Introduction
China'sfamousuniversities(2photos)
Itisthecollectivenameofuniversities,colleges,independentcolleges,highervocationaltechnicalcolleges,highervocationaltechnicalcolleges,andtechnicalcolleges,referredtoascollegesanduniversities.Intermsofacademicqualificationsandtraininglevels,itincludescollege,undergraduate,master,anddoctoralstudents.Amongthem,universitiesgenerallyrefertocomprehensivegeneralhighereducationinstitutions.Collegesincludemedicalschools,engineeringschools,businessschools,normalschools,youthpoliticalschools,managementschools,agriculturalschools,politicalsciencesandlawschools,policeschools,tourismschools,operaschools,andmusicschools.,TransportationCollege,AcademyofFineArts,andhighervocationalcolleges,includingvocationalandtechnicalcolleges,vocationalcolleges,andtechnicalcolleges.
AsofJune15,2019,therewere2,956collegesanduniversitiesnationwide,including2,688regularcolleges(including257independentcolleges)and268adultcolleges.
Classificationofschools
Basedonthenatureofcollegesanduniversities,Chinesecollegesanduniversitiesaremainlydividedintotwocategories:
HighSchools | GeneralHighSchools | Postgraduates Undergraduatelevel | ××University ××College ××University××College(IndependentCollege) p>xxVocationalandTechnicalUniversity |
Collegelevel | ××VocationalCollege ××VocationalTechnicalCollege ××VocationalCollege | ||
AdultHigherSchool | ××BroadcastingandTelevisionUniversity ××WorkersCollege ××AmateurUniversity ××WorkersMedicalCollege ××ManagementCadreCollege ××CollegeofEducation |
Generalcollegesanduniversitiesaredividedintotypes:comprehensive,normal,engineering,agriculture,agricultureandforestry,Medicine,forestry,language,financeandeconomics,politicsandlaw,sports,art,nationality.
OrdinaryHigherEducationInstitutions
Inthecourseofundergraduateeducation,ordinaryeducationisaconceptcorrespondingtoadulteducation.Thedifferencebetweenthetwoismainlyintheeducationalobjectsandlearningforms.Thetargetofgeneraleducationinthejuniorcollegeismainlyyoungpeopleinthegrowingstage,andadoptsfull-timeteaching;thetargetofadulteducationisadults,asthenamesuggests,andgenerallyadoptsadult,amateur,correspondence,openuniversityandotherformsofteaching.
Inthepostgraduateeducationstage,itreferstothepostgraduateeducationoffull-timeorpart-timegeneralpostgraduatesenrolledthroughtheunifiednationalenrollmentexaminationformastersordoctoralstudents.Itisdividedintopostgraduatesanddoctoralstudents,accordingtothedegreeThetypesaredividedintoacademicpostgraduatesandprofessionalpostgraduates.Thestudyformsaredividedintofull-timeandgeneralpart-time,bothofwhicharegeneralhighereducation.
Generalhighereducationintheundergraduateeducationstagereferstoundergraduateeducationthatmainlyrecruitshighschoolgraduatesforfull-timestudy,includinggeneralhighervocationalschoolsandtechnicalcolleges,generalhighereducationschools(universitycolleges)anduniversitiesTheundergraduatedegreeisrelativelyspeakingwiththeundergraduateandjuniorcollegeeducationintheformofadulthighereducationsuchascorrespondencecourses,nightcolleges,andworkercollegesthatrecruitin-serviceemployeeswhileworkingandstudying.
Inthepostgraduateeducationstage,itreferstothepostgraduateeducationoffull-timeorpart-timegeneralpostgraduatesenrolledthroughthenationalunifiedentranceexaminationformaster'sordoctoralstudents.
Ordinaryinstitutionsofhigherlearningrefertoinstitutionsofhigherlearningthatareapprovedorfiledbythenationaleducationadministrativedepartmentandfocusontheimplementationofordinaryhighereducation.Theyaredividedintoundergraduatelevelandjuniorcollegelevel.Thenameoftheordinarycollegesanduniversitiesattheundergraduateandgraduatelevelis"××University"or"××College",andthenameoftheindependentcollegeis"××University(College)××College".Thenamesofordinarycollegesanduniversitiesatthejuniorcollegelevelare“××VocationalSchool”,“××VocationalCollege”,“××VocationalTechnicalCollege”or“××VocationalCollege”.
Themainformsofschoolrunningaregeneralcollegesandgeneralundergraduates.Later,generaleducationformssuchasthefive-yearconsistentsystemandthethree-twosegmentedsystematthestartingpointofjuniorhighschoolhavebeenadded.Thefive-yearconsistentsystemisundertakenbyhighervocationalcollegesortechnicalcolleges.Thethree-twosegmentedsystemisundertakenbysecondaryprofessionalschoolsforthefirstthreeyears,andthesecondyearentersthejuniorcollegestage,whichisundertakenbytheaffiliatedhighervocationalcollegesortechnicalcolleges.Generalundergraduatecoursesareheldbyuniversities,undergraduatecollegesandindependentcolleges,whilejuniorcollegesaremainlyheldbyvocationaltechnicalcollegesandtechnicalcolleges.Universities,undergraduatecollegesandindependentcollegesalsoundertakesomeprofessionaltrainingtasks.Highervocationalcollegesandtechnicalcollegesdonothavethequalificationstoissueordinaryundergraduatecertificates.
VocationalColleges
InDecember2019,the"RevisionDraftoftheVocationalEducationLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina"wasreleased,andtheconceptof"highervocationalschools"wasrevisedtobethesameasthatof"ordinarycollegesanduniversities".Parallel"vocationalcolleges".Undergraduate-levelvocationalschoolsarejustonelevelofvocationalcollegesanduniversities,andarethehighestlevelinthecurrentvocationalhighereducationsystem.
