Overview
TheThirdPlenarySessionoftheEleventhCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChinaHeldinBeijingfromDecember18thto22nd,1978.169membersoftheCentralCommitteeand112alternatemembersoftheCentralCommitteeattendedthemeeting.Headsofrelevantcentralandlocaldepartmentsattendedthemeetingasnonvotingdelegates.
Thecentraltopicoftheplenarysessionistodiscussshiftingthefocusoftheworkofthewholepartytosocialistmodernization.
Beforethisplenarysession,a36-dayCentralWorkConferencewasheld(November10toDecember15,1978).AttheCentralWorkingConference,everyonefirstdiscussedthetransferofworkfocus,andfeltthatiftheguidingideologyisnotcorrectlyresolved,the"Left"errorsarenotcorrected,andthestandardfortestingtruthisnotresolved,itwillbeimpossibletotrulyachievetheshiftofworkfocus.of.Afterwards,everyonestartedaideologicalconfrontationontheissueofthestandardoftruth,andalsodiscussedtheeconomy,partybuilding,anddemocracyandthelegalsystem.OnDecember13,DengXiaopingdeliveredanimportantspeechentitled"EmancipatingtheMind,SeekingTruthfromFacts,andLookingForwardinUnity"attheclosingceremonyoftheconference.ThisCentralWorkConferencemadefullpreparationsfortheThirdPlenarySessionoftheEleventhCentralCommitteetobeheldimmediately.DengXiaoping'sspeechactuallybecamethethemereportoftheThirdPlenarySessionoftheCentralCommittee.
TheThirdPlenarySessionoftheEleventhCentralCommitteeendedthesituationinwhichtheparty'sworkwasadvancinginthetwoyearsafterthesmashingofthe"GangofFour",andachievedagreatturningpointintheparty'shistorysincethefoundingofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.Thisgreatturningpointisoverallandfundamental,andisconcentratedinthefollowingmainaspects:
1.ThePlenarySessionhasachievedtheideologicallineofbringingorderoutofchaos.
Thecorrectingofchaosintheideologicallineisthepremiseandforerunnerofcorrectingchaosinallaspects.Theplenarysessionbrokethroughtheseriousconstraintsofdogmatismandpersonalitycultintheparty'sguidingideology,resolutelycriticizedandrejectedthewrongpolicyof"twowhats",spokehighlyofthediscussiononthestandardoftruth,andpointedoutthatpracticeistheonlywaytotesttruth.Thestandardisthefundamentalprincipleoftheparty'sideologicalline,thusre-establishingtheMarxistideologicallineofseekingtruthfromfacts.WhilefullyaffirmingthegreatroleofComradeMaoZedonginthelong-termrevolutionarystruggleinourcountry,themeetingemphasizedtheneedtograspandapplyMaoZedongThoughtfromthescientificsystem,andnotcopyeverythinganddonotengagein"twoalls".Otherwise,thepartyandthecountrywilllosetheirvitality,andthepartyandthecountrywillbedestroyed.
Theplenarysessionpointedout:“Onlycomradesinthewholepartyandthepeopleofthewholecountry,undertheguidanceofMarxism-LeninismandMaoZedongThought,emancipatetheirminds,workhardtostudynewsituations,newthingsandnewproblems,insistonseekingtruthfromfacts,proceedingfromfacts,andconnectingwiththeory.Basedonpracticalprinciples,ourpartycansmoothlyrealizethetransformationoftheworkcenter,correctlysolvethespecificroads,policies,methodsandmeasuresforrealizingthefourmodernizations,andcorrectlyreformtheproductionrelationsandsuperstructuresthatarenotcompatiblewiththerapiddevelopmentofproductivity."/p>
2,theplenarysessionrealizedthepoliticallineofchaos.
Thisisthemostfundamentalwaytosetthingsright.AtthebeginningofthefoundingofthePeople’sRepublicofChina,thepartyrequiredallworktobecenteredonthedevelopmentofproductiveforces.TheEighthNationalCongressoftheCommunistPartyofChinadecidedtotaketheprotectionanddevelopmentofproductiveforcesundernewproductionrelationsasitsmaintask.Afterthat,ourmistakes,inthefinalanalysis,werethattheydeviatedfromtheEighthLine,engagedin"classstruggleasthekeylink,"andfailedtoconcentrateoneconomicconstruction.TheThirdPlenarySessionoftheCentralCommitteeresolutelymadeastrategicdecisiontoshiftthefocusoftheworkofthewholepartyandtheattentionofthepeopleofthewholecountrytothesocialistmodernizationdrive.ThisistherestorationanddevelopmentofthecorrectlineoftheEighthNationalCongressoftheCommunistPartyofChina.ItisanexplorationoftheroadtobuildingsocialismwithChinesecharacteristicsunderthenewhistoricalconditions.
3,theplenarysessionrealizedtheorganizationallinetocorrectthechaos.
Correctingchaosintheorganizationallineincludesmanyaspectsandisalongprocessfromthecentralgovernmenttoalllevels.AlargenumberofrevolutionariesoftheoldergenerationreturnedtotheleadershippositionsofthePartyCentralCommittee.ThecentralleadershipgroupwithDengXiaopingasthecorewasactuallyestablishedthroughtheThirdPlenarySessionoftheCentralCommittee.Thisisthemostimportantachievement.ItisinthissensethatitcanbesaidthattheThirdPlenarySessionoftheCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChinahasachievedanorganizationallineofcorrectingchaosandhasensuredthere-establishmentofthecorrectideologicalandpoliticalline.
4,theplenarysessionbegantosystematicallycleanupmajorhistoricalissuesofrightandwrong.
Theplenarysessionseriouslydiscussedsomemajorpoliticaleventsthatoccurredduringthe"CulturalRevolution"andalsodiscussedsomehistoricalissuesleftoverfrombeforethe"CulturalRevolution".ThemeetingaffirmedDengXiaoping’sgreatachievementsinallaspectsofworkduringtheperiodwhenMaoZedongwasentrustedbyMaoZedongin1975,affirmedhisandothercentralleaders’struggleagainsttheinterferenceandsabotageofthe"GangofFour",andaffirmedtheTiananmenSquareincidentonApril5,1976.TherevolutionarynatureofthePeople’sRepublicofChinadecidedtowithdrawthewrongdocumentsissuedbythecentralgovernmentregardingthe“anti-rightistoverturningmovementandtheTiananmenincident”.
5.Theplenarysessionrestoredtheparty’straditionofdemocraticcentralism.
Theplenarysessiondiscussedandemphaticallyputforwardthetasksofimprovingsocialistdemocracyandstrengtheningthesocialistlegalsystem.Theplenarysessiondecidedtoimprovetheparty’sdemocraticcentralism,improvepartyregulationsandpartylaws,andstrictlyenforcepartydisciplinebasedontheparty’shistoricalexperience;allpartymembersandpartycadresmustabidebydiscipline,whichistheminimumrequirementfortherestorationofnormalpoliticallifeofthepartyandthecountry;emphasizingthepartyThecentralandpartycommitteesatalllevelsmuststrengthencollectiveleadership.Inresponsetothe"CulturalRevolution"andthedestructionofthepoliticallifeofthepartyandthecountrybeforeit,theplenumpointedout:Theremustbesufficientdemocracytoachievecorrectconcentration.
Thecitizens'rightsstipulatedintheConstitutionmustberesolutelyguaranteed,andnoonemayviolatethem.Inordertoprotectpeople’sdemocracy,thesocialistlegalsystemmustbestrengthenedtoinstitutionalizeandlegalizedemocracy,sothatthissystemandlawhavestability,continuity,andgreatauthority,sothattherearelawstofollow,andlawsmustbefollowedandenforced.Strictly,violationsofthelawmustbeinvestigated.
6,theplenarysessionmadeanewdecisiontoimplementreformandopeningup,andstartedanewprocessofruralreform.
Whentheplenarysessiondiscussedthenationaleconomicplanningarrangementsin1979and1980,itputforwardtherequirementtoaddressmajorimbalancesinthenationaleconomyandachieveacomprehensivebalance.Theplenarysessionalsodiscussedagriculturalissues,thinkingthatagriculture,thefoundationofthenationaleconomyasawhole,isstillveryweak.Onlybyvigorouslyrestoringandacceleratingthedevelopmentofagriculturalproductioncanthelivingstandardsofthepeopleacrossthecountrybeimproved.Theplenarysessionputforwardaseriesofpoliciesandmeasuresforthecurrentdevelopmentofagriculture,andagreedtosenddocumentssuchasthe"DecisionsoftheCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChinaonSeveralIssuesConcerningAcceleratingAgriculturalDevelopment(Draft)"tovariousprovinces,cities,andautonomousregionsfordiscussionandtrialimplementation.Thisdocumentwasofficiallyreleasedafterbeingrevisedandenriched,andthensomeimportantagriculturaldocumentswereformulatedandissuedforimplementation,whichstronglypromotedtheprocessofruralreform.
ChenYunwaselectedasamemberofthePolitburo,astandingmemberofthePolitburo,andavicechairmanoftheCentralCommittee;DengYingchao,HuYaobang,andWangZhenwereelectedasmembersofthePolitburo;HuangKecheng,SongRenqiong,HuQiaomu,XiZhongxun,andWangwereaddedRenZhong,HuangHuoqing,ChenZaidao,HanGuang,andZhouHuiaremembersoftheCentralCommittee.ThemeetingdecidedtoestablishtheCentralCommissionforDisciplineInspectionandelectedChenYunasthefirstsecretaryoftheCentralCommissionforDisciplineInspection,DengYingchaoasthesecondsecretary,HuYaobangasthethirdsecretary,HuangKechengastheexecutivesecretary,andWangHeshouasthedeputysecretaries.
ThesesignificantchangesintheleadershipworkmadebytheThirdPlenarySessionoftheEleventhCentralCommitteeindicatethattheCommunistPartyofChinahasfundamentallybrokenthroughthesevereshacklesoflong-term“Left”errorsandcorrectedtheparty’sTheguidingideologyfreedthepartymembers,cadresandthemassesfromtheshacklesofpersonalitycultanddogmatismthatprevailedinthepast,andcomprehensivelyrestoredandestablishedthecorrectMarxistlineideologically,politically,andorganizationally.ThisendedinOctober1976.Thesituationinwhichtheparty’sworkhasbeenadvancinginalingeringprocesshasledtheparty-ledsocialistcausetoapathofhealthydevelopment.TheThirdPlenarySessionoftheEleventhCentralCommitteeofthePartyopenedanewchapterinthehistoryofthePartyandthecountry,andwasagreatturningpointinthehistoryofourPartysincethefoundingofthePeople’sRepublicofChina.
ConferenceHighlights
Theplenarysessioncriticizedthe"TwoWhats"policyandspokehighlyofthediscussiononthestandardoftruth.Tostopusingtheslogan"takeclassstruggleasthekeylink"negatedthe"continuedrevolutionunderthedictatorshipoftheproletariat"inthe"CulturalRevolution"followedbythe11thNationalCongressoftheCommunistPartyofChina,andtheviewthatthe"CulturalRevolution"willcontinuetobecarriedoutmanytimesinthefuture.
Listofattendees
(Incompletelist)
TheThirdPlenarySessionoftheEleventhCentralCommittee(219people)
OfficialmemberofthePoliticalBureauoftheCentralCommittee23people
Chairman:HuaGuofeng
ViceChairman:YeJianyingDengXiaopingLiXiannianWangDongxing
MemberoftheStandingCommitteeofthePoliticalBureauoftheCPCCentralCommittee:HuaGuofeng,YeJianying,DengXiaoping,LiXiannian,andWangDongxing
Members:WeiGuoqing,Ulanhu,FangYi,LiuBocheng,XuShiyou,JiDengkui,SuZhenhua,LiDesheng,WuDeyu,Qiuli,ZhangTingfa,ChenYonggui,ChenXilian,andGengBiao
NieRongzhen,NiZhifu,XuXiangqianandPengChong
3alternatemembers:ChenMuhua,ZhaoZiyang,SaiFuding
CentralMilitaryCommissionStandingCommittee:WangZhensuyu
NationalPeople’sCongressStandingCommitteeViceChairman:ChenYun,TanZhenlin,LiJingquan,ZhangDingcheng,CaiChang,DengYingchao,LiaoChengzhi,JiPengfei,andZhouJianren>TheChiefProsecutoroftheSupremePeople’sProcuratorate:HuangHuoqing
ChineseAcademyofSciences::LiChang
ChineseAcademyofSocialSciences:HuQiaomu
Responsiblepersonsofvariousprovinces,municipalities,autonomousregionsandmajormilitaryregions(Bothfirstandsecondincommand)
Theheadofthepartycentralagency,thecentralgovernmentagency,themilitarycommissiondirectlyundertheagency(firstcommand)
Supplement:XiZhongxun,SongRenqiong,HuangHuoqing,HuQiaomu,HanGuangxuezhi,JiangNanxiang,WangRenzhong,ZhouGuohuaRuanYongjin
ConferenceCommuniqué
"TheCommuniquéoftheThirdPlenarySessionoftheEleventhCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChina"
(AdoptedonDecember22,1978)
TheThirdPlenarySessionoftheEleventhCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChinawasheldinBeijingfromDecember18thto22nd,1978.169membersoftheCentralCommitteeand112alternatemembersoftheCentralCommitteeattendedthemeeting.HuaGuofeng,chairmanoftheCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChina,andvice-chairmenYeJianying,DengXiaoping,LiXiannian,ChenYun,andWangDongxingattendedthemeeting.ComradeHuaGuofengpresidedoverthemeetingandmadeanimportantspeech.Beforetheplenarysession,acentralworkingmeetingwasheldtomakefullpreparationsfortheplenarysession.
TheplenarysessiondecidedthatinviewofthesmoothprogressoftheworkoftheCentralCommitteesincetheSecondPlenarySessionoftheCentralCommittee,thenationwidelarge-scaleexposingofLinBiaoandthe"GangofFour"massmovementhasbasicallybeensuccessfullycompleted.ThefocusoftheworkofthewholepartyItshouldbetransferredfrom1979tosocialistmodernization.Theplenarysessiondiscussedtheinternationalsituationanddiplomaticwork,andbelievedthattheforeignpolicyofthepartyandthegovernmentwascorrectandsuccessful.Theplenarysessiondiscussedtheissueofacceleratingagriculturalproductionandthearrangementsforthe1979and1980nationaleconomicplan,andpassedthecorrespondingdocumentsinprinciple.Theplenarysessionreviewedandresolvedanumberofmajorissuesleftoverfromhistoryandthemeritsanddemeritsofsomeimportantleaders.Inordertomeettheneedsofsocialistmodernization,theplenarysessiondecidedtostrengthendemocracyinthelifeofthepartyandthecountry'spoliticallife,clarifytheparty'sideologicalline,strengthentheparty'sleadinginstitutions,andestablishtheCentralCommissionforDisciplineInspection.Theplenarysessionco-optedComradeChenYunasamemberofthePolitburo,astandingmemberofthePolitburo,andavicechairmanoftheCentralCommittee;andco-optedComradesDengYingchao,HuYaobang,andWangZhensanasmembersofthePolitburo.
Consideringtheactualchangesintheparty’slifesincetheEleventhNationalCongressandtheurgentneedsofthecurrentparty’swork,theplenarymeetingdecidedtotaketemporarymeasurestoaddHuangKecheng,SongRenqiong,HuQiaomu,XiZhongxun,andWangRenzhongComrades,HuangHuoqing,ChenZaidao,HanGuang,andZhouHuijiuaremembersoftheCentralCommitteeandwillbesubmittedtotheTwelfthPartyCongresstoratifythisadditionalprocedure.TheplenarysessionelectedComradeChenYunasthefirstsecretaryoftheCentralCommissionforDisciplineInspection,ComradeDengYingchaoasthesecondsecretary,ComradeHuYaobangasthethirdsecretary,ComradeHuangKechengasthestandingsecretary,andWangHeshouasthedeputysecretary,andelectedthestandingmembersoftheCentralCommissionforDisciplineInspection.Andcommitteemembers.
TheplenarysessionbelievesthatthismeetingandthepreviousCentralWorkingConferenceareofgreatsignificanceinthehistoryoftheparty.Duringtheentireprocessofthetwoconferences,everyoneemancipatedtheirmindsandspokefreelyonthebasisofMarxism-LeninismandMaoZedongThought,fullyrestoredandcarriedforwardtheparty’sdemocracyandtheparty’sfinestyleofseekingtruthfromfacts,massline,criticismandself-criticism,andstrengthenedUnity.ThemeetingtrulyachievedwhatComradeMaoZedongadvocated,"apoliticalsituationwithbothconcentrationanddemocracy,disciplineandfreedom,aunifiedwill,personalcomfort,andliveliness."Theplenarysessiondecidedthatthistrendmustbeextendedtotheentireparty,thearmy,andthepeopleofallethnicgroupsthroughoutthecountry.
(1)
ThePlenarySessionexpressedsatisfactionwiththeworkoftheCentralCommitteeinthetenmonthssincetheSecondPlenarySession.ThepoliticalrevolutioninwhichLinBiaoandthe"GangofFour"wereexposedandcriticizednationwidehasachievedgreatvictories;thenationaleconomyhasbeenfurtherrestoredanddeveloped;astableandunitedpoliticalsituationhasemergedthroughoutthecountry;andmycountry'sforeignpolicyhasmadesignificantprogress.Allofthishaspreparedgoodconditionsforthewholepartytoshiftitsfocustosocialistmodernization.
Theplenarysessionpointedoutthatmycountryhasmadenewandimportantachievementsindevelopingtheinternationalanti-hegemonyunitedfrontanddevelopingfriendlyrelationswithcountriesaroundtheworld.ThevisitsofChineseleaderstoNorthKorea,Romania,Yugoslavia,Cambodia,Iran,Myanmar,Nepal,thePhilippines,Bangladesh,Japan,Thailand,Malaysia,SingaporeandaseriesofcountriesinAsia,Africa,LatinAmericaandEuropewithinthisyearhaveresultedinpeaceandfriendshipbetweenChinaandJapan.TheconclusionofthetreatyandthecompletionofthenegotiationsonthenormalizationofSino-USrelationshavemademajorcontributionstopeaceinAsiaandtheworld.Butthedangerofwarstillexists.Wemuststrengthenournationaldefenseandbereadytorepelinvadersfromanyquarter.TheplenarysessionbelievesthatwiththenormalizationofSino-USrelations,theprospectofTaiwan,thesacredterritoryofourcountry,returningtotheembraceofthemotherlandandachievingthegreatcauseofreunificationhasbeenfurtherplacedbeforeus.
TheplenarywelcomescompatriotsfromTaiwan,HongKongandMacao,andoverseasChinesetocontinuetomakepositivecontributionstothecauseofthereunificationofthemotherlandandtheconstructionofthemotherlandinthespiritofapatrioticfamily.
AsearlyasintheearlydaysofthefoundingofthePeople’sRepublicofChina,especiallyafterthesocialisttransformationwasbasicallycompleted,ComradeMaoZedongrepeatedlyinstructedthewholepartytoshiftthefocusofworktoeconomicandtechnologicalrevolution.ComradeMaoZedongandComradeZhouEnlailedourpartytodoalotofworkinthecauseofsocialistmodernization,andmadegreatachievements,butitwaslaterinterruptedanddestroyedbyLinBiaoandtheGangofFour.Inaddition,duetoourlackofexperienceinsocialistconstruction,someshortcomingsanderrorshaveoccurredintheworkguidance,whichalsohinderedthecompletionofthetransformationoftheparty'sworkcenter.Atpresent,thenationwidemassmovementtoexposeandcriticizeLinBiaoandthe"GangofFour"hasbasicallybeensuccessfullycompleted.Althoughthemovementinafewregionsanddepartmentsisrelativelybackward,itwilltakesometimetoproceedquicklyandcannotbeimplementedacrosstheboard.Theconditionsforthetransformationofthecenterofpartyworkarealreadyinplace.
Therefore,theplenarymeetingunanimouslyagreedthatthedecisionmadebyComradeHuaGuofengonbehalfofthePoliticalBureauoftheCentralCommitteeshouldnowadapttothedevelopmentofthedomesticandinternationalsituationandpromptlyanddecisivelyendthenationwidelarge-scaleexposingandcriticizingLinBiao,LinBiao,Themassmovementofthe"GangofFour"shiftedthefocusoftheworkofthewholepartyandtheattentionofthepeopleofthewholecountrytosocialistmodernization.Thisisofgreatsignificanceforrealizingthethree-yearandeight-yearplanforthenationaleconomyandthe23-yearplan,realizingthemodernizationofagriculture,industry,nationaldefense,andscienceandtechnology,andconsolidatingthedictatorshipoftheproletariatinourcountry.Thegeneraltaskofthenewperiodproposedbyourpartyreflectstherequirementsofhistoryandtheaspirationsofthepeople,andrepresentsthefundamentalinterestsofthepeople.Whetherwecanachievethegeneraltaskofthenewperiod,whetherwecanacceleratethesocialistmodernization,andsignificantlyimprovepeople’slivesandstrengthennationaldefensebasedontherapiddevelopmentofproduction,thisisthemajorconcernofthepeopleofthewholecountry,anditisimportanttothepeaceandprogressoftheworld.Careerisalsoofgreatsignificance.Therealizationofthefourmodernizationsrequiresasubstantialincreaseinproductivity,whichinevitablyrequireschangesinmanyaspectsofproductionrelationsandsuperstructuresthatarenotcompatiblewiththedevelopmentofproductivity,andchangesinallunsuitablemanagementmethods,activitiesandthinkingmethods.Extensiveandprofoundrevolution.
Therearestillveryfewcounter-revolutionariesandcriminalsinourcountrywhoarehostiletoandunderminingmycountry'ssocialistmodernization.Wemustnotrelaxtheclassstrugglewiththem,andmustnotweakenthedictatorshipoftheproletariat.
ButasComradeMaoZedongsaid,thelarge-scaleviolentmassclassstrugglehasbasicallyended.Fortheclassstruggleinasocialistsociety,weshouldstrictlydistinguishandcorrectlyhandletwotypesofcontradictionsofdifferentnature.Toresolveit,followtheproceduresstipulatedbytheConstitutionandthelaw,andneverallowtoconfusetheboundariesbetweentwotypesofcontradictionsofdifferentnature,andneverallowtodamagethepoliticalsituationofstabilityandunityrequiredbythesocialistmodernizationdrive.Theplenarysessioncalledonthewholeparty,thewholearmy,andthepeopleofallethnicgroupsinthecountrytoworktogethertofurtherdevelopastableandunitedpoliticalsituation,andimmediatelymobilize,gatherenergy,andworktogethertobuildourcountryintoamodernandpowerfulsocialistcountrywithinthiscentury.GoonanewLongMarch.
(2)
Inordertomeetthegreattaskofsocialistmodernization,themeetingreviewedtheexperienceandlessonsofeconomicconstructionsincethefoundingofthePeople’sRepublicofChina.Themeetingheldthatthebasicpolicyputforwardinthe"OnTenMajorRelations"reportthatComradeMaoZedongsummarizedtheexperienceofmycountry'seconomicconstructionin1956isnotonlyanobjectivereflectionofeconomiclaws,butalsoanimportantguaranteeforsocialandpoliticalstability,anditstillmaintainsimportantguidingsignificance.Practicehasprovedthatbymaintainingthenecessarysocialandpoliticalstabilityandactinginaccordancewithobjectiveeconomiclaws,ournationaleconomywilldevelopatahighspeedandsteadily.Onthecontrary,thenationaleconomywilldevelopslowlyorevenstagnateandregress.Now,wehaveachievedastableandunitedpoliticalsituation,restoredandadheredtovariouseconomicpoliciesthathavebeeneffectiveforalongperiodoftime,andinaccordancewithnewhistoricalconditionsandpracticalexperience,wehaveadoptedaseriesofnewmajoreconomicmeasurestoimprovetheeconomicmanagementsystem.Startseriousreformswithmanagementmethods,activelydevelopequalandmutuallybeneficialeconomiccooperationwithcountriesaroundtheworldonthebasisofself-reliance,strivetoadopttheworld'sadvancedtechnologyandadvancedequipment,andvigorouslystrengthenthescientificandeducationalworknecessaryformodernization.Therefore,thereisnodoubtthatmycountry'seconomicconstructionwillcontinuetoadvanceatahighspeedandsteadily.
Theplenarysessiondiscussedandagreedinprinciplethearrangementsforthenationaleconomicplanforthetwoyearsof1979and1980.ItisrecommendedthattheStateCouncilsubmittheamendmenttothesecondmeetingoftheNationalPeople’sCongresstobeheldnextyearfordiscussionandapproval.Themeetingbelievedthatthisplanispositiveandfeasible.Themeetingpointedoutthatafterthesmashingofthe"GangofFour",mycountry'snationaleconomyhasrecoveredanddevelopedrapidly.In1978,thetotalindustrialandagriculturaloutputvalueandfiscalrevenuehaveincreasedsignificantly.However,itmustbenotedthatduetothelong-termdestructionofLinBiaoandtheGangofFour,therearestillmanyproblemsinthenationaleconomy.Somemajordisproportionatesituationshavenotbeencompletelychanged,andsomechaoticphenomenainproduction,construction,circulation,anddistributionhavenotbeencompletelyeliminated.Aseriesofproblemsaccumulatedovertheyearsinthelivesofurbanandruralpeoplemustbeproperlyresolved.Wemustconscientiouslysolvetheseproblemsstepbystepinthepastfewyears,andearnestlyachieveacomprehensivebalanceinordertolayasolidfoundationforrapiddevelopment.Infrastructureconstructionmustbecarriedoutinanactiveandorderlymanner.Wemustconcentrateoureffortstofightthewarofannihilation,andwemustnotswarmthem,resultinginwastedworkandwaste.
ThemeetingpointedoutthataseriousshortcomingofChina’scurrenteconomicmanagementsystemisthatpoweristooconcentrated,andleadershipshouldbeboldlydecentralized,sothatlocalandindustrialandagriculturalenterprisescanhavemoremanagementandmanagementundertheguidanceoftheunifiednationalplan.Autonomy;effortsshouldbemadetostreamlineeconomicandadministrativeinstitutionsatalllevels,andmostoftheirpowersshouldbetransferredtocorporateprofessionalcompaniesorjointcompanies;shouldberesolutelyimplementedinaccordancewitheconomiclaws,valuetheroleofthelaw,payattentiontotheideologicalandpoliticalworkandCombiningeconomicmeanstofullymobilizetheenthusiasmofcadresandworkersforproduction;undertheparty’sunifiedleadership,weshouldseriouslyresolvethephenomenonthatthepartydoesnotseparatethegovernmentandtheenterprise,thepartyisthegovernment,andthegovernmentistheenterprise,andthedivisionoflaborandresponsibilityshouldbeimplemented.,Strengthentheauthorityandresponsibilitiesofmanagementagenciesandmanagementpersonnel,reducemeetingdocuments,improveworkefficiency,andearnestlyimplementassessment,rewards,punishments,andpromotionsystems.Onlybyadoptingthesemeasurescantheinitiative,enthusiasm,andcreativityofthecentraldepartments,localities,enterprises,andindividuallaborersbebroughtintofullplay,sothatallsectorsandlinksofthesocialisteconomycandevelopvigorouslyingeneral.
Themeetingdiscussedagriculturalissuesindepthandagreedtosendthe"DecisionsoftheCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChinaonSeveralIssuesConcerningAcceleratingAgriculturalDevelopment(Draft)"and"RegulationsontheWorkofRuralPeople'sCommunes(TrialDraft)"toallprovinces,cities,andautonomousregionsDiscussionandtrialimplementation.
Theplenarysessionbelievesthatthewholepartymustconcentrateitsmainenergyondevelopingagricultureassoonaspossible,becauseagriculture,thefoundationofthenationaleconomy,hasbeenseverelydamagedinrecentyears,anditisstillveryweakasawhole.Onlybyvigorouslyrestoringandacceleratingthedevelopmentofagriculturalproduction,resolutelyandcompletelyimplementingtheprinciplesof"grainasthekeylink,comprehensivedevelopment,appropriatemeasurestolocalconditions,andappropriateconcentration",andthegradualrealizationofagriculturalmodernization,canweensuretherapiddevelopmentoftheentirenationaleconomy.Developmentcancontinuouslyimprovethelivingstandardsofthepeopleacrossthecountry.Tothisend,wemustfirstmobilizethesocialistenthusiasmofhundredsofmillionsofpeasantsinourcountry,fullycareabouttheirmaterialinterestseconomically,andearnestlyguaranteetheirdemocraticrightspolitically.Startingfromthisguidingideology,theplenarysessionputforwardaseriesofpolicymeasuresandeconomicmeasuresforthedevelopmentofagriculturalproduction.Themostimportantoftheseis:theownershipandautonomyofthepeople’scommunes,productionbrigadesandproductionteamsmustbeeffectivelyprotectedbynationallaws;thefreetransferandpossessionoflabor,funds,productsandmaterialsoftheproductionteamsarenotallowed;economicorganizationsatalllevelsofthecommunesmustEarnestlyimplementthesocialistprincipleofdistributionaccordingtowork,calculateremunerationinaccordancewiththequantityandqualityoflabor,andovercomeegalitarianism;privateplots,householdsidelinejobs,andmarkettradearenecessarysupplementarypartsofthesocialisteconomy,andnoonemayinterfereindiscriminately;people’scommunesWemustresolutelyimplementathree-levelownershipandteam-basedsystemthatisstableandunchanging;organizationsatalllevelsofthepeople’scommunesmustresolutelyimplementdemocraticmanagement,electionofcadres,andopenaccounts.Themeetingheldthatforarelativelylongperiodoftimeinthefuture,thenationalgrainpurchaseindexwillcontinuetoremainstableonthebasisofthe“definitefiveyears”from1971to1975,andover-purchasingofgrainisabsolutelyprohibited.
Inordertoreducethedifferenceintheexchangeofindustrialandagriculturalproducts,theplenarysessionrecommendedthattheStateCouncilmakeadecisiontoincreasethemonopolypurchasepriceofgrainby20%fromthetimewhenthesummergrainwaslaunchedin1979,andaddanother5%totheover-purchasedpart10.Thepurchasepricesofagriculturalandsidelineproductssuchascotton,oilcrops,sugarcrops,livestockproducts,aquaticproducts,andforestproductsshouldalsobeincreasedaccordingly.Onthebasisofreducingcosts,theex-factorypricesandsalespricesofagriculturalmachinery,fertilizers,pesticides,andagriculturalplasticswerereducedby10%-15%in1979and1980,andthebenefitsofcostreductionwerebasicallygiventofarmers.Afterthepurchasepriceofagriculturalproductsincreases,wemustensurethatthelivingstandardsofurbanworkerswillnotdecline.Thesellingpriceofgrainremainsunchanged;thesellingpriceofotheragriculturalproductsnecessaryforthepeople'slivesmustalsoberesolutelymaintained;andforcertainitemsthatmustberaised,consumersmustbegivenappropriatesubsidies.Themeetingalsodiscussedimportantissuessuchasstrengtheningagriculturalscienceeducation,formulatingregionalplansforthedevelopmentofagriculture,forestryandanimalhusbandry,establishingmodernagriculture,forestry,animalhusbandryandfisherybases,andactivelydevelopingruralcommunityandteamindustryandsidelineindustries,anddecidedtotakecorrespondingmeasures.
Theplenumpointedoutthatthelivesofurbanandruralpeoplemustbegraduallyimprovedonthebasisofproductionanddevelopment,andbureaucraticattitudesthatareindifferenttopressingissuesinpeople’slivesmustberesolutelyopposed.Atthesametime,mycountry’seconomyisstilllaggingbehind,andthepaceofimprovementinlifeisunlikelytobegreatatthemoment.Itisnecessarytokeepthepeopleinformedoftherelevantsituationandcontinuetostrengthenself-relianceandhard-workingrevolutionaryideologicaleducationamongthepeopleandyoungpeople.LeadingcomradesatalllevelsmustLeadbyexample.
(3)
ThemeetingseriouslydiscussedsomemajorpoliticaleventsthatoccurredduringtheCulturalRevolution,andalsodiscussedsomehistoricalissuesleftoverfrombeforetheCulturalRevolution.Themeetingbelievedthatresolvingtheseproblemsisessentialtofurtherconsolidatethestabilityandunityofthesituationandrealizethetransformationoftheworkcenterofthewholeparty,sothatthewholeparty,thewholearmy,andthepeopleofallethnicgroupsacrossthecountrycanlookforwardwithoneheartandmobilizeallpositivefactorsforthefourmodernizationefforts.Itisverynecessary.
Themeetingpointedout:In1975,whenComradeDengXiaopingwasentrustedbyComradeMaoZedongtopresideovertheworkoftheCentralCommittee,greatachievementsweremadeinallaspectsofwork,andthewholeparty,thewholearmyandthepeopleofthewholecountryweresatisfied.ComradeDengXiaopingandotherleadingcomradesoftheCentralCommittee,inaccordancewithComradeMaoZedong'sinstructions,wagedatit-for-tatstruggleagainsttheinterferenceanddestructionofthe"GangofFour".The"GangofFour"insistedondescribingthepoliticallineandworkachievementsin1975astheso-called"Rightiststyleofoverturningthecase."Thisreversedhistorymustbereversedagain.Themeetingpointedout:TheTiananmenSquareincidentonApril5,1976wascompletelyrevolutionary.Hundredsofmillionsofpeopleacrossthecountry,centeredontheTiananmenSquareincident,deeplymournedComradeZhouEnlaiandangrilydenouncedthegreatrevolutionarymassmovementofthe"GangofFour",whichlaidamassfoundationforourpartytosmashthe"GangofFour."Theplenarysessiondecidedtowithdrawthedocumentsissuedbythecentralgovernmentconcerningthe"counter-rightistoverturningthecase"campaignandtheTiananmenSquareincident.
ThemeetingreviewedandcorrectedthewrongconclusionsmadetoPengDehuai,TaoZhu,BoYibo,YangShangkunandothersinthepast,andaffirmedtheircontributionstothepartyandthepeople.ThemeetingpointedoutthattosolveproblemsleftoverfromhistorymustfollowtheprincipleofseekingtruthfromfactsandcorrectingallmistakesthatComradeMaoZedonghasalwaysadvocated.Onlybyresolutelyvindicatingfalsecases,correctingwrongcases,andresolvingunjustcasescanweconsolidatetheunityofthepartyandthepeopleandmaintaintheloftyprestigeofthepartyandComradeMaoZedong.Afterthemassmovementexposingandcriticizingthe"GangofFour"isover,thistaskmustberesolutelycompleted.ThemeetingunanimouslyagreedthattakingthesestepsisamanifestationofacompleteandaccurategraspofthescientificsystemofMaoZedongThoughtandamanifestationofholdinghighthebannerofChairmanMao.
Themeetingheldthatthepastmethodofsettingupaspecialagencytoreviewcadreswithoutthesupervisionofthepartyandthemasseswasextremelyflawedandmustbeabolishedforever.
Democracyandlegalissueswereseriouslydiscussedatthemeeting.Themeetingbelievedthatsocialistmodernizationrequirescentralizedandunifiedleadership,andstrictimplementationofvariousrulesandregulationsandlabordiscipline.Bourgeoisfactionalismandanarchismmustbefirmlyopposed.Buttheremustbesufficientdemocracytoachievecorrectconcentration.Inthepastperiod,democraticcentralismwasnotreallyimplemented,andtherewastoolittledemocracywithoutdemocracy.Atthistime,itisparticularlynecessarytoemphasizedemocracyandthedialecticalunityrelationshipbetweendemocracyandcentralization,sothattheparty’sunifiedleadershipandvariousproductionorganizationsEffectivecommandisbasedonthemassline.Intheideologicalandpoliticallifeofthepeople,onlydemocraticmethodscanbepracticed,andsuppressionandstrikemethodscannotbeadopted.Itisnecessarytoreiteratethe"threenodoctrines"ofnotgrabbingbraids,bucklinghats,andnothittingsticks.Leadersatalllevelsmustbegoodatconcentratingthecorrectopinionsofthepeopleandproperlyexplainandpersuadeincorrectopinions.TherightsofcitizensstipulatedintheConstitutionmustberesolutelyguaranteed,andnoonemayviolatethem.
Fromnowon,legislativeworkshouldbeplacedontheimportantagendaoftheNationalPeople’sCongressanditsStandingCommittee.Procuratorialorgansandjudicialorgansmustmaintaintheirdueindependence;theymustbefaithfultothelawandsystem,theinterestsofthepeople,andthetruth;theymustensurethateveryoneisequalbeforetheirownlaw,andnooneisallowedtoexceedthelaw.Privilegesabove.
(4)
Themeetingconductedin-depthdiscussionsontheissueoffurtherinheritingandcarryingforwardtheMarxiststyleofstudyadvocatedbyComradeMaoZedong,thatis,adherencetothematerialistideologicalline.Themeetingunanimouslyagreedthatonlywhencomradesinthepartyandthepeopleofthewholecountry,undertheguidanceofMarxism-LeninismandMaoZedongThought,emancipatetheirminds,workhardtostudynewsituations,newthingsandnewproblems,andadheretotheprinciplesofseekingtruthfromfacts,proceedingfromreality,andintegratingtheorywithpractice,canourpartybeOnlybysuccessfullyrealizingthetransformationoftheworkcentercanwecorrectlyresolvethespecificroads,policies,methods,andmeasuresforrealizingthefourmodernizations,andcorrectlyreformtheproductionrelationsandsuperstructuresthatarenotcompatiblewiththerapiddevelopmentofproductiveforces.
Inthepasttwoyears,throughin-depthexposingandcriticizingLinBiaoandthe"GangofFour"struggles,manyoftheirinvertedthoughtsandtheorieshavebeencorrected.However,therearestillmanycomradeswhodarenotboldlyraiseandsolveproblemsrealistically.Thisstatewasformedundercertainhistoricalconditions.TheplenumrequestedallcomradesinthepartyandthepeopleofthewholecountrytocontinuetobreakthespiritualshacklesofLinBiaoandthe"GangofFour",andatthesametimeresolutelyovercomethebureaucracyofover-concentrationofpower,thephenomenonofunclearrewardsandpunishments,andtheinfluenceofthehabitualforcesofsmallproductioninordertohelpeveryoneemancipatetheirminds."Startthemachine".
Themeetingspokehighlyofthediscussionaboutpracticeastheonlystandardfortestingtruth,andbelievedthatthishasfar-reachinghistoricalsignificanceforpromotingtheemancipationofthemindsofthecomradesofthewholepartyandthepeopleofthewholecountryandcorrectingtheideologicalline.Foraparty,acountry,andanation,ifeverythingstartsfromitsoriginalprinciplesanditsthinkingbecomesrigid,thenitwillnotbeabletomoveforward,itsvitalitywillcease,andthepartywillperish.
Themeetingemphaticallypointedout:ComradeMaoZedong'sgreatfeatsinthelong-termrevolutionarystruggleareindelible.WithouthisoutstandingleadershipandMaoZedongThought,thereisagreatpossibilitythattheChineserevolutionhasnotyetbeenvictorious.ThentheChinesepeoplewillstillbeunderthereactionaryruleofimperialism,feudalism,andbureaucraticcapitalism,andourpartywillreturn.Fighthardinthedark.ComradeMaoZedongisagreatMarxist.Hehasalwaysinsistedonthescientificattitudeofdividingintotwotoanyone,includinghimself.ItisnotMarxismtorequirearevolutionaryleadertobefreefromshortcomingsandmistakes,nordoesitconformtoComradeMaoZedong'shistoricalevaluationofhimself.
TheplenarysessionbelievesthattheCulturalRevolutionshouldalsobeviewedhistorically,scientifically,andrealistically.ComradeMaoZedonglaunchedsuchagreatrevolutionmainlyinviewofthechangesintheSovietUnion,startingfromtheanti-revisionprevention,whichiscompletelycorrect.Asfortheshortcomingsthatoccurredintheactualprocess,itisnecessarytosummarizetheexperienceandlessonsatanappropriatetimetounifytheunderstandingoftheentirepartyandthepeopleofthewholecountry,butitshouldnotbecarriedoutrushingly.Thiswillneitheraffectourpragmaticresolutionofallremainingproblemsinhistory,norwillitaffectourconcentrationonacceleratingtherealizationofthefourmodernizations,thegreatesthistoricaltaskofthemoment.
(5)
Accordingtotheexperienceandlessonsoftheparty’shistory,theplenarysessiondecidedtoimprovetheparty’sdemocraticcentralism,improvepartyregulationsandlaws,andstrictlyenforcepartydiscipline.
ComradeHuaGuofengemphasizedthecollectiveleadershipofthePartyCentralCommitteeandPartycommitteesatalllevelsatthemeeting.Heproposed:Nationalnewspapersandliteratureandartworksshouldsingmorepraisestotheworkers,peasantsandsoldiers,morepraisestothepartyandoldergenerationofrevolutionaries,andlesspublicitytoindividuals.TheplenarysessionfullyagreedwithandspokehighlyofComradeHuaGuofeng'sproposal,believingthatitisanimportantsignofthesoundnessofdemocraticlifewithintheparty.TheplenumreiteratedComradeMaoZedong’sconsistentpositionthatallpartieswithinthepartywouldcalleachothercomrades,notofficialtitles;andthepersonalopinionsofanyresponsiblepartymember,includingthecentralleadershipcomrades,shouldnotbecalled"instructions."
ThemeetingpointedoutthatitisnecessarytoprotecttherightofpartymemberstomakecriticalopinionsonsuperiorleadersandtheCentralStandingCommitteewithintheparty,andallpracticesthatdonotconformtotheparty’sprinciplesofdemocraticcentralismandcollectiveleadershipshouldberesolutelycorrected.
Themeetingheldthatthecountrymusthavenationallawsandthepartymusthavepartyregulationsandpartylaws.Allpartymembersandpartycadres,everyoneabidebypartydisciplineistheminimumrequirementfortherestorationofnormalpoliticallifeinthepartyandthecountry.Leadingcadresatalllevelsofthepartymusttaketheleadinstrictlyobservingpartydiscipline.Regardingthosewhoviolatepartydiscipline,nomatterwhotheyare,theymustbedisciplined,beclearaboutmeritsanddemerits,rewardsandpunishments,exerciserighteousness,andcrackdownonevilspirits.
TheplenumelectedtheCentralCommissionforDisciplineInspection,headedbyComradeChenYun.Thisisanimportantmeasuretoensuretheimplementationoftheparty'spoliticalline.ThefundamentaltaskoftheDisciplinaryInspectionCommitteeistomaintainpartyregulationsandlawsandeffectivelyimprovepartystyle.
Theplenarysessionpointedoutthatthroughthetwoyearsofeffortstosmashthe"GangofFour",theunityofthewholeparty,thewholearmyandthepeopleofallethnicgroupsinthecountryhasbeengreatlystrengthened,andtheconsciousnesshasbeengreatlyimproved.ComradeHuaGuofeng'scallto"solveproblemsandstabilizethesituation"and"emancipatethemindalittlebit,bebolder,bemorecourageous,bemoreeffective,andbefaster"hasbeendeeplyrootedintheheartsofthepeople.
AslongasthewholepartystrivestolearnMarxism-Leninism,MaoZedongThought,andtheskillsofsocialistmodernization,continuetoseektruthfromfacts,adheretothemassline,bebravetocreatenewexperiences,andmaintainamodestandcautiousattitude,andmakefullinvestigationsandstudies.Byimplementingmeticulousguidanceandnotfightingunpreparedbattlesandfightinguncertainbattles,wewillsurelybeabletospeeduptherealizationofthegeneraltasksinthenewperiod.Nodifficultywillpreventthepartyandthepeoplefromadvancingvictoriously.
Nextyearisthe30thanniversaryofthegreatPeople’sRepublicofChina.TheThirdPlenarySessionoftheEleventhCentralCommitteecalledonallpartycomrades,commandersandfightersoftheentirearmy,workersofallethnicgroups,peasants,intellectuals,allpartiesandnon-partypatrioticdemocrats:wewilltransfertheworkcentertosocialistmodernizationnextyearandachievewhatitdeservesHisachievementswillbethebesttributetothe30thanniversaryofthefoundingofthePeople’sRepublicofChina.LetusunitemorecloselyunderthebannerofMaoZedongThought,unitearoundthePartyCentralCommitteeheadedbyComradeHuaGuofeng,andstrivetofundamentallychangethebackwardnessofourcountryandbuildourcountryintoamodernandgreatsocialistpower!
Maincontent
Attheendof1978,theCPCCentralCommitteeheldtheThirdPlenarySessionoftheEleventhCentralCommitteeinBeijing.
Thismeetingbrokethroughtheseriousshacklesoflong-term"Left"errors,completelynegatedthe"TwoWhats"policy,spokehighlyofthediscussiononthestandardoftruth,andre-establishedtheparty'sideologicallineofseekingtruthfromfacts;
Theplenarysessionstoppedusingtheslogan"takeclassstruggleasthekeylink",andmadeagreatdecisiontoshiftthefocusoftheworkofthewholepartyandtheattentionofthepeopleofthewholecountrytothesocialistmodernizationdrive,andputforwardthegreatdecisionofreformandopeningup;
p>ThemeetingactuallyformedacollectiveleadershipofthePartyCentralCommitteewithDengXiaopingasthecore.
Significanceandinfluence
TheThirdPlenarySessionoftheEleventhCentralCommitteeofthePartyopenedanewerainthehistoryofreformandopeningup
TheThirdPlenarySessionoftheCentralCommitteeopenedanewperiodinthehistoryofreformandopeningup.ThereportoftheSeventeenthNationalCongressoftheCommunistPartyofChinamadesuchanincisivesummarythatcontainsabroadhistoricalbackgroundandprofoundideologicalcontentwhenreviewingandsummarizingthegreathistoricalprocessofreformandopeningupinthepast29yearsinthenewperiod.LookingbackatthehistorybeforeandaftertheThirdPlenarySessionoftheEleventhCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChina,wecandeepenourunderstandingofthispointfromthecombinationoftheoryandpractice.
InOctober1976,thePartyCentralCommitteesmashedthe"GangofFour"inonefellswoop,savingthepartyandthecountryfromthecrisis,butthepolitical,ideological,organizationalandeconomicchaosleftoverfromthe"CulturalRevolution"stillexisted.Theparty'sguidingideologyhasnotbeenclarifiedasitshouldbe.Thebroadmassesofcadresandthemassesstronglydemandthatthetheories,principles,andpoliciesofthe"CulturalRevolution"becorrectedandtheserioussituationcreatedinthepastdecadecanbereversed.ItwasatthishistoricaljuncturethattheThirdPlenarySessionoftheEleventhCentralCommitteeofthePartyfundamentallybrokethroughthe"Left"conceptandclearlypointedoutthatthescientificsystemofMaoZedongThoughtmustbefullyandaccuratelymastered.
Theplenarysessionspokehighlyofthediscussiononthestandardoftruth,re-establishedtheMarxistideological,political,andorganizationalline,andmadeamovetoshiftthefocusofthepartyandthecountry’sworktosocialistmodernizationandimplementreforms.Openstrategicdecision-making.AttheCentralWorkingConferenceheldbeforetheThirdPlenarySessionoftheEleventhCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChina,thefamousspeech"EmancipatingtheMind,SeekingTruthfromFacts,andLookingForwardinUnity"waspublished.Proceedingfrombooks,ideologicalrigidity,andsuperstitionprevailing,thenitwillnotbeabletoadvance,itsvitalitywillcease,andtheimportantthesisthatthepartyandthecountrywillbedestroyed,representsagreatandgreatawakeningoftheChineseCommunistsundertheconditionsofthenewera.
TheThirdPlenarySessionoftheEleventhCentralCommitteeofthePartyopenedanewerainthehistoryofreformandopeningup.Thegreatandfar-reachingturningpointinthehistoryofourpartysincethefoundingofNewChinabeganwiththisplenarysession.Ourparty'scomprehensivesettlingofchaosintheideological,political,andorganizationalfieldsstartedfromthisplenarysession.Thegreatsocialistreformandopeningupwaskickedoffbythisplenum.ThenewroadofbuildingsocialismwithChinesecharacteristicswasopenedwiththisplenarysessionasthestartingpoint.Thepowerfultheoreticalweaponforguidingreform,openingup,andsocialistmodernization,thetheoryofbuildingsocialismwithChinesecharacteristics,begantograduallytakeshapeanddeveloparoundthisplenarysession.Inaword,theThirdPlenarySessionoftheEleventhCentralCommitteeofthePartymarked:Chinahassinceenteredanewhistoricalperiodofreformandopeningupandsocialistmodernization,andtheCommunistPartyofChinahassinceembarkedonanewexplorationofbuildingsocialismwithChinesecharacteristics.
ThemostfundamentalaspectofthehistoricalchangesinthefaceoftheChinesepeopleisthatundertheguidanceoftheemancipationofthemindandseekingtruthfromfactsre-establishedattheThirdPlenarySessionofthe11thCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChina,itbrokethroughmanyofthelong-termconfinementofpeople’sthoughts.Theoldconcepthasgotridofmanyideologicalshacklesandrestraints,invigoratedthegreatinnovativeandcreativespirit,pioneeringspirit,andthespiritofhardworkandprosperity,inspiringunprecedentedenthusiasm,initiative,andcreativity,andcreatingdevelopmentachievementsthathaveattractedworldwideattention.
ThemostfundamentalofthehistoricalchangesinthefaceofsocialistChinaisthetheoryandpracticeofdenying"classstruggleasthekeylink"attheThirdPlenarySessionoftheEleventhCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChina,andscientificevaluationofthegreatleaderMaoZedong.ComradesandMaoZedongThought,shiftthefocusoftheworkofthewholepartyandtheattentionofthepeopleofthewholecountrytothesocialistmodernizationdrive,undertheguidanceofthehistoricdecisiontoimplementreformandopeningup.mycountryhasachievedaprofoundtransformationfrom"takingclassstruggleasthekeylink"tocenteringoneconomicconstruction,fromclosedandsemi-closedtoreformandopeningup,andfromplannedeconomytomarketeconomy.China,withapopulationofmorethanonebillion,hascreatedandcontinuestocreateVigoroussocialism,socialistChinastandstallintheeastoftheworldwithabrand-newfacethatfacesmodernization,theworld,andthefuture.
ThemostfundamentalaspectofthehistoricalchangesinthefaceoftheCommunistPartyofChinaistousetheThirdPlenarySessionoftheEleventhCentralCommitteeofthePartyasasymboltocorrecttheParty’sguidingideologyandre-establishtheMarxistideologicalandpoliticalline.Withthisasastartingpoint,relyingfirmlyonthecollectivewisdomofthebroadmassesofcadresandthemasses,summinguphistoricalexperienceindepthfromallaspects,andbravelywalkingitsownpaththroughcorrectingchaosandcomprehensivereforms,andexploringtheconstructionofsocialismwithChinesecharacteristics.Thepracticeoftheroadcreatedanewsituationfortheparty’scause,openedupanewrealmofSinicizationofMarxism,andinthisprocessstrengthenedandimprovedtheparty’sleadershipandpartybuilding,enablingthepartytowintheheartfeltsupportofthepeopleandbecomeasocietywithChinesecharacteristics.Thecoreofstrongleadershipforthecauseofsocialism.
AftertheThirdPlenarySessionoftheEleventhCentralCommittee,whatadjustmentshavebeenmadetotheParty’sruralpolicies?
Inthesecondhalfof1978,ruralvillagesinAnhuiandSichuantriedout-to-householdandgroup-to-groupproductionmethodsandachievedobviousresults.
InSeptember1979,theFourthPlenarySessionoftheEleventhCentralCommitteepassedthe"DecisiononSeveralIssuesConcerningAcceleratingAgriculturalDevelopment",allowingfarmerstooperateindependentlyaccordingtotimeandlocalconditions.
InMay1980,DengXiaopingaffirmedthepeasants'reformfeatsinatalk,andaffirmedthepracticeoflarge-scalecontractinginsomelocalities.InSeptember,theCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChinaissued"SeveralIssuesRegardingFurtherStrengtheningandImprovingtheAgriculturalProductionResponsibilitySystem",statingthatthereisnodangerofcapitalistrestoration.
By1983,thewholecountrywillbeimplemented.The"doublepackage"productionteamhasreached93%,andmostofthemarecontractedtohouseholds.
ProblemSolving
Themainproblemssolvedbythismeetingare:
First,re-establishtheparty’sMarxistideologicalline
b>.Theplenarysessionresolutelycriticizedthewrongpolicyof"TwoWhats",spokehighlyofthediscussiononthestandardoftruth,anddeterminedtheguidelinesofemancipatingthemind,usingthebrain,seekingtruthfromfacts,andlookingforwardinunity.
Secondly,Re-establishedtheparty’spoliticalline.
Theplenarysessiondecisivelystoppedusingtheslogansof"takingclassstruggleasthekeylink"and"continuingtherevolutionunderthedictatorshipoftheproletariat",andmadeastrategicdecisiontoshiftthefocusofworktosocialistmodernization,andwasfar-sighted.Thetaskofreformingallaspectsoftheworkofthepartyandthestatewasputforward.
Third,thecorrectorganizationallineofthepartyhasbeenre-established.
Proposedthetaskofimprovingsocialistdemocracyandstrengtheningthesocialistlegalsystem,examiningandsolvinganumberofmajorunjust,falseandwrongcasesintheparty’shistoryandthemeritsanddemeritsofsomeimportantleaders.CorrectedpastwrongconclusionsmadetoPengDehuai,TaoZhu,BoYibo,YangShangkunandothers.TheplenarysessionelectedChenYunasViceChairmanoftheCPCCentralCommittee,DengYingchao,HuYaobang,andWangZhenasmembersofthePoliticalBureauoftheCentralCommittee,andelectedtheCentralCommissionforDisciplineInspectionheadedbyChenYun.TheThirdPlenarySessionoftheEleventhCentralCommitteeisanimportantmeetingoffar-reachingsignificanceintheparty’shistorysincethefoundingofthePeople’sRepublicofChina.Itfundamentallybrokethroughtheseriousshacklesoflong-term“Left”errors,correctedtheparty’sguidingideology,andre-establishedtheparty’sMarxism.Thecorrectroute.Ithasplayedagreathistoricalroleinbringingorderoutofchaos,proposingreformtasks,andpromotingruralreforms.
Agreatturningpoint
TheThirdPlenarySessionoftheEleventhCentralCommitteeendedthesituationinwhichtheparty’sworkwasadvancinginthetwoyearsafterthesmashingofthe"GangofFour"andrealizedthehistoricalprogressofthepartysincethefoundingofthePeople’sRepublicofChina.Greatturningpoint.Thisgreatturningpointisoverallandfundamental,andisconcentratedinthefollowingmainaspects:
First,thePlenarySessionhasachievedtheideologicallineofbringingorderoutofchaos.
Thecorrectingofchaosintheideologicallineisthepremiseandforerunnerofcorrectingchaosinallaspects.Theplenarysessionbrokethroughthedogmatismandpersonalitycultthatexistedintheparty’sguidingideology,criticizedthe"twowhats"policy,spokehighlyofthediscussiononthestandardoftruth,andpointedoutthatpracticeistheonlycriterionfortestingtruthandisbasedontheparty’sideologicalline.Thefundamentalprinciplethusre-establishedtheMarxistideologicallineofseekingtruthfromfacts.WhilefullyaffirmingthegreatroleofthegreatleaderComradeMaoZedonginthelong-termrevolutionarystruggleofourcountry,theconferenceemphasizedtheneedtograspandapplyMaoZedongThoughtfromthescientificsystem,andnotcopyeverythinganddonotengagein"twoalls".Otherwise,thepartyandthecountrywilllosetheirvitality,andthepartyandthecountrywillbedestroyed.Theplenumpointedout:"ThenobletaskofthePartyCentralCommitteeonthetheoreticalfrontistoleadandeducatetheentirePartyandthepeopleofthewholecountrytohistoricallyandscientificallyunderstandComradeMaoZedong’sgreatachievements,tofullyandaccuratelygraspthescientificsystemofMaoZedongThought,andtointegrateMarxism-LeninismandLeninism.ThegeneralprinciplesofMaoZedongThoughtwerecombinedwiththeconcretepracticeofsocialistmodernizationanddevelopedundernewhistoricalconditions."
Secondly,theplenarysessionrestoredtheparty’straditionofdemocraticcentralism..
Theplenarysessiondiscussedandemphaticallyputforwardthetaskofimprovingsocialistdemocracyandstrengtheningthesocialistlegalsystem.Theplenarysessiondecidedtoimprovetheparty’sdemocraticcentralism,improvepartyregulationsandpartylaws,andstrictlyenforcepartydisciplinebasedontheparty’shistoricalexperience;allpartymembersandpartycadresmustabidebydiscipline,whichistheminimumrequirementfortherestorationofnormalpoliticallifeofthepartyandthecountry;emphasizingthepartyThecentralandpartycommitteesatalllevelsmuststrengthencollectiveleadership.Inresponsetothe"CulturalRevolution"andthedestructionofthepoliticallifeofthepartyandthecountrybeforeit,theplenumpointedout:Theremustbesufficientdemocracytoachievecorrectconcentration.Intheideologicalandpoliticallifeofthepeople,onlydemocraticmethodscanbepracticed,andsuppressionandstrikemethodscannotbeadopted.TherightsofcitizensstipulatedintheConstitutionmustberesolutelyguaranteed,andnoonemayviolatethem.Inordertoprotectpeople’sdemocracy,thesocialistlegalsystemmustbestrengthenedtoinstitutionalizeandlegalizedemocracy,sothatthissystemandlawhavestability,continuity,andgreatauthority,sothattherearelawstofollow,andlawsmustbefollowedandenforced.Strictly,violationsofthelawmustbeinvestigated.
Third,theplenarysessionmadeanewdecisiontoimplementreformandopeningup,andstartedanewprocessofruralreform.
Whentheplenarymeetingagreedinprincipletothenationaleconomicplanningarrangementsforthetwoyearsof1979and1980,itproposedthatattentionshouldbepaidtosolvingthemajorimbalanceofthenationaleconomyandachievingacomprehensivebalance.Theplenarysessionalsodiscussedagriculturalissues,thinkingthatagriculture,thefoundationofthenationaleconomyasawhole,isstillveryweak.Onlybyvigorouslyrestoringandacceleratingthedevelopmentofagriculturalproductioncanthelivingstandardsofthepeopleacrossthecountrybeimproved.Theplenarysessionputforwardaseriesofpoliciesandmeasuresforthecurrentdevelopmentofagriculture,andagreedtosenddocumentssuchasthe"DecisionsoftheCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChinaonSeveralIssuesConcerningAcceleratingAgriculturalDevelopment(Draft)"tovariousprovinces,cities,andautonomousregionsfordiscussionandtrialimplementation.Thisdocumentwasofficiallyreleasedafterbeingrevisedandenriched,andthensomeimportantagriculturaldocumentswereformulatedandissuedforimplementation,whichstronglypromotedtheprocessofruralreform.
Fourth,theplenarysessionbegantosystematicallycleanupmajorhistoricaldisputes.
Theplenarysessionseriouslydiscussedsomemajorpoliticaleventsthatoccurredduringthe"CulturalRevolution"andalsodiscussedsomehistoricalissuesleftoverfrombeforethe"CulturalRevolution".ThemeetingaffirmedDengXiaoping’sgreatachievementsinallaspectsoftheworkduringtheperiodwhenMaoZedongwasentrustedbyMaoZedongin1975,affirmedhisandothercentralleaders’struggleagainsttheinterferenceandsabotageofthe"GangofFour",andaffirmedtheTiananmenSquareincidentonApril5,1976.TherevolutionarynatureofthePeople’sRepublicofChinadecidedtorevokethe“wrongdocumentsissuedbythecentralgovernmentregardingthecounterattackagainsttheright-handedoverturningmovementandtheTiananmenSquareincident”.ThemeetingreviewedandcorrectedpastconclusionsmadetocomradesPengDehuai,TaoZhu,BoYibo,andYangShangkun,andaffirmedtheircontributionstothepartyandthepeople.
TheplenaryelectedChenYunasamemberofthePolitburