Úvod
StorageUnit: thereAlarGenumberOfStorageEmentsTheMemory, který sjednocuje vložte doprovodu, adallthestorageelementsInthegroupareAdearorWritenTetatthesametime, samagroupOfStorageEmentsIsCalledastorageUnitit..AstorageUnitcanusStoreOneByte; ThestorageunitisthebasicunitforthecputOaccessHeMory.
Skladovací jednotka
ThesmallestunitofinformationInacomputerisabit, který jeabinární kabelka.8BitsformaByte, kterýISabyte.AstorageUnitcanstoreOnebyte, to je, 8binární °.TEMEMORYCAPACITYOFOFOMPUTERISCALCALEDWithByteSasthesMallestunit.Foramemorywith128StorageUnis, itcanbesaidthatscapacitacis128bytes.Iftereisa1kbmemory, ithas1024StorageUnits, aitsNumberIsfrom0-1023.TheMemoryIsdividedIndedIntoAnumberOfStorageUNITS, aeachSkladovací jednotkaisNered následně od0.Například úložné jednotky AmemoryHas128 asitsNumberIsFrom0to127.
ThestorageaddressIsGerallyrepresentedbyahexadecimalNumber, aachMemoryAddressSetofbinant (orhexadecimální) čísla, obvykle secalledthentententofTheaddress.ItisworthnotingtThattheaddressofTheStorageUnitandthententofTheaddressResaredferent.TheFormeristheNumberOfTheStorageUNIT, který represensAlocationInTheMory, a atheLatterrespresentsTataStastoredInTHSLocation.JustAsoneiStheroomNumberandtheotherthepersonlivingintheroom.
Thestorageunitthatstoresamachineword,usuallycalledwordstorageunit,andthecorrespondingunitaddressiscalledthewordaddress.Theunitthatstoresonebyteiscalledbytestorageunit,andthecorrespondingaddressiscalledthebyteaddress.IfThesMallestUnittHanBeaddressedinacomputerisawordStorageUnit, thenthecomputeRiscalledaword-addressedcomputer.IfThesMallestadsressableUnitininacomputerisaByte, thenthecomputeRiscalledabyt-addressableComputer.IfThemachinewordLengthIsequalTothemumberOfBitSofTheMoryUNIT, amachinewordcontainseveralbytes, soamemoryUnitCanalsOntainSeralbyteaddressstHatcanbeinduidsAdsAdsEdsededsededsededEdedsEded.Forexample, A16-bitbinarywordstorageUnitcanstoretwobytes, který CanBeaddressedByswordddressOrbyteaddress.Whaddressingwithabyteaddress, A16-bitmemoryCellOccupUistWoByteaddresses.
ThesmallestStaticStorageUnit
Onaugust18,2008, IBM, AMD, AtHeschoolofnanoscienceandengineering (CNSE) OfTestateUniversityOfNewyorkalBanyJointlynNuced thattheWorld'Sfirst22nnnnmnodeefectivestaticRandomaccesMemory).ThissalotHeworld'sFirstanNounCoproduceafectiveSkladovací jednotkaina300mmResearchfacityEnvironment.SramchipseremorecomplexDevices, takové „průkopníci“ ofmicroprocessors.ThesizeofTheSramcellisakeyTechnicalIndicatorinthesiconductorindustry.TheLatestsramcelluseSatraDitionalsix-transrsigonsignndandoccupiesOnly0.1Squaremicrony, BreakingThepreviousramsizeredBarrier.
Poté, coewresearchworkwasdoneattheschoolofnanoscienceandengineering (CNSE) ofThestateUniversityOfNewyorkatalbany, WheremanytopsicorResearresearsesbyibmandotherPartnersAreCarriedOut.Dr..TCChen,VicePresidentofIBMTechnologyR&DDepartment,said,“Weareresearchingattheultimateedgeofpossibilityandmovingtowardsadvancednext-generationsemiconductortechnology.NewResearchResultscanbesaidToContinuetodrivethepUrsuiTofMiniatiationOfMicroelectronicDevices.Je to důležité."
22NanometerretheNextTwogenerationsOfChIpManufacturing, a theNextgenerationIs32nanometers.InthisRegard, IBManditsSpartnersAreddevelování jejich vývoje32-nanomerometrigh-kmetalgatetechnologie (vysoká kmetalgatetechnologie).
Tradičně řečeno, sramchipsaremademorecompactByshrinkingtheBasicBuildingunits.Výzkumníci z přípravku z toho, že jsou uvedeny, hladESignAndCircuitdiagramofTheSramcellToimProvestability.Kromě toho, INORDOrnTomanuFactureaneaNeNeaNeamcell, procesy výrobních procesů.Vědci používanou shigh-naimmersionlitografie (High-NaimmersionLithography) TechnologytoCarveoutThePatterndimensionsionsand asware, a rozvinuté spartsinaDadvanced300mmSemiconductorresearchenvironment.
KeytechnologiesrelatedtoSRAMcellsinclude:sidebandhigh-Kmetalgates,<25nmgatelengthtransistors,ultra-thinspacers,co-doping,advancedactivationtechnology,extremelyThinsilicidefilmandembeddedcoppercontacts,etc.
ItisreportedthattherewillbeaspecialreporttointroducethedetailsofthelatestresultsattheIEEEInternationalElectronicEquipment(IEDM)AnnualConferencetobeheldinSanFrancisco,USAfromDecember15to17,2008.
SOUFEAFICEPLICACE
Inacomputer, TheinstructionSetexecutedBythearitmeticunitisInterpretedBytheControllerasawell-DefinedSpleinstructionSetWithAveryLiMitedNumber.Generallycanbedividedintofourcategories:1),datamovement(suchas:copyavaluefromstorageunitAtostorageunitB)2),digitallogicoperations(suchas:calculatethesumofstorageunitAandstorageunitB,theresultisreturnedSkladovací jednotkaC)3),conditionverification(forexample:ifthevalueinstorageunitAis100,thenextinstructionaddressisstorageunitF)4),theinstructionsequenceismodified(forexample:thenextinstructionaddressisstorageunitF)