Rozvoj
Countriesintheworldregardthedevelopmentofnewmaterialsasanimportantaspectofeconomicdevelopmentandtechnologicalprogress.Variousnewtextilefibersareusedasimportantmaterialsintoday'shigh-techfields.Theglobalmarketfornewfiberproductsexceeds100billionU.S.dollarsandhasbecomeoneofthenew"strategicpillarindustries"inthetextileindustry.
Thenewtextilefiberindustryhasthecharacteristicsofhightechnologycontent,largemarketscale,wideindustrycoverage,andsignificantpullingeffect.Atthesametime,thenewgenerationofnewfibertechnologyisalsoanimportantpartofthedevelopmentofemergingindustriesduringmycountry's"TwelfthFive-YearPlan"period.Vigorouslydevelopthenewtextilefiberindustryandachievebreakthroughsinkeytechnologiesandindustries,whichwillhelpenhancethecorecompetitivenessofmycountry'stextileindustryandpromoteindustrialtransformation.Theupgradeisofgreatsignificance.
Newfibersusedinknitwearindustryaccountedfor80%,andhouseholdtextilesaccountedfor20%.mycountry'snewfibermarketisnotonlylarge,buttheaverageprofitrateofitsproductsisrelativelyhigh,1-2timesthatofpurecottonproducts.Sinceitsmainproductionmaterialisanewtypeoffiber,thehugefluctuationsincottonpriceshavebasicallynegligibleimpactoncorporateprofits.Allrelevantenterprisesshouldpayattentiontothedevelopmentofnewtextilefiberindustrywhileimprovingthetextilefiberindustrychain,scientificallygraspthetrendandrhythmoftechnologicaldevelopment,anddeployhigh-techresearchinadvance,andstrivetorealizetheleapfromfollowingdevelopmenttoleadingdevelopmentinmycountry’stextileindustry.
Přehled
Koncepční rysy
1.Definition:Fiberisanaturalorsyntheticfilamentoussubstance,andtextilefiberreferstowhatisusedtoweavecloth.fiber.
2.Characteristicsoftextilefiber:textilefiberhasacertainlength,fineness,elasticity,strengthandothergoodphysicalproperties.Italsohasgoodchemicalstability.Forexample,naturalfiberssuchascotton,wool,silkandhempareidealtextilefibers.
Základní klasifikace
Textilefiberclassification:naturalfiberandchemicalfiber.
①Naturalfibersincludeplantfibers,animalfibersandmineralfibers.
Rostlinné vlákno jako bavlna, konopí, ovocné vlákno.
BZvířecí vlákna, jako je vlna, králičí srst, hedvábí.
Cminerální vlákna, jako jeasbest.
②Chemicalfibersincluderegeneratedfibers,syntheticfibersandinorganicfibers.
ARegenerovaná vlákna, jako je viskózní vlákno, acetátové vlákno.
Syntetická vlákna jako: nylon, polyester, akryl, spandex, vinylon, polypropylen, polychlorid
Cinorganická vlákna, jako jsou: skleněné vlákno, kovové vlákno atd.
4. Textilní vlastnosti běžných textilních vláken:
(1) Vlna: absorpce vlhkosti, elasticita, nošení jsou dobré, nejsou odolné vůči hmyzu, kyselinám a barvivům s kovem.
(2) Hedvábí: dobrá absorpce vlhkosti, prodyšnost, lesk a nositelnost, vhodné pro kyselá a přímá barviva.
(3) Bavlna: prodyšná, absorbující vlhkost, dobrá nositelnost, odolná proti hmyzu, vhodná pro přímé, redukční, azo, alkalické, sírové a reaktivní barviva.
(4) Viskoskopické vlákno: hygroskopičnost, dobrá prodyšnost, jasná barva, široký zdroj surovin, levné, v přírodě blízké přírodním vláknům, použitelné barvy jsou stejné jako bavlna.
(5) Polyester: tkanina, tuhá, chladná, dobrá tvarová stálost, odolnost proti otěru, rozměrová stálost, snadno omyvatelné v ruce, vhodné pro disperzní barviva, diazodisperzní barviva, rozpustná vatová barviva.
(6) Nylon: zvláště dobrá odolnost proti oděru, špatná prodyšnost, vhodný pro kyselá barviva a sypké materiály.
(7) Akrylové vlákno: hebké, chlupaté, vhodné pro disperzní barviva a kationtová barviva.