AdultHigherSchools
AdultHigherSchoolsrefertogeneralseniorhighschoolsthatareapprovedtobeheldinaccordancewiththesettingstandardsandapprovalproceduresprescribedbythestate,andhavepassedthenationaladulthigherschoolentranceexamination(adultcollegeentranceexamination).Orin-serviceemployeeswithequivalentacademicqualificationsarethemaintrainingtargets,andschoolsthatimplementhighereducationforthembymeansofcorrespondence,part-time,full-timeandotherforms.Highereducationself-studyexaminationisaformofadulthighereducation.
Including:RadioandTelevisionUniversity,WorkersCollege,Spare-timeUniversity,WorkersMedicalCollege,ManagementCadreCollege,EducationCollege,Adult(Continuing)EducationCollegeofordinaryuniversities,etc.
Note:The"GraduationCertificate"ofadultcollegesanduniversitieswillbemarkedwiththewords"correspondence,amateur,full-time,onlineeducation".
KeyUniversities
"DoubleFirstClass"ConstructionofUniversities
World-classuniversitiesandfirst-classdisciplineconstruction,referredtoas"DoubleFirstClass",tobuildworld-classuniversitiesandfirst-classdisciplinesItisamajorstrategicdecisionmadebytheCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChinaandtheStateCouncilofthePeople’sRepublicofChina.Competitivenessprovidesstrongsupportfortherealizationofthe"twocentenary"goalsandtheChinesedreamofthegreatrejuvenationoftheChinesenation.
OnAugust18,2015,theCentralLeadingGroupMeetingforComprehensivelyDeepeningReformsreviewedandapprovedthe"OverallPlanforPromotingtheConstructionofWorld-ClassUniversitiesandFirst-ClassDisciplines",makingnewarrangementsforthekeyconstructionofhighereducationinthenewera.Keyconstructionprojectssuchas"211Project","985Project"and"AdvancedDisciplineInnovationPlatform"wereunifiedintotheconstructionofworld-classuniversitiesandfirst-classdisciplines,andwereissuedbytheStateCouncilinNovemberofthesameyear,anddecidedtocoordinatethepromotionoftheconstructionofworld-classuniversitiesandfirst-classdisciplines.;InJanuary2017,withtheapprovaloftheStateCouncil,theMinistryofEducation,theMinistryofFinance,andtheNationalDevelopmentandReformCommissionissuedthe"ImplementationMeasuresforCoordinatingandPromotingtheConstructionofWorld-ClassUniversitiesandFirst-ClassDisciplines(Interim)".
OnSeptember21,2017,theMinistryofEducation,theMinistryofFinance,andtheNationalDevelopmentandReformCommissionjointlyissuedthe"NoticeonAnnouncementoftheListofWorld-ClassUniversities,First-ClassDisciplineConstructionUniversitiesandConstructionDisciplines",officiallyconfirmingthepublicationoftheworld-classuniversitiesThelistofuniversitiesandfirst-classdisciplineconstructionuniversitiesanddisciplines,thefirstbatchofdouble-classconstructionuniversitiestotals140,ofwhich42areworld-classuniversityconstructionuniversities(36areincategoryA,6arecategoryB),and98areworld-classdisciplineconstructionuniversities;Atotalof465first-classconstructiondisciplines(including44self-defineddisciplines).
OnOctober18,2017,ComradeXiJinpingpointedoutinthereportofthe19thNationalCongressoftheCommunistPartyofChinathattheconstructionoffirst-classuniversitiesandfirst-classdisciplinesshouldbeaccelerated.
ListofDoubleFirst-ClassUniversities
PekingUniversity | RenminUniversityofChina | TsinghuaUniversity | BeijingUniversityofAeronauticsandAstronautics | BeijingInstituteofTechnology |
ChinaAgriculturalUniversity | BeijingNormalUniversity | CentralUniversityforNationalities | NankaiUniversity | TianjinUniversity |
DalianUniversityofTechnology | JilinUniversity | HarbinInstituteofTechnology | FudanUniversity | TongjiUniversity |
ShanghaiJiaotongUniversity | EastChinaNormalUniversity | NanjingUniversity | SoutheastUniversity | ZhejiangUniversity |
UniversityofScienceandTechnologyofChina | XiamenUniversity | ShandongUniversity | OceanUniversityofChina | WuhanUniversity |
HuazhongUniversityofScienceandTechnology | CentralSouthUniversity | SunYat-senUniversity | SouthChinaUniversityofTechnology | SichuanUniversity |
ChongqingUniversity | UniversityofElectronicScienceandTechnologyofChina | Xi’anJiaotongUniversity | NorthwesternPolytechnicalUniversity | LanzhouUniversity |
ChinesePeople'sLiberationArmyNationalUniversityofDefenseTechnology | - | - | - | - |
NortheasternUniversity | ZhengzhouUniversity | HunanUniversity | YunnanUniversity | NorthwestA&FUniversity |
XinjiangUniversity | - | - | - | - |
BeijingJiaotongUniversity | BeijingUniversityofTechnology | BeijingUniversityofScienceandTechnology | BeijingUniversityofChemicalTechnology | BeijingUniversityofPostsandTelecommunications |
BeijingForestryUniversity | BeijingUnionMedicalCollege | BeijingUniversityofTraditionalChineseMedicine | CapitalNormalUniversity | BeijingForeignStudiesUniversity |
CommunicationUniversityofChina | CentralUniversityofFinanceandEconomics | UniversityofInternationalBusinessandEconomics | DiplomaticAcademy | ChinesePeople’sPublicSecurityUniversity |
BeijingSportUniversity | CentralConservatoryofMusic | ChinaConservatoryofMusic | CentralAcademyofFineArts | CentralAcademyofDrama |
ChinaUniversityofPoliticalScienceandLaw | TianjinUniversityofTechnology | TianjinMedicalUniversity | TianjinUniversityofTraditionalChineseMedicine | NorthChinaElectricPowerUniversity |
HebeiUniversityofTechnology | TaiyuanUniversityofTechnology | InnerMongoliaUniversity | LiaoningUniversity | DalianMaritimeUniversity |
YanbianUniversity | NortheastNormalUniversity | HarbinEngineeringUniversity | NortheastAgriculturalUniversity | NortheastForestryUniversity |
EastChinaUniversityofScienceandTechnology | DonghuaUniversity | ShanghaiOceanUniversity | ShanghaiUniversityofTraditionalChineseMedicine | ShanghaiInternationalStudiesUniversity |
ShanghaiUniversityofFinanceandEconomics | ShanghaiInstituteofPhysicalEducation | ShanghaiConservatoryofMusic | ShanghaiUniversity | SuzhouUniversity |
NanjingUniversityofAeronauticsandAstronautics | NanjingUniversityofScienceandTechnology | ChinaUniversityofMiningandTechnology | NanjingUniversityofPostsandTelecommunications | HohaiUniversity |
JiangnanUniversity | NanjingForestryUniversity | NanjingUniversityofInformationTechnology p> | NanjingAgriculturalUniversity | NanjingUniversityofTraditionalChineseMedicine |
ChinaPharmaceuticalUniversity | NanjingNormalUniversity | ChinaAcademyofArt | AnhuiUniversity | HefeiUniversityofTechnology |
FuzhouUniversity | NanchangUniversity | HenanUniversity | ChinaUniversityofGeosciences(Wuhan) | WuhanUniversityofTechnology |
HuazhongAgriculturalUniversity p> | CentralChinaNormalUniversity | ZhongnanUniversityofEconomicsandLaw | HunanNormalUniversity | JinanUniversity |
GuangzhouUniversityofChineseMedicine | SouthChinaNormalUniversity | HainanUniversity | GuangxiUniversity | SouthwestJiaotongUniversity |
SouthwestPetroleumUniversity | ChengduUniversityofTechnology | SichuanAgriculturalUniversity | ChengduUniversityofTraditionalChineseMedicine p> | SouthwestUniversity |
SouthwestUniversityofFinanceandEconomics p> | GuizhouUniversity | TibetUniversity | NorthwestUniversity | XidianUniversity |
Chang'anUniversity | ShaanxiNormalUniversity | QinghaiUniversity | NingxiaUniversity | ShiheziUniversity |
ChinaUniversityofPetroleum(EastChina) | NingboUniversity | UniversityofChineseAcademyofSciences | ChinesePeople’sLiberationArmyNavalMedicalUniversity | People'sLiberationArmyAirForceMilitaryMedicalUniversity |
ChinaUniversityofGeosciences(Beijing) | ChinaUniversityofMiningandTechnology(Beijing) | ChinaUniversityofPetroleum(Beijing) | - | - |
Note:TheorderofthelistissubjecttothedocumentsoftheMinistryofEducationofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.
Listofregionaldistributionofdoublefirst-classuniversities
Beijing | PekingUniversity | BeijingJiaotongUniversity | 33 |
RenminUniversityofChina | BeijingUniversityofTechnology | ||
TsinghuaUniversity | UniversityofScienceandTechnologyBeijing | ||
BeijingUniversityofAeronauticsandAstronautics | BeijingUniversityofChemicalTechnology | ||
BeijingInstituteofTechnology | BeijingUniversityofPostsandTelecommunications | ||
ChinaAgriculturalUniversity | BeijingForestryUniversity p> | ||
BeijingNormalUniversity | PekingUnionMedicalCollege | ||
CentralUniversityforNationalities | BeijingCentralMedicalUniversity | ||
- | CapitalNormalUniversity | ||
BeijingForeignStudiesUniversity | |||
CommunicationUniversityofChina | |||
CentralUniversityofFinanceandEconomics | |||
UniversityofInternationalBusinessandEconomics | |||
ChinaForeignAffairsUniversity | |||
ChinesePeople’sPublicSecurityUniversity | |||
BeijingSportUniversity | |||
CentralConservatoryofMusic | |||
ChinaConservatoryofMusic | |||
CentralAcademyofFineArts | |||
CentralAcademyofDrama | |||
ChinaUniversityofPoliticalScienceandLaw | |||
UniversityofChineseAcademyofSciences | |||
ChinaUniversityofPetroleum(Beijing) | |||
ChinaUniversityofGeosciences(Beijing) | |||
ChinaUniversityofMiningandTechnology(Beijing) | |||
Jiangsu | NanjingUniversity | SuzhouUniversity | 15 |
SoutheastUniversity | NanjingUniversityofAeronauticsandAstronautics | ||
- | NanjingUniversityofScienceandTechnology | ||
ChinaUniversityofMiningandTechnology | |||
NanjingUniversityofPostsandTelecommunications | |||
HohaiUniversity | |||
JiangnanUniversity | |||
NanjingForestryUniversity | |||
NanjingUniversityofInformationTechnology | |||
NanjingAgriculturalUniversity | |||
NanjingUniversityofTraditionalChineseMedicine | |||
ChinaPharmaceuticalUniversity p> | |||
NanjingNormalUniversity | |||
Shanghai | FudanUniversity | EastChinaUniversityofScienceandTechnology | 14 |
TongjiUniversity | DonghuaUniversity | ||
ShanghaiJiaotongUniversity | ShanghaiOceanUniversity | ||
EastChinaNormalUniversity | ShanghaiUniversityofTraditionalChineseMedicine | ||
- | ShanghaiInternationalStudiesUniversity | ||
ShanghaiUniversityofFinanceandEconomics | |||
ShanghaiInstituteofPhysicalEducation | |||
ShanghaiConservatoryofMusic | |||
ShanghaiUniversity | |||
NavyMedicalOfficeroftheChinesePeople’sLiberationArmyUniversity | |||
Sichuan | SichuanUniversity | SouthwestJiaotongUniversity | 8 |
UniversityofElectronicScienceandTechnologyofChina | SouthwestPetroleumUniversity | ||
- | ChengduUniversityofTechnology | ||
SichuanAgriculturalUniversity | |||
ChengduUniversityofTraditionalChineseMedicine | |||
SouthwesternUniversityofFinanceandEconomics | |||
Shaanxi | Xi’anJiaotongUniversity | NorthwestUniversity | 8 |
NorthwesternPolytechnicalUniversity | XidianUniversity | ||
NorthwestA&FUniversity | Chang'anUniversity | ||
- | ShaanxiNormalUniversity | ||
ChinesePeople’sLiberationArmyAirForceMilitaryMedicalUniversity | |||
Hubei | WuhanUniversity | ChinaUniversityofGeosciences | 7 |
HuazhongUniversityofScienceandTechnology | WuhanUniversityofTechnology | ||
- | HuazhongAgriculturalUniversity | ||
HuazhongNormalUniversity | |||
ZhongnanUniversityofEconomicsandLaw | |||
Tianjin | NankaiUniversity | TianjinUniversityofTechnology | 5 |
TianjinUniversity | TianjinMedicalUniversity | ||
- | TianjinUniversityofTraditionalChineseMedicine | ||
Guangdong | SunYat-senUniversity | JinanUniversity | 5 |
SouthChinaUniversityofTechnology | GuangzhouUniversityofChineseMedicine | ||
- | SouthChinaNormalUniversity | ||
Liaoning | DalianUniversityofTechnology | LiaoningUniversity | 4 |
NortheasternUniversity | DalianMaritimeUniversity | ||
Heilongjiang | HarbinInstituteofTechnology | HarbinEngineeringUniversity | 4 |
- | NortheastAgriculturalUniversity | ||
NortheastForestryUniversity | |||
Hunan | CentralSouthUniversity | HunanNormalUniversity | 4 |
NationalUniversityofDefenseTechnologyofthePeople’sLiberationArmy | |||
HunanUniversity | |||
Shandong | ShandongUniversity | ChinaUniversityofPetroleum | 3 |
OceanUniversityofChina | |||
Jilin | JilinUniversity | YanbianUniversity | 3 |
- | NortheastNormalUniversity | ||
Anhui | UniversityofScienceandTechnologyofChina | AnhuiUniversity | 3 |
- | HefeiUniversityofTechnology | ||
Zhejiang | ZhejiangUniversity | NingboUniversity | 3 |
- | ChinaAcademyofArt | ||
Chongqing | ChongqingUniversity | SouthwestUniversity | 2 |
Fujian | XiamenUniversity | FuzhouUniversity | 2 |
Henan | ZhengzhouUniversity | HenanUniversity | 2 |
Xinjiang | XinjiangUniversity | ShiheziUniversity | 2 |
Hebei | - | NorthChinaElectricPowerUniversity | 2 |
HebeiUniversityofTechnology | |||
Yunnan | YunnanUniversity | - | 1 |
Gansu p> | LanzhouUniversity | - | 1 |
Shanxi | - | TaiyuanUniversityofTechnology | 1 |
Jiangxi | - | NanchangUniversity | 1 |
Hainan | - | HainanUniversity | 1 |
Guizhou | - | GuizhouUniversity | 1 |
Qinghai | - | QinghaiUniversity | 1 |
Ningxia | - | NingxiaUniversity | 1 |
InnerMongolia | - | InnerMongoliaUniversity | 1 |
Guangxi | - | GuangxiUniversity | 1 |
Tibet | - | TibetUniversity | 1 |
Note:ThelistissortedaccordingtothedocumentsoftheMinistryofEducationofthePeople’sRepublicofChinaPrevail.
Theoriginal"Project211"collegesanduniversities
Project211isaconstructionprojectforthekeyconstructionofabout100collegesanduniversitiesandanumberofkeydisciplinesinthe21stcentury.ItwasapprovedbytheStateCouncilin1995.Officiallylaunchedafterapproval.AsofMarch31,2011,atotalof115collegesanduniversitieshavebeenshortlistedforthe"211Project".
Theoriginal"985Project"collegesanduniversities
The985ProjectisahighereducationimplementedbytheStateCouncilofthePeople’sRepublicofChinatobuildseveralworld-classuniversitiesandagroupofinternationallyrenownedhigh-levelcomprehensiveuniversitiesconstructionproject.OnMay4,1998,PresidentJiangZemindeliveredaspeechattheCentennialAnniversaryofPekingUniversity,focusingontheconceptofbuildingaworld-classuniversityfromwhichthenameoftheprojectoriginated.Theprojectcovers39collegesanduniversities.
Theoriginal"985Platform"collegesanduniversities
The985ProjectAdvantageDisciplineInnovationPlatformProjectistheStateCouncilofthePeople’sRepublicofChinainordertobuildaninnovativecountryandacceleratethepromotionofsocialistmodernization.Itisthe"211Project"constructionandahigh-levelindustrycharacteristicuniversityaffiliatedtothecentralgovernmenttoimplementtheproject.Thereare39collegesanduniversitieswiththisconventionalplatform.
OnJune3,2016,theofficialwebsiteoftheMinistryofEducationissuedthe"Noticeonannouncingtheinvalidationofabatchofregulatorydocuments".ThenoticewasjointlyissuedbytheMinistryofEducation,theAcademicDegreesCommitteeoftheStateCouncilandtheNationalLanguageCommission.Abatchofnormativedocumentssuchasthe"OpinionsonContinuedImplementationofthe"985Project"ConstructionProject","The"985Project"ConstructionManagementMeasures","The"211Project"ConstructionImplementationManagementMeasures"andothernormativedocumentshavebecomeinvalidandnolongerserveasthebasisforadministrativemanagement.
Note:Therelevantdocumentsofthe211Projectandthe985Projecthaveexpiredandarenolongerusedasthebasisforadministrativemanagement.
"Plan2011"collegesanduniversities
The2011planistheinnovationcapabilityimprovementplanofcollegesanduniversities.ItisthethirdnationalstrategicprojectimplementedbytheStateCouncilofthePeople’sRepublicofChinainthehighereducationsystem.In2011,PresidentHuJintao'sspeechatthe100thAnniversaryofTsinghuaUniversityfirstproposedtheplan.Theplantakesasthecoretasktheimprovementofthetrinityoftalents,disciplines,andscientificresearchinnovationcapabilities.Throughtheconstructionoffourtypesofcollaborativeinnovationmodelsorientedtothefrontiersofscience,culturalinheritanceinnovation,industryandregionaldevelopment,andmajorneedsforregionaldevelopment,itwilldeepenthereformofcollegesanduniversities'mechanismandsystem,andtransformcollegesanduniversities'innovationmethods.,Aimingtobreakthroughthebarriersofinternalandexternalmechanismsincollegesanduniversities.
Thebasiccapacitybuildingprojectforuniversitiesinthecentralandwesternregions
Thebasiccapacitybuildingprojectforuniversitiesinthecentralandwesternregionsistorevitalizethehighereducationinthecentralandwesternregions,promotethecoordinateddevelopmentofhighereducationinChina,andeffectivelyimprovetheuniversitiesinthecentralandwesternregionsTheabilitytorunschoolsandimprovethequalityoftalenttraininghavegreatlyenhancedthestrengthofagroupofundergraduatecollegesanduniversitiesinthecentralandwesternregions.Theplanfocusesonsupportingthedevelopmentandconstructionof100localcollegesanduniversitiesin24provinces,autonomousregions,andmunicipalitiesinthecentralandwesternregions.The“project”startedin2012,organizedbytheNationalDevelopmentandReformCommissionandtheMinistryofEducationtosupportagroupofdistinctiveandpowerfulprovincial-ministerialorprovincialkeyuniversities.Itisanimportantpartoftheplanfortherevitalizationofhighereducationinthecentralandwesternregions.
Collegesanduniversitiesunderthecentralgovernment
CollegesanduniversitiesdirectlyunderthecentralgovernmentofthePeople’sRepublicofChina,referredtoas"universitiesunderthecentralgovernment",mainlyrefertotheAgroupofcollegesanduniversitiesaredirectlyunderthemanagementofthewholecountry,thepurposeistotakeastepforwardinexploringreforms,andtoplayademonstrativeandguidingroleinimprovingteaching,scientificresearchandsocialservices.
Theuniversitiesunderthecentralgovernmenthavebasicallycoverednationalkeyuniversitiesthathavebeenselectedfornationalstrategicprojectssuchas"DoubleFirst-Class","2011Plan",and"Ministry-provincialCooperationtoBuildUniversities".Theuniversitiesaffiliatedtothecentralgovernmentarethereforecalled"thepioneersandleadersofChineseuniversities."
BelongingtoministriesandcommissionsoftheStateCouncil | MinistryofEducationofthePeople’sRepublicofChina | Beijing | PekingUniversity,TsinghuaUniversityUniversity,RenminUniversityofChina,BeijingNormalUniversity,ChinaAgriculturalUniversity,BeijingForeignStudiesUniversity,BeijingLanguageandCultureUniversity,UniversityofScienceandTechnologyBeijing,BeijingUniversityofChemicalTechnology,BeijingJiaotongUniversity,BeijingUniversityofPostsandTelecommunications,ChinaUniversityofGeosciences(Beijing),ChinaUniversityofMiningandTechnology(Beijing)),ChinaUniversityofPetroleum(Beijing),BeijingForestryUniversity,CommunicationUniversityofChina,CentralUniversityofFinanceandEconomics,ChinaUniversityofPoliticalScienceandLaw,BeijingUniversityofChineseMedicine,UniversityofInternationalBusinessandEconomics,NorthChinaElectricPowerUniversity,SchoolofInternationalRelations,CentralConservatoryofMusic,CentralAcademyofFineArts,CentralAcademyofDrama,NationalOpenUniversity(adultcollege) |
Tianjin | NankaiUniversity,TianjinUniversity | ||
Hebei | HebeiUniversity(Ministry-provincialCooperationJointUniversity) | ||
Hainan | HainanUniversity(Ministry-provincialcooperationandjointconstructionofcollegesanduniversities) | ||
Shanxi | ShanxiUniversity(Ministry-provincialcooperationandjointconstructionofcollegesanduniversities) | ||
InnerMongolia | InnerMongoliaUniversity(Ministry-provincialcooperationtobuildauniversity) | ||
Liaoning | DalianUniversityofTechnology,NortheasternUniversity | ||
Jilin | JilinUniversity,NortheastNormalUniversity | ||
Heilongjiang | NortheastForestryUniversity | ||
Shanghai | FudanUniversity | ||
ShanghaiJiaotongUniversity | |||
TongjiUniversity | |||
EastChinaUniversityofScienceandTechnology | |||
DonghuaUniversity | |||
EastChinaNormalUniversity | |||
ShanghaiInternationalStudiesUniversity | |||
ShanghaiUniversityofFinanceandEconomics | |||
Jiangsu | NanjingUniversity,SoutheastUniversity,ChinaUniversityofMiningandTechnology,HohaiUniversity,NanjingAgriculturalUniversity,ChinaPharmaceuticalUniversity,JiangnanUniversity | ||
Zhejiang | ZhejiangUniversity | ||
Anhui | HefeiIndustryUniversity | ||
Fujian | XiamenUniversity | ||
Jiangxi | NanchangUniversity(MinistryofCooperatingtobuilduniversities) | ||
Shandong | ShandongUniversity,OceanUniversityofChina,ChinaUniversityofPetroleum(EastChina) | ||
Henan | ZhengzhouUniversity(MinistryCooperatetobuilduniversities) | ||
Hubei | WuhanUniversity,HuazhongUniversityofScienceandTechnology,ChinaUniversityofGeosciences(Wuhan),WuhanUniversityofTechnology,HuazhongAgriculturalUniversity,HuazhongNormalUniversity,ZhongnanUniversityofEconomicsandLaw | ||
Hunan | HunanUniversity,CentralSouthUniversity | ||
Guangdong | SunYat-senUniversity,SouthChinaUniversityofTechnology | ||
Guangxi | GuangxiUniversity(Ministry-provincialCooperationJointUniversity) | ||
Chongqing | ChongqingUniversity,SouthwestUniversity | ||
Sichuan | SichuanUniversity,UniversityofElectronicScienceandTechnology,SouthwestJiaotongUniversity,SouthwesternFinanceandEconomicsUniversity | ||
Guizhou | GuizhouUniversity(Ministryandprovincescooperatetobuilduniversities) | ||
Yunnan | YunnanUniversity(Ministry-provincialcooperationtobuilduniversities) | ||
Tibet | TibetUniversity(Ministry-provincialcooperationandjointconstructionofcollegesanduniversities) | ||
Shaanxi | Xi'anJiaotongUniversity,XidianUniversity,Chang'anUniversity,NorthwestAgricultureandForestryUniversity,ShaanxiNormalUniversity | ||
Gansu | LanzhouUniversity | ||
Qinghai | QinghaiUniversity(Ministry-provincialcooperationandjointconstructionofcollegesanduniversities) | ||
Ningxia | NingxiaUniversity(Ministry-provincialcooperationandjointconstructionofcollegesanduniversities) | ||
Xinjiang | XinjiangUniversity(Ministry-provincialcooperationandjointconstructionofcollegesanduniversities) | ||
ShiheziUniversity(Ministry-provinceCooperatetobuilduniversities) | |||
MinistryofIndustryandInformationTechnologyofthePeople’sRepublicofChina | Beijing | BeijingUniversityofAeronauticsandAstronautics,BeijingInstituteofTechnology | |
Heilongjiang | HarbinInstituteofTechnology,HarbinEngineeringUniversity | ||
Jiangsu | NanjingUniversityofAeronauticsandAstronautics,NanjingUniversityofScienceandTechnology | ||
Shaanxi | NorthwesternPolytechnicalUniversity | ||
NationalEthnicAffairsCommission | Beijing | CentralUniversityforNationalities | |
Hubei | South-CentralUniversityforNationalities | ||
Sichuan | SouthwestUniversityforNationalities | ||
Gansu | NorthwestNationalitiesUniversity | ||
Ningxia | NorthernUniversityforNationalities | ||
Liaoning | DalianNationalitiesUniversity | ||
TheMinistryofPublicSecurityofthePeople’sRepublicofChina | Beijing | ChinesePeople’sPublicSecurityUniversity | |
Hebei | ChinesePeople’sPoliceUniversity | ||
Liaoning | ChinaCriminalPoliceAcademy | ||
Jiangsu | NanjingForestPoliceAcademy | ||
Henan | RailwayPoliceAcademy | ||
MinistryofTransportofthePeople'sRepublicofChina | Liaoning | DalianMaritimeUniversity | |
Beijing | ChinaCivilAviationManagementAcademy(Adultcollegesanduniversities) | ||
CivilAviationAdministrationofChina | Tianjin | CivilAviationUniversityofChina | |
Sichuan | ChinaCivilAviationFlightAcademy | ||
Beijing | CivilAviationManagementInstituteofChina(adultcollege) | ||
MinistryofForeignAffairsofthePeople’sRepublicofChina | Beijing | DiplomacyCollege | |
ChinaMinistryofJusticeofthePeople’sRepublicofChina | Hebei | CentralJudicialPoliceAcademy | |
TheMinistryofEmergencyManagementofthePeople’sRepublicofChina | Beijing | ChinaFireandRescueAcademy | |
Hebei td> | NorthChinaInstituteofScienceandTechnology | ||
Yunnan | PublicSecurityandFireForcesTechnicalCollege | ||
NationalHealthCommission p> | Beijing | PekingUnionMedicalCollege | |
AffiliatedtoagenciesdirectlyundertheStateCouncil | GeneralAdministrationofCustomsofthePeople'sRepublicofChina | Shanghai | ShanghaiCustomsCollege |
Hebei | ChinaCustomsManagementCadreCollege(adultcollege) | ||
TheGeneralAdministrationofSportsofthePeople’sRepublicofChina | Beijing | BeijingSportUniversity | |
PublicunitsdirectlyundertheStateCouncil | ChineseAcademyofSciences | Beijing | UniversityofChineseAcademyofSciences |
Anhui | UniversityofScienceandTechnologyofChina | ||
Sichuan | ChengduBranchofChineseAcademyofSciencesWorkersCollege(adultcollege) | ||
ChineseAcademyofSocialSciences | Beijing | UniversityofChineseAcademyofSocialSciences | |
ChinaAcademyofEngineeringPhysics | Beijing | GraduateSchoolofChinaAcademyofEngineeringPhysics | |
ChinaEarthquakeAdministration p> | Hebei | SchoolofDisasterPreventionTechnology | |
OrganizationsdirectlyundertheCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChina | GeneralOfficeoftheCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChina | Beijing | BeijingElectronicScienceandTechnologyInstitute |
Beijing | BeijingElectronicScienceandTechnologyInstitute | ||
TheUnitedFrontWorkDepartmentoftheCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChina | Fujian | HuaqiaoUniversity | |
Guangdong | JinanUniversity p> | ||
CPCCentralPartySchool | Beijing | CentralPartySchoolContinuingEducationCollege(adulthigherschool) | |
CentralMilitaryCommission | TheCentralMilitaryCommissionoftheCommunistPartyofChina | Beijing | NationalDefenseUniversityofChinesePeople'sLiberationArmy |
Hunan | NationalUniversityofDefenseTechnologyofthePeople’sLiberationArmy | tr>||
SupremeLawandSupremeProsecution | TheSupremePeople’sCourtofthePeople’sRepublicofChina | Beijing | NationalAcademyofJudges(adulthigherschool) |
TheSupremePeople’sProcuratorateofthePeople’sRepublicofChina | Beijing | NationalPublicProsecutorsCollege(adultcollege) | |
Belongingtoothercentralunits | AllChinaFederationofTradeUnions | Beijing | ChinaInstituteofLaborRelations |
ChineseCommunistYouthLeague | Beijing | ChinaYouthUniversityforPoliticalSciences | |
AllChinaWomen’sFederation | Beijing | ChinaWomen’sCollege | |
AllChinaAssociationofJournalists | Beijing | ChinaJournalistAssociationStaffJournalismCollege(adultcollege) | |
Source: |
ProvincialandMinistryCo-constructedUniversities
ThejointconstructionofuniversitiesbyprovincesandministriesreferstothejointconstructionofuniversitiesbyrelevantministriesandcommissionsoftheStateCouncil(MinistryofEducationandothernationalministries)andrelevantprovinces,municipalitiesandautonomousregions.Therearefourmaincategories:
First,theMinistryofEducationandlocalgovernmentsjointlybuildfirst-classuniversitiestobuildfirst-classandinternationallyrenownedhigh-leveluniversitiesinChina.Thecentralministriesandcommissionsencouragelocalgovernmentstosupportthedevelopmentofrelevantuniversities.Planning.
Secondly,someoftheindustry-specificfirst-classdiscipline-buildinguniversitieswithhighlevelsinvariousindustrieshavebeenjointlybuiltbytheMinistryofEducationandvariousindustrydepartments.Theco-constructionworkaimstoguidethesecharacteristicuniversitiestoexpandsocialcooperation,strengthensocialservices,buildamorestableandlastingcooperativerelationshipbetweenallpartiesintheco-construction,andgiveplaytotheimportantroleofco-constructionintheconstructionofhigh-leveluniversities.
Thethirdisthatsomestrongprovincialuniversitieshavebeenjointlyestablishedbythelocalgovernment,theMinistryofEducationandotherministriesandcommissionstoexpanddevelopmentfundingandresources,andbuildanationwidestrongcomprehensivestrengthandhighschoolrunninglevel.High-leveluniversitieswithacertaindegreeofinfluencethroughoutthecountry.Tothisend,theMinistryofEducationestablishedtheMinistryofEducationandtheMinistryofEducationCo-constructionWorkResearchCenterunderthedirectleadershipoftheUniversityWorkOfficedirectlyundertheMinistryofEducation,basedonthejointconstructionoftheMinistryofEducation.Inaddition,theMinistryofEducationalsoabsorbedthesecollegesanduniversitiestoparticipateinsomemeetingsofcollegesanduniversitiesdirectlyundertheMinistryofEducation.
FourthisaprovincialuniversitythatthelocalgovernmentandothernationalministriesandcommissionsotherthantheMinistryofEducationhavejointlyestablished.Thesecollegesanduniversitieshavestrongfacultyandscientificresearchfoundationinoneormoreindustryfields.Variousministriesandcommissionsstrengthentheirsupportforthesecollegesanduniversities.Theministriesandcommissionsandlocalprovincesandcitiessignprovincialandministerialco-constructionagreementstoactivelydevelopstrongdisciplinesandimprovecomprehensiveStrength,buildanumberofhigh-leveluniversitieswithgreatinfluenceintheindustry.
ListofuniversitiesjointlyestablishedbyprovincesandministriesFordetails,pleaserefertouniversitiesjointlyestablishedbyprovincesandministries
Statistics
SituationofSchoolStudents
In1980,thenumberofhighereducationinstitutionsnationwidereached675,anincreaseof42overthepreviousyear;thenumberofstudentsatschoolwas1.144million,anincreaseof124,000overthepreviousyear.Amongthem,281,000newstudentswereenrolledthatyear(includingtheexpansionoflocalenrollment),anincreaseof6,000overthepreviousyear.
In1981,therewere1.28millionstudentsinregularcollegesanduniversities,anincreaseof136,000overthepreviousyear;regularcollegesanduniversitiesenrolled279,000students.
In1982,regularcollegesanduniversitiesenrolled315,000students,anincreaseof36,000overthepreviousyear;therewere1.154millionstudentsatschool,adecreaseof125,000overthepreviousyear.457,000graduated,anincreaseof317,000overthepreviousyear.Thisisbecausethefour-yearstudentswhoenrolledinthespringandautumnof1978graduatedin1982atthesametime.
In1983,ordinaryhighereducationschoolsenrolled391,000students,anincreaseof76,000overthepreviousyear;therewere1.207millionstudentsatschool,anincreaseof53,000overthepreviousyear.Sincethefour-yearstudentsenrolledinthespringandautumnof1978graduatedsimultaneouslyin1982,335,000graduatedin1983,adecreaseof122,000fromthepreviousyear.
In1984,ordinarycollegesanduniversitiesenrolled475,000undergraduateandjuniorcollegestudents,anincreaseof84,000overthepreviousyear;thenumberofstudentswas1.396million,anincreaseof189,000overthepreviousyear;and287,000graduates.
In1985,ordinarycollegesanduniversitiesenrolled619,000undergraduateandjuniorcollegestudents,anincreaseof144,000overthepreviousyear;thenumberofstudentswas1.703million,anincreaseof307,000overthepreviousyear;316,000graduates.
In1986,ordinarycollegesanduniversitiesenrolled572,000undergraduateandjuniorcollegestudents;1.88millionstudentswereenrolled,anincreaseof177,000overthepreviousyear.
In1987,ordinarycollegesanduniversitiesenrolled617,000undergraduateandjuniorcollegestudentsand1.959millionstudents,anincreaseof4.2%overthepreviousyear.
In1988,ordinarycollegesanduniversitiesenrolled670,000undergraduateandjuniorcollegestudents,and2.066millionstudentswereenrolled,anincreaseof5.5%overthepreviousyear.
In1989,ordinarycollegesanduniversitiesenrolled597,000undergraduateandjuniorcollegestudents,adecreaseof10.8%overthepreviousyear;thenumberofstudentsatschoolwas2.082million,anincreaseof0.8%.
In1990,ordinarycollegesanduniversitiesenrolled609,000undergraduateandjuniorcollegestudents,anincreaseof2%overthepreviousyear;thenumberofstudentsatschoolwas2.063million,adecreaseof0.9%.
In1991,ordinarycollegesanduniversitiesenrolled620,000undergraduateandjuniorcollegestudents,anincreaseof1.8%overthepreviousyear;thenumberofstudentsatschoolwas2.044million,aslightdecreaseoverthepreviousyear.
In1991,320long-termprofessionalsitesacrossthecountrysuspendedenrollment,andenrollmentratiosforengineering,medicine,andfinanceincreased.
In1992,ordinarycollegesanduniversitiesenrolled754,000undergraduateandjuniorcollegestudents,anincreaseof21.7%;thenumberofstudentsatschoolwas2.184million,anincreaseof140,000.
In1993,ordinarycollegesanduniversitiesenrolled924,000undergraduateandjuniorcollegestudents,anincreaseof22.5%;thenumberofstudentsatschoolwas2.536million,anincreaseof351,000.
In1994,ordinarycollegesanduniversitiesenrolled900,000undergraduateandjuniorcollegestudents,down2.6%;thenumberofstudentsatschoolwas2.799million,anincreaseof264,000.
In1995,theadjustmentofthelayoutofcollegesanduniversitiesachievedobviousresults.Attheendoftheyear,therewere1054ordinarycollegesanduniversities,adecreasefromthepreviousyear.Theenrollmentofhighereducationinstitutionshasdevelopedsteadily.Regularhighereducationinstitutionsenrolled926,000students,anincreaseof26,000overthepreviousyear,with2.906millionstudents.
In1996,therewere1032regularcollegesanduniversitiesattheendoftheyear,22lessthanthepreviousyear.Regularcollegesanduniversitiesenrolled966,000students,anincreaseof40,000overthepreviousyear,with3.02millionstudents.
In1997,therewere1,020generalcollegesanduniversitiesnationwide,enrolling1millionstudentsand3.17millionstudents.
Attheendof1998,therewere1,022generalcollegesanduniversitiesnationwide,withanenrollmentof1.08millionstudentsand3.41millionstudents.
In1999,regularcollegesanduniversitiesenrolled1.6millionstudents,anincreaseof510,000overthepreviousyear,with4.13millionstudents.
In2000,therewere1041generalcollegesanduniversitiesnationwide,with2.21millionstudentsenrolledinundergraduatesandjuniorcolleges,and5.56millionstudents.
In2000,thegoalofbasicallyuniversalizingnine-yearcompulsoryeducationandbasicallyeradicatingilliteracyamongyoungandmiddle-agedpeoplewasinitiallyachieved.Thepopulationcoveragerateofuniversalnine-yearcompulsoryeducationhasreached85%,andtheilliteracyrateofyoungandmiddle-agedpeoplehasdroppedtolessthan5%.
In2008,thegeneralhighereducationenrollmentwas6.077million,andtheenrollmentwas20.210million(girlsaccountedfor49.86%).
In2009,generalhighereducationenrolled6.29millionstudentsand21.49millionstudentswereenrolledinschool.Amongthem,11042207aregeneralundergraduatesand9168042aregeneraljuniorcollegestudents.Thereareatotalof1,699,140full-timeteachersandhiredoff-campusteachers.Thereare106,870foreignstudentsintheschool,and71,294studentsareenrolled.
In2010,thegeneralhighereducationprogramenrolled6.57millionstudents.
In2010,thegeneralundergraduateandhighervocational(technical)enrollmentwas6.618million,anincreaseof223,000overthepreviousyear,anincreaseof3.5%;amongthem,thegeneralundergraduateenrollmentwas3.513million,anincreaseof7.7%overthepreviousyear;Theenrollmentofgeneralcollegeswas3.105million,adecreaseof0.9%overthepreviousyear.Theundergraduateandjuniorcollegeenrollmentratiowasadjustedfrom51:49to53.1:46.9,andtheproportionofundergraduatesincreasedby2.1%.
In2010,theadultcollegeenrollmentwas2.084million,anincreaseof69,000or3.4%overthepreviousyear.
In2013,611,000graduatestudentsenrolled,1.794milliongraduatestudents,and514,000graduates.Thegeneralundergraduateandjuniorcollegeenrolled6.998millionstudents,24.681millionstudentsand6.387milliongraduates.
In2014,thepostgraduateenrollmentwas621,000,including1.848millionpostgraduatestudents,and536,000graduates.Thegeneralundergraduateandjuniorcollegeenrolled7.214millionstudents,enrolled25.477millionstudentsand6.594milliongraduates.