История на развитието
In2017,PanJianwei'steambuilttheworld'sfirstopticalquantumcomputingprototypethatsurpassedtheearlyclassicalcomputer(ENIAC).
In2019,theteamrealizedtheBosesamplingofthe20-photoninput60-modeinterferencecircuit,andtheoutputcomplexityisequivalenttotheHilbertstatespaceof48qubits,approachingthesuperiorityofquantumcomputing.
Sincethen,theresearchteamhasindependentlydevelopedaquantumlightsourcewithhighefficiency,highidentity,extremelyhighbrightness,andlarge-scaleexpansioncapability,whilemeetingtherequirementsofphasestability,fullyconnectedrandommatrix,andexcellentwavepacketcoincidence.100-modeinterferencecircuitwith99.5%passratebetterthan98%,phase-lockaccuracywithinminus9thpowerofrelativeopticalpath10,high-efficiency100-channelsuperconductingnanowiresingle-photondetector.
OnDecember4,2020,theUniversityofScienceandTechnologyofChinaannouncedthatPanJianweiandothershadsuccessfullyconstructedthe"NineChapters"of76photonquantumcomputingprototypes,anditsoutputquantumstatespacescalereached1030.Onthesameday,theinternationalacademicjournal"Science"publishedtheresult,andthereviewersevaluateditas"amostadvancedexperiment"and"amajorachievement."
Изчислителна производителност
TheNineChaptersdevelopmentteamclaimedthatwhensolving50millionsamplesofGaussianBosesampling,“NineChapters”take200seconds,andasof2020,theworld’sfastestThesupercomputer"Fuyue"takes600millionyears;whensolving10billionsamples,ninechapterswilltake10hours,whileFuyuetakes120billionyears.Equivalently,thecalculationspeedof"NineChapters"is10billiontimesfasterthanthatof"Platanus",anditmakesupforthetechnicalloopholesof"Platanus"dependingonthenumberofsamples.
ThepressreleaseoftheUniversityofScienceandTechnologyofChinaalsopointedoutthatthe"NineChapters"forprocessingGaussianBosesamplingis100trilliontimesfasterthanthesupercomputer"Fuyue",whichisequivalentlyfasterthanGoogle'ssuperconductingqubitcomputer"Platanus"10billiontimesfaster.
ExperimentsshowthatthecalculationspeedoftheclassicalmathematicalalgorithmGaussianBosesamplingin"NineChapters"is100trilliontimesfasterthantheworld'sfastestsupercomputing"Fuyue",thusachievingthesecondoneintheworld"Quantumhegemony"haspromotedthefrontierresearchofglobalquantumcomputingtoanewheight,anditssupercomputingpowerhaspotentialapplicationvalueinthefieldsofgraphtheory,machinelearning,quantumchemistry,etc.
При решаване на проблема за вземане на проби на GaussianBoses с 50 милиона проби, „Девет глави“ отнема 200 секунди, а „Фуюе“ отнема 600 милиона години; при решаване на 10 милиарда проби, „Девет глави“ отнема 10 часа, а „Фуюе“ отнема 120 милиарда години.
Системен принцип
Theupperleftlasersystemgenerateshighpeakpowerfemtosecondpulses;the25lightsourcesontheleftgenerate50channelsofsingle-modecompressedstateinputtotheright100throughtheparametricdownconversionprocessModeopticalquantuminterferencenetwork;Finally,100high-efficiencysuperconductingsingle-photondetectorsareusedtodetecttheoutputopticalquantumstateoftheinterferometer.
R&Dunit
The"NineChapters"areacollaborationbetweenPanJianwei'steam,ShanghaiInstituteofMicrosystems,ChineseAcademyofSciences,andNationalParallelComputerEngineeringTechnologyResearchCenter.
Източник на име
Thequantumcomputingprototype"NineChapters"wasnamed"NineChapters"tocommemoratetheearliestmathematicsmonograph"NineChaptersArithmetic"inancientChina.
Значение
PanJianweisaidthatthisachievementfirmlyestablishedmycountry'spositionasthefirstsquareininternationalquantumcomputingresearch.Basedonthe"NineChapters""GaussianBosesampling"algorithm,itwillhaveimportantpotentialapplicationsinthefieldsofgraphtheory,machinelearning,andquantumchemistryinthefuture.
Почести получени
InApril2021,ittookoneyeartobeselectedintotheNetexploUniversityNetwork,whichiscomposedofworld-renowneduniversitiesinthefieldoftechnology,andselected10breakthroughsgloballyDigitalinnovationtechnology.
Експертна оценка
За пробива на "Nine Chapters" зрители на списание "Science" коментираха, че "това е най-напредналият експеримент и голямо постижение."