Deklarativní znalosti - techintroduce

Význam

TEMODERCONVIEWOFKONTHEDLEDIVIDIDIDIDIDELLEDEDITODEClarativenowledgedgeandProceduRALKNOWLEDGEACORDIDTOTHEDEMFERENTFORMOFREFCREFLECTIVITITY.Deklarativní vědomosAloscalleddescriptivenowledge, které jezdenagethedgethatanidIdvidualCandiRectlyStatewithlanguage.ThisPeofnofnofnowIsMainlyusedsToansWerquestionsOut "What" a "jak" věci jsou, a.ThinsindofKnowingleDosMoreconSentswiththeCecceptualConnotationOfnowtHatpethatpeuseuseusealy, anSalsoCalledNarrowKnowledge.

Typ

1,Nameortag.ForexampleFordFoignLanguagewords.

2,facts.

3.Organizovaný discose.

Reprezentace

Psychologysgenerallybelievethatdeclarative -TnolDedisMaCarakterized afunctionsPositions, Schéma Reprezentaces, reprezentace a reprezentace a linianear sesSequences.

Tvrzení

IncognitivePsychology, ApropositionReferstothesMallestunitofVýznamExpresedBywords.ApropositionscomposedofarelationshipsAsetofTvrzenís.Vztahy serenerálně expresní, adverbsandadjektivy, asometimesSalsoexpressedbytherssuchasPrepositions; tesisgenerallyreferstoconcecepty, andsgenerallyexpressedbynounsand apronouns.THECOMONWAYTOEXPRESSPRESPROPOSISTOUSEACIRCLE (ORELLIPSE) TOEXPRESPRESPROPOPOPOPOPOPOPOPOPOPOPOPOPOPOPOPOPOPOPHOPOPOPOPOPOPOPOPOPOPOPOP.FORECTOMPLECT, ThisPropopositionIntesentence "XiaomingBuysbooks", thethesis "Xiaoming" a "Book", andtherelationships "buy".TheAboveModisshowninfigure1:

InteognitiveStructureofTheBrain, TheTvrzeníAlrepresentationOfDeclarativeKingledgesnotequaltothesentenceiNourDaileVýznam.Asentencelike "IngingtobeijijingtoTravel" Contenceswomeanings: I GoreingtobeijijingtoTravelWithme.ThesetWomeaningsAeachrepresentedByaTvrzeníInTheCognitiveStructure, SothissentenceContainstWopropositions.WeCanunderStandthelationshipBetweensentencesand apropositionSinthisway: TvrzeníSareexpressEnsinsences, butpropositionSarenotequaltosenceences.TheTvrzeníOnlyinvolvestheManingExpresintesentesentences.WhatPeopleekeeKeeninlong-termmemoryisnottesentenceitits, buttheaningofthesentence.

TvrzeníNetwork, iftwopropositionShaveaCommoncomponent, několikpropositionScanbeconvedToeachOtherTOrmapropositionNetworkHommoncomponent.ThisCommonComponentIsGerallythesisInteTvrzení.kousat".ProcetwothemeSof "Tiger" a "Person", takové -sentenceConstitutesApropositionAlnetwork.TheExpression:

Declarative knowledge

Schéma

JRANDERSONBELIEVES: "FOUREEREPRESENTOFSMALLMALLMEANINSITS, PROPOSICESARESUITABLE, ButFORENTOFENTOFLARGERGERMANINGS RelatedTosomeSoMeceptSorganizationinformation Combination, TvrzeníIsNotSitable.„Srovnáme -liTvrzeníNetwork, schemahasthefollowingaracteristics: 1) SchemaisNotasimpleextensionOfTvrzení, itisaTvrzeníOrPerceptionOfsiMilarthingthingsComconconCodingMethod.Itisgeneralandabstract, spíše thanconconcreteorspecial.

2) IndicititiontotheTvrzeníAlrepresentingofaclassofThings, TheschemaalsoincludestheperceptualinformationAcTharacteristicsOfThTlassOfThings, tasicheshapeofa "pták", kterýIsIsIsIsIssiaperCeptualiMagerepresentation.

3)Therearetwocharacteristicsofattributes(variables)andvaluesintheschema.Například v schématu „House“, materiály itsattributes, funkčních velikostí, tvarů atd..; Whilethematerialisbrickorwood, itisthevalueofThiSattribute.

4) TheRelativitivityofschema.Ve srovnání s tím, že AschemamaybeitSupperSotorlowerConcept.Forexample, "House" Isasobordidinatecocceptof "budova", Butitisalso Superior Collection of "Rooms" nebo "Walls".

ModerncognitivePsychologyDistingIsIsIsIsESestWotypeSofSchemas.OneistheschemaabouttheObject a Theoterytheschemaabouttheeventordoingthingshings.TheformerIslikepeople'sschemasabouthohouses, zvířata, starožitnosti atd.; ThelatterislikeingingTorestaurants, Goingtothehospital, OringTotheCineMatowatchMovies.THEATTERTYPEOFSCHEMAISALSOCALLEDSCRIPT.Theschemaoftheevent, liketeschemaoftheObject, také.IfwatchingamovieiSalowerexampleoFentaintationActivities, TicketpurchaseCalledaSub-vzemek-vzemek-vzorek.

Deklarativní vědomiisMainlyrepresentedIntWoforms: Tvrzeníandschema.TheFormeriSusedtoCHaracterizesMallVýznamunits; thelatIsUsedSaCaracterizelargerorganizedInformationCombinations.

Reprezentaceform

Když se vyskytnete, aby byly uvedeny na základě insituaci, které jsou notinfrontofoureyes, weftenexperiencetheirappearance.ThisIndofrepresentationBasedonThingsIssisNotPopositionsthatretaintEperceptualCaracteristicsOfThings.ItisgenerallybeletedThereAretWoFormSofrepresentationBasedonPerception: reprezentace anearear sesquence.

CharakteristikaFrepresentace: 1.ReprezentaceCanchaRacterizeConlynlynchangingInformace.SinnetheimaginaryStructureHassimilarducturalucturalFeaturestotheObjectitItrepresents, zde presentationCanrepresentTheObjectiveSpatialfeaturesMorealisticky.2.Reprezentace.Peoplecanrotát, skenování, ororganizeanddividEtheappearanceirtIrns.PeopleCannotchethestructuretructureofSymbobolsatwill, butteycconConcanConsCangethethestructureCuructureCunalogsintheiRimagination.3.Ačkoliv reprezentationsCanrepresent -CHANDNYCHINGInformace, srovnatelná s tím, že tato forformofrepresetationMayBemorevague, vícegenerativní nebo bez.4.ThePsychologicalrepresentationOfComplexFiguresSformedByhumansahierarchicalStructure a atheexistenceofTHStRucturecturewilLalsocauseaCietimaticDematicTofManpsychologicalrepresentations.

Lineární sequencesheCodingofaserieriesOfelementInLinearOrder, Susasmonday, úterý, středa atd.., uspořádánaCirerOrderInThemindofeachother.Thedifferencebetweenlinearsequenceandpropositionisthatthepropositiononlyretainsthebasicsemanticrelationshipbetweenthetopicsmentionedintheproposition,buttheorderoftheelementsisnotnecessary;thedifferencebetweenlinearorderandrepresentationisthatrepresentationretainstheintervalrelationshipbetweenperceptualfeatures,Thatis,therelativedistancebetweeneachfeature,linearsortingarrangestheorderofagroupofelementsfrombeginningtoend,butdoesnotinvolvethedistancebetweeneachelement.

TheConnectionbetweenthetwo

TheacquisitionOfDeclarativeLeledgeisoftenthebasisoflearningProceduRalkNowledge, a atheacquisitionOfproceduRalkNowledgeProvideReDideReDiateReantEeForacquiringNewDeclarative -fingledge (tasiswarlearningaforeignLaunguage, theleArningofvocabulalaryAnmaticallarative -fingomasTomStOlledge..Whenweunderstandanduseforeignlanguagesasfluentlyasournationallanguagethroughalotofrepeatedpractice,declarativeknowledgeaboutforeignlanguagesistransformedintoproceduralknowledge.了); TheAcquisitionOfDeclarativenowTledgeandtheacquisitionOfProceduRalkNowledGearetWoconSecutiveStagesInThelearningProcess (předpis, "TheFirstToSolTequationSistokNowtheranceonbothsideSoftheequation".TheoNethatcantellthisruleisdeclarative -Knowledge a atheskilloftheoperationProcessisProceduRalkNowledge).

Srovnávání vystižení

ThedifferencebetweenDeclarativeknowledgeandProceduralknowledge:

Deklarativně známothemaindifferencesbetweenproceduRalknowledgedGroceduRalkNowledgeareasFollows:

1.Deklarativně známá, že „co“, který je charakterizován apropositionSandtheirtworkofTvrzenís; procedurAlkNowledgeis „Howtodo“ znalostí “.

2.Deklarative knowledgesakindofstaticknowledge, aitsactivationIshereProductionOfInputInformation; whileproceDuRALKNowledgeSakindofdynamicknowledge, aitsactivationsThedeFormationAndoperationofinformation.

3.TheaktivationOfDeclarativeLedledgeIsrelativněslow, který se týká procesu, který je uchovává, že jsou uvedeny v zájmu;.

Inmanyactivities, thetwotypeSofnowledGearecombined.InTheLearningProcess, areinitiallycquiredIrenTheformFeclarativenowledge.Jen poté, co je poproceduRalknowledgeisautomatedspecialty.TheProceRALKNOWLEDGEMAsteredBythelearnerwilLalsopromotethelearningofNewDeclarativenowledge.Obecně řečeno, TheProceduRalkNeleDowIsMainlyuseuseuseuseDinactivitinessUnderFamiliAlConditions.