanduniversitiesenrolled620,000undergraduateandjuniorcollegestudents,anincreaseof1.8%overthepreviousyear;thenumberofstudentsatschoolwas2.044million,aslightdecreaseoverthepreviousyear.

In1991,320long-termprofessionalsitesacrossthecountrysuspendedenrollment,andenrollmentratiosforengineering,medicine,andfinanceincreased.

In1992,ordinarycollegesanduniversitiesenrolled754,000undergraduateandjuniorcollegestudents,anincreaseof21.7%;thenumberofstudentsatschoolwas2.184million,anincreaseof140,000.

In1993,ordinarycollegesanduniversitiesenrolled924,000undergraduateandjuniorcollegestudents,anincreaseof22.5%;thenumberofstudentsatschoolwas2.536million,anincreaseof351,000.

In1994,ordinarycollegesanduniversitiesenrolled900,000undergraduateandjuniorcollegestudents,down2.6%;thenumberofstudentsatschoolwas2.799million,anincreaseof264,000.

In1995,theadjustmentofthelayoutofcollegesanduniversitiesachievedobviousresults.Attheendoftheyear,therewere1054ordinarycollegesanduniversities,adecreasefromthepreviousyear.Theenrollmentofhighereducationinstitutionshasdevelopedsteadily.Regularhighereducationinstitutionsenrolled926,000students,anincreaseof26,000overthepreviousyear,with2.906millionstudents.

In1996,therewere1032regularcollegesanduniversitiesattheendoftheyear,22lessthanthepreviousyear.Regularcollegesanduniversitiesenrolled966,000students,anincreaseof40,000overthepreviousyear,with3.02millionstudents.

In1997,therewere1,020generalcollegesanduniversitiesnationwide,enrolling1millionstudentsand3.17millionstudents.

Attheendof1998,therewere1,022generalcollegesanduniversitiesnationwide,withanenrollmentof1.08millionstudentsand3.41millionstudents.

In1999,regularcollegesanduniversitiesenrolled1.6millionstudents,anincreaseof510,000overthepreviousyear,with4.13millionstudents.

In2000,therewere1041generalcollegesanduniversitiesnationwide,with2.21millionstudentsenrolledinundergraduatesandjuniorcolleges,and5.56millionstudents.

In2000,thegoalofbasicallyuniversalizingnine-yearcompulsoryeducationandbasicallyeradicatingilliteracyamongyoungandmiddle-agedpeoplewasinitiallyachieved.Thepopulationcoveragerateofuniversalnine-yearcompulsoryeducationhasreached85%,andtheilliteracyrateofyoungandmiddle-agedpeoplehasdroppedtolessthan5%.

In2008,thegeneralhighereducationenrollmentwas6.077million,andtheenrollmentwas20.210million(girlsaccountedfor49.86%).

In2009,generalhighereducationenrolled6.29millionstudentsand21.49millionstudentswereenrolledinschool.Amongthem,11042207aregeneralundergraduatesand9168042aregeneraljuniorcollegestudents.Thereareatotalof1,699,140full-timeteachersandhiredoff-campusteachers.Thereare106,870foreignstudentsintheschool,and71,294studentsareenrolled.

In2010,thegeneralhighereducationprogramenrolled6.57millionstudents.

In2010,thegeneralundergraduateandhighervocational(technical)enrollmentwas6.618million,anincreaseof223,000overthepreviousyear,anincreaseof3.5%;amongthem,thegeneralundergraduateenrollmentwas3.513million,anincreaseof7.7%overthepreviousyear;Theenrollmentofgeneralcollegeswas3.105million,adecreaseof0.9%overthepreviousyear.Theundergraduateandjuniorcollegeenrollmentratiowasadjustedfrom51:49to53.1:46.9,andtheproportionofundergraduatesincreasedby2.1%.

In2010,theadultcollegeenrollmentwas2.084million,anincreaseof69,000or3.4%overthepreviousyear.

In2013,611,000graduatestudentsenrolled,1.794milliongraduatestudents,and514,000graduates.Thegeneralundergraduateandjuniorcollegeenrolled6.998millionstudents,24.681millionstudentsand6.387milliongraduates.

In2014,thepostgraduateenrollmentwas621,000,including1.848millionpostgraduatestudents,and536,000graduates.Thegeneralundergraduateandjuniorcollegeenrolled7.214millionstudents,enrolled25.477millionstudentsand6.594milliongraduates.

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