(8) Vinylon: Nejlepší absorpce vlhkosti, obvykle používaný v lanech, rybářských sítích atd.
(9) Polypropylen: nejlehčí textura, odolná proti oděru, odolná a nekulovitá.
(10) Chlór: poznámka snadno se spálí, často používané jako pletené spodní prádlo, plyš, průmyslová filtrační tkanina, pracovní oděvy atd.
(11)Spandex: nejvyšší elasticita, vysoké prodloužení, vysoká elasticita, často používané punčochové kalhoty, ale není obarvený a má nejnižší pevnost.
Identifikace
Identifikacemethod
Theidentificationmethodsincludehandfeel,visualinspection,combustionmethod,microscopemethod,dissolutionmethod,drugcoloringmethodandinfraredspectroscopy,etc..Inactualidentification,itisoftennecessarytousemultiplemethodstoobtainresultsaftercomprehensiveanalysisandresearch.
Identifikacesteps
A.First,usethecombustionmethodtoidentifynaturalfibersandchemicalfibers.
B.Ifitisanaturalfiber,usemicroscopeobservationtoidentifyvarioustypesofplantfiberandanimalfiber.Ifitisachemicalfiber,thedifferenceinmeltingpoint,specificgravity,refractiveindex,andsolubilityofthecombinedfiberwillbedistinguishedonebyone.
C.Whenidentifyingblendedfibersandblendedyarns,amicroscopecangenerallybeusedtoconfirmthatitcontainsseveralfibers,andthenuseappropriatemethodstoidentifythemonebyone.
D.Fordyedorfinishedfibers,dyeingstrippingorotherappropriatepretreatmentsaregenerallyrequiredtoensurereliableidentificationresults.
Recommendationofportablemicroscopeformicroscopyidentificationmethod
Comparedwiththetraditionalidentificationtooldesktopmicroscope,theidentificationoftextilefiberscanonlybelimitedtotheexperiment,butnotuniversalFactoryworkshops,farms,andtradedeliverysites,whiletheinspectionandidentificationoftextilefibersaregenerallycarriedouton-siteidentificationinfactoriesorfarms.PortablemicroscopesarenowmainlyAnytyportablemicroscopes,whosecuttingcangivetextilefibersThedetectionandidentificationprovidethelateston-sitedetectionandidentificationresults.
Thevaluebroughtbytheon-sitemicroscopetotextileidentification:
1.Datasharing;AnytyportablemicroscopeisgenerallyintegratedWiththefunctionofdigitalimaging,thedataobservedbythemicroscopecanbepresentedtoallpeoplepresentatthesametime,facilitatingdiscussionandcommunication.
2.Portabilityandsimpleoperation;Anytyportablemicroscopehasstrongportability,easytocarry,andsimpleoperation,whichcanbreakthroughthelimitationsoftimeandspace,andcanbecarriedoutinrealtimeinanyoccasionObservationisdifferentfromtheimmovabilityoftraditionalmicroscopes.
3.Inheritance,becausetheAnytyportablemicroscopehasthefunctionoftakingphotosandvideos,theimagesdetectedatanytimeandanywherecanbestoredandbackedup,Theidentificationresultofeachpicturecanbecomeanaccumulationofexperience,andprovidereferencematerialsforthenextappraiser!
Vlastnosti spalování
Spalovací vlastnosti běžných vláken:
Thenear-flamephenomenonoffibersintheflamewillsmellashesafterleavingtheflame
Theflameburnsandburns.Thereisafterglow.Burningpapersmell.Ashesarerarelyfineandsoft.Greyblackflocculent
Thehairmeltsawayfromtheflameandmeltsandburns.Itisdifficulttoburnandself-extinguishing.Fragile
Thesilkmeltsawayfromtheflame.Thesilksoundisdifficulttocontinueburningandself-extinguishing.Singeingtasteisfragileandbrittle.Fluffyblackparticles.
Nylonsoftensandshrinks.Blueflame.Flavorlightbrowntransparentroundbead-likenoteasytobreak
Polyester blízko plamene, odkapávání, bublání, nepřetržité hoření, slabá vůně, tvrdě kulatý černý, světle hnědý, snadno se rozbije
Spalování, rychlé pálení, šplouchání, pikantní chuť, křehké, nepravidelné, tmavě hnědé, blokové nebo sférické, křehké
Metoda výpočtu
Textilní vlákno,výpočet jemnosti příze:
Systém fixní délky:
TEX:Theweightofa1000-meter-lengthyarnataconstantmoistureregainiscalledaspecialnumber.
Vzorec:TEX=(G/L)*1000
kde: Uveďte hmotnost příze (gramy) a Seznam délky příze (metry)
Denier (Denier): Váhové ramy 9000 metrů dlouhé hedvábně-tagitivní vlhkosti se nazývá denier.
Vzorec:NTEX=(G/L)*9000
kde: Uveďte hmotnost příze (gramy) a Seznam délky hedvábí (metry)
Systém konstantní hmotnosti:
Metrický počet (veřejný počet): délka 1 gramu příze (hedvábí) v metrech, což je veřejný počet příze (hedvábí).
Vzorec:NM=L/G
Kde: Uveďte délku (yardy) příze (hedvábí) a hmotnost (lb) příze (hedvábí)
p>Počet palců (anglický počet): Počet 840 yardů v délce 1 libry příze je britský počet příze.
Vzorec:NE=(L/G)*840
kde:Uveďte délku příze (hedvábí) (metry)a hmotnost příze (hedvábí) (gramy))
Běžné suroviny
Čistá bavlna: 36TEX(16S),28TEX(21S),18*2TEX(32S/2),15TEX(40S),14*2TEX(42S/2),10*2TEX(60S/2)
Rozvojstatus
Chinaisabigcountryintheproductionandexportoftextiles.Afteryearsofdevelopment,theChinesetextileindustryhasaverycompetitiveadvantage.Obviously,withtheworld'smostcompleteindustrialchain,thehighestlevelofprocessingandsupportingfacilities,theself-adjustmentabilityofmanydevelopedindustrialclusterstorespondtomarketriskshasbeencontinuouslyenhanced,whichprovidesasolidguaranteefortheindustrytomaintainasteadypaceofdevelopment.
Fromtheperspectiveoftheinternationalenvironment,thereisstillmuchroomandopportunityforexpansionintheinternationalmarket.WiththeexpirationofChina-EUtextilequotasattheendof2007andtheendofChina-UStextilequotasattheendof2008,theeraofquota-freetextilesinChinaisapproaching,andregionsthataccountformorethan60%oftheglobaltextilemarketwillbefullyopenedup,whichwillbringtoChina'stextiletrade.Greatopportunity.Inthenextfewyears,theworldeconomywillstillbeintherisingrange,whichwillsurelypromotethegrowthofinternationaltrade,whichwillbringfavorableinternationalmarketprotectiontothegrowthofChina'stextileandapparelexports.
Fromtheperspectiveofthedomesticeconomicenvironment,domesticdemandwillbecomeanimportantdrivingforceforindustrygrowth.About80%ofChinesetextilesareconsumeddomestically.Withthesustainedandrapidgrowthofthedomesticeconomy,thesteadyincreaseinresidents'incomewillstimulatethefurtherdevelopmentofthedomesticdemandmarket.
Chinesetextilecompaniesshouldovercomethedifficultiesofrisingrawmaterials,appreciationoftherenminbiandadjustmentofexporttaxrebates,seizeopportunitiesinthedevelopmentofthetextileindustry,increaseindustrialconcentration,curbtheblindexpansionofinefficientproductioncapacity,andincreasespecialtyindustriesTheconstructionoftheparkwillstrengthenthepaceofindependentinnovation,enhancethebrandbuildingofChina'stextileindustry,andcarryoutindustrialadjustmentsandupgrades.MakeChinafromatextilepowertoatextilepower.
Otázky a odpovědi
Otázka: Jaký je koncept spřádatelnosti?
Answer:Textilefibersarerelatedtoyarnqualityandspinningdifficulty.Thecomprehensivephysicalpropertiesarecalledspinnability.Undernormalproductionconditions,thebetterthespinnabilityofthefiber,thebetterthequalityoftheyarn,andtheeasierthespinningprocess.Thespinningmethodsaredifferent,thequalityofthespunyarnandtherequirementsforthespinnabilityofthefiberarealsodifferent.Thespinnabilityofmodernspinningyarnsisevaluatedbasedonproductqualityandtechnicalandeconomicindicators.Thevariousindividualphysicalpropertiesofthefiberalludetoitsspinnability.
Length:Whenthenaturalfiberislongandtheregularityisgood,theyarnhashighstrength,uniformevenness,smoothsurfaceandlesshairiness.Lengthisanimportantfactorindeterminingspinnability.Inadditiontothelengthofthemainbody,theshortfibercontenthasagreaterimpactonthestrengthofthespunyarnandtheuniformityofthesliver.Thelengthanduniformityofchemicallycutfibercanbecontrolled.Toolonglengthwillnotimprovethequalityoftheyarn,butwillcauseprocessingdifficultiesandincreaseyarndefects.
Fineness:finefiber,uniformyarnevennessandhighstrength.Butthefiberistoothin,thefiberiseasytotwistandformneps,nepsandotherdefectsduringprocessing.Thefiberisthick,thefabricisstiff,abrasion-resistantandelastic.Forrelativelycoarsenaturalfiberssuchaswoolandhemp,finenessisthemainfactordeterminingspinnability.Woolfibersdeterminetheirspinnablecountsaccordingtotheirdiameter.Finenessisalsothemainbasisforwoolgradeassessment.
Strength:Itisthemostimportantfactorthatdeterminesthestrengthoftheyarn.Whenotherconditionsremainunchanged,thehigherthefiberstrength,thehighertheyarnstrength.
Impuritiesanddefects:Impuritiesanddefectsaffectthespinningprocessandproductquality.Althoughthereareimpurityremovalmeasuresinthespinningprocess,theimpurityremovalprocesswillcausefurthersplittingofimpuritiesandnewdefects.Therefore,thehigherthecontentofimpuritydefectsintherawmaterial,theworsethespinnability.
Sugar,cottonwaxincottonfiber,hempglueinhempfiber,etc.willaffectthespinnabilityofthefiber,therebyaffectingthespinningprocessandproductquality.
Fibercrimping,fiberfrictionandelectricalconductivitywillaffectthespinnabilityofthefiber.
Otázka: Jaký je princip dávkování bavlny?
Answer:Therulesforbatchinglintcottonaremoredetailed.Thebatchtype,ginningmethod,mainbodygrade,lengthgrade,andmainmicronaireleveloflintcottonshouldbethesame.Thetypeherereferstowhitecotton,yellowcotton,andgraycotton;theginningmethodreferstorollercottonandserratedcotton.
Theoriginalstandardstipulates:"Inthesamebatchofcotton,34%ofadjacentgradecottonisallowed.Whenthisnumberisexceeded,itshallbepricedseparately."Inordertoimprovethequalityofcotton,thenewstandardstipulates:"Inthesamebatchofcotton,cottonthatcrossesthemaingradeisnotallowed;theproportionofcottonofthegradeadjacenttothemaingradeshallnotexceed20%.Thosewhodonotconformshouldbesortedoutornegotiated."Thenewstandardabolishestheunreasonable"34/66"regulationsoftheoriginalstandard,whichisalsooneofthemajorreformsofthenewstandard.
Here,"Thosewhodonotmatchshouldbesortedoutornegotiatedanddealtwith"herefortwosituations.Forapairofvisainspections,whencottonbatchesareassembled,iftheinspectionfindsthatthegradedoesnotmeettherequirementsofthenewstandard,itshouldbesortedoutsothatthebatchofcottongradescanmeetthestandardrequirementsbeforethecertificatecanbegroupedandapproved.Forexample,themaingradeisgradethree,andgradetwoandgradefourcottonareallowed,andthesumofgradetwoandgradefourshallnotexceed20%.Inthisbatchofcotton,nogradesotherthangradetwo,threeandfourareallowedOfcotton.Whenthecottoncertificateisissued,oncethereisacross-subjectgradeofcottonorthesumofthesecondandfourthgradesexceeds20%,itisrequiredtopickupandarrangetomakethebatchofcottongrademeetthestandardrequirements.Second,foruserinspection,iftheuser'sinspectionfindsthatthequalityofcottondoesnotmeetthestandardqualityrequirements,itshouldbedealtwiththroughconsultationwiththesupplier.Ofcourse,ifthenegotiationfails,youcanapplytoaprofessionalfiberinspectionagencyforinspection,andtheinspectioncertificateissuedbytheprofessionalfiberinspectionagencyshallprevail.
Batchofcottoncanbecertificatedseparately,andthecottonafterthecertificateiscalculatedaccordingtotheinspectionresultsoftheoriginalcertificate.Itisnotappropriatetoagreebetweenbatches.Whenacertificateisrequiredforsporadiccotton,thetype,ginningmethod,mainbodygrade,lengthgradeandmainmicronairelevelmustbethesame.Thedifferenceinmoistureregainbetweenthebagandtheroomisnomorethan1%,andthedifferenceinimpuritycontentisnomorethan0.5%.Alltheaboveconditionsmustbemetbeforethecertificationcanbecombined,otherwisethecertificationcannotbecombined.Themoistureregainrateandimpuritycontentrateaftercertificationarecalculatedaccordingtotheweightedaverageofthenetweight.
Otázka: Jak snížit náklady na montáž bavlny?
Answer:Intermsofequipment:maintainingthenormalmechanicalstateofeachprocessistocorrectlyhandlethecontradictionbetweenimprovingqualityandsavingcottonImportantpremise.Especiallyforthecontradictionbetweennepsandimpuritiesandsavingcotton,the"fivequickandonestandard"cardingandneedlegrindingoperationmethodmustbemaintained.Thisisanextremelyimportantbasicworkthatmustbepaidcloseattentiontofrequently.Inaddition,strengtheningthenoiltestandtimelyoverhaulingthecleaningandcardingnoilmachineinresponsetothenoilsituationisalsoaregularmeasuretosavecottonfromtheaspectofequipment.
Meziřemesel
1.Improvethecleaningefficiencyandnoilcontentrateofeachblowerandcardingmachine.Thenoilcontentrateofthecleaningmachines(exceptthecottonboxmachinery)isrequiredtobecontrolledatmorethan60%.Ifitislow,therewillbewhitening.Thecleaningefficiencyofthecleaningmachineisrequiredtoreach65%,andthenoilmixingrateofthecarbellyafterthecardingmachineisrequiredtoreach40%.Ifitislow,therewillbewhitening.Thetotalremovalefficiencyofthecardingmachineisrequiredtoreach92%ormore.Ifitfailstomeettherequirements.Measuresmustbetakentoimprovetheprocessandmachinery.
2.Accordingtotheperformanceofrawcotton,thecleaningandcardingcanbearthenoilreasonably.Ifthematurityoftherawcottonisgood,thefinenessisrelativelythick,therearefewsmalldefectsandalotofcoarseimpurities,itissuitableforclearingthecottonwithmorefall:cardedcottonhaslessfall;onthecontrary,iftherawcottonhaspoormaturity,fineness,andmanysmallimpuritiesbutfewlargeimpurities,Thecleaningcottonshouldnotbedroppedtoomuch,itisbettertocardthecottontoomuch.
3.Reducetheproductionofshortlintintheprocessesofcleaning,combing,sliveringandthickening.Shortlintisproducedduringthegrowthofcottonandbadginningprocess,butitwillcontinuetobeproducedduringthevariousprocessesofcottonspinning.Thecleaningprocessproducesabout1%,andthecardingprocessproducesabout3%.ThisisNormalphenomenon,iftoomuchlintisproducedduetopoormechanicalconditionandimproperprocessdesign(eveninthethicksliverprocess),itwillcausetoomuchflying,increaseinslubs,deteriorationofsliver,andyarnbreakageIncreasesandotherills,whichaffecttheoutput,qualityandcostoftheproduct.Therefore,itisnecessarytostudyhowtoreducetheincreaserateofshortlintasmuchaspossibleinthevariousprocessesofcottonspinning,andmainlygraspthefollowingtwolinksintermsofmechanicalconditions:(1)Theblowandcardingelementsoftheblowingandcardingmachinesaresharpandsmooth.,Thedistanceiscorrect;(2)Reducethechanceofsqueezing,returningandhittingback.
Mezioperace
Startingfromcleaningandunpacking,whethertheoperationsofeachprocessandeachtypeofworkarecarriedoutinaccordancewiththeoperatingprocedures,notonlyforthequality,butalsowithThecostimpactisgreat.Forexample,excessivebloomingisoftencausedbypooroperation,whichwillincreasethecostoflaborandpower.Whenchemicalfiberandpurecottonareblended,thecorrectcontrolofthespecifiedblendingratioisoftenrelatedtotheoperation.Iftheblendedproductsandpurecottonproductsareaccidentallymixed,causingqualityaccidents,theproblemisevenmoreserious.
Při zpracování odpadní bavlny
Reuseandreusecottonreasonably.Replacerawcottonwithreusedcotton,whichisoneoftheimportantwaystoreducethecostofcotton.Theso-calledrationalreuseandreuseofcotton,firstlyreferstotheneedtobeprocessed,andsecondlyreferstotheamountofrecycledcottontobecontrolled,soasnottoaffectthequality.Generally,theimpurities,harmfuldefects,neps,linters,etc.inthereusedcottonareproperlyremovedbeforereuse.Somecanbereusedintheoriginalexpenditure,andmostcanbereducedandreused.Thisincludesneedle-cutting,combingnoil,net-bellyflowerthatcanbereusedforlow-thicknessyarn,top-qualitybrokenseeds,etc.Whenarrangingtheplan,asmallnumberofmachinescanbeusedtospincoarseyarnorsub-brandyarn,sothatthereusedcottonproducedbytheenterprisecanbereusedintheenterpriseasmuchaspossible,whichwillreducetheamountanduseofcottonusedbytheentireenterpriseCottoncostsarebeneficial.
Strictlymanagethetemperatureandhumidityoftheprivateroom.Thetimeandfrequencyofmoistureregaindeterminationshouldbedeterminedaccordingtothepackagingtimeandfrequency,especiallyinthecaseofhighatmospherichumidity.Boththeelectricmoistureregainmeterandthescalemustbecheckedfrequently,andadedicatedpersonshallberesponsiblefortheweighing.Itisalsoveryimportanttomeasureandcorrectthefixedlengthoftheyarnframe.Dotheaboveworktoavoidweightloss.
Q:Howabouttheperformancetestandspinnabilityofnaturalcoloredcotton?
Answer:Althoughnaturalcoloredcottonhasalonghistoryofplanting,itisduetoitslowyieldandfiberlength.Duetoshortcomingsandlowstrength,thedevelopmenthasbeenslowforalongtime.Inrecentyears,withhumanbeingsadvocatingenvironmentalprotection,healthandenergyconservation,asmoderngeneticengineeringtechnologyiswidelyusedinbreedingtechnology,thecomprehensivequalityofnaturalcoloredcottonhasbeensignificantlyimprovedandimproved.
Onthewhole,themicronairevalueofnaturalcoloredcottonvarietiesislower,thefinenessisfiner,andthebreakingstrengthislower.Thecontentofneps,cottondustandimpuritiesareobviouslyhigher,butthereisnoobviousdifferenceinmaturity;mostofXinjiangnaturalcoloredcottonhasgoodphysicalandmechanicalpropertiesandcomprehensivequality,andhasgoodspinnability.
Amongthefournewcolorcottonvarietiesthathavebeenfinalized,thebrownlineXinCaimianNo.1andthegreenlineXinCaimianNo.3havegoodlength,fineness,lengthuniformityandmaturity.Thequalityisbetter,thespinnabilitycoefficientishigher,andthespinnabilityisbetter.
ThebestphysicalandmechanicalpropertiesofXinjiangnaturalcoloredcottonisZayou224.Exceptfortheimpurityanddustcontenthigherthanordinarywhitecotton,theotherindicatorsareclosetoorbetterthanordinarywhitecotton.Inparticular,the2.5%spanlengthindexofthefiberisnotonlysuperiortoordinarywhitecottonvarieties,butalsoclosetonewvarietiesofwhitecotton,whichhasgoodcomprehensivequalityandspinnability.
ThepooreroverallqualityofXinjiangnaturalcoloredcottonisGreen402.Itsfiberlengthistheshortest,thelengthistheworst,theshortfibercontentbelow16mmisthehighest,thestrengthisthelowest,thequalityispoor,andthespinnabilityisbetter.Low,needsfurtherimprovement.
Repeatwashingprocesscandeepenthecolorofnaturalcoloredcotton.Browncottonhasamoreuniformcolorthangreencotton.Whenexposedtosunlight,thecolorofbrowncottonwilldeepen,whilegreencottonwillfade.
Otázka: Nahradí chemická vlákna přírodní vlákna?
Answer:Cotton,hemp,silk,andwool,asthefourmajornaturalfibersinthetraditionalsense,havebeenusedinthehistoryofclothing.Thousandsofyearsofhistory.Beforethe1980s,naturalfibersstillmonopolizedthehigh-endapparelfabricmarket.However,sincethelate1980s,thestatusofsyntheticfiberproductshasgraduallyincreasedduetoimprovementsintheperformanceofchemicalfibers,especiallysyntheticfiberfabrics,intermsofthermal,wetcomfort,handfeel,glossandappearance.Theappearanceandwearabilityofsomechemicalfiberimitationcotton,silkandwoolproductsaresimilartothoseofnaturalfiberfabrics,andsomewearpropertiesareevenbetterthannaturalfibers.Therefore,itisdeeplylovedbyconsumers.Therapidgrowthofchemicalfiberproductionhascausedtheproportionofnaturalfibertodecline,butitstillaccountsformorethanhalfoftheproportion.
Willnaturalfibersbegraduallyreplacedbychemicalfibers?Infact,consumerspsychologicallyprefernaturalfibers.Aslongastheperformanceisnotlowerthanchemicalfiberproducts,consumerswillchoosenaturalfiberproducts.However,naturalfabricscannotstayattheoriginallevelofdevelopment.Naturalfiberfabricsarebeingimprovedanddevelopedfromthefollowingaspects.
1.Genemutationandperformanceimprovement:Thecombinationofnaturalfibersandgeneticengineeringhaschangedthetruecolorsofnaturalfibers,expandedtheapplicationrangeoffibers,andincreasedtheircompetitivenesswithchemicalfibers.Forexample;throughhybridization,geneticmutationandothermeans,developedcoloredcottonwithnaturallightyellow,green,pinkandothercolors;theShanghaiInstituteofPlantPhysiologyandEcology,ChineseAcademyofSciencesusedkeratingenesisolatedfromrabbitstotransferintocotton.Thecottonfiberhasthequalityofrabbithair:thedevelopmentofcoloredwool,RussiaandAustraliahavebredcoloredsheep,thecolorsofwhichare:blue,red,yellowandbrown.Theemergenceofthesecoloredmaterialswillundoubtedlybringrevolutionarychangestothetextileindustry.Mexicohascultivatedanultra-longcottonvarietywithparticularlylongfibers,goodneatness,softtouchandbeautifulluster.Japanisusingthisultra-longfibertomakehigh-endfabricsandclothing.
2.Fiberblendingandimprovedwearability:Duetothedifferentpropertiesofnaturalfibers,man-madefibers,andsyntheticfibers,theyallhavecertainadvantagesanddisadvantages,andtheresourcesofnaturalfibersarelimited.Fiberdrawsonitsstrengthstomakeupforitsweaknesses,greatlyimprovingtheusabilityoftheproduct.Forexample:woolcanbeblendedwithavarietyoffiberstomeetavarietyofneeds.Woolblendedproductswithawoolcontentoflessthan35%canimpartcertaincharacteristicstotheblendedfabric.Blendedfabricswithhighwoolcontentaregenerallyblendedwithwoolandothernaturalfibers.
3.Payattentiontofinishingandhighlightindividualization:naturalfibercotton,wool,silkandotherfabricsaresandwashedthroughphysicalorchemicalmethodstoachievelightnessandsoftness;naturalfibersareprintedanddyedtoproduceQualitychanges,suchassandingfinishingtomaketheproductfeeldelicate,washingwithbiologicalenzymefinishingtomakeitsofttothetouch,deepfinishingtomakethefabricwaterproofandbreathable,andshapememoryfinishingtomakethefabricshrink-proofandwrinkle-proof.Sothatnaturalfiberscanachievethefunctionsofcomfortablewearing,antibacterial,anti-ultraviolet,disinfection,anti-mold,mothproof,etc.,hasbecomeanewgrowthpointofnaturalfibersandamajortrendinthedevelopmentofnaturalfiberfabrics.
Four.Rozvojandapplicationofbiologicalenzymes:Thedevelopmentandapplicationofbiologicalenzymesisasuccessfulcombinationoftextileandbiotechnology.Itisaspecialenzymeagentforvariousfibers,suchascellulose.Enzymesandproteasescangreatlyincreasetheeffectivenessoffinishingandreduceenvironmentalpollution.Forsomefabricswovenwithpoorqualitycottonyarn,properenzymewashingprocesscanbecarriedouttoreducethehairandfluffoftheyarnwithoutdamagingthefabric,therebymakingupforthelackofcottonyarnqualitytosomeextent;inaword,,Theenzymewashingprocessisnotonlysimple,butalsomoderateincost.Withbleaching,brightening,andsoftfinishing,itcanwashoutdifferentstylesanddifferentgradesoffabrics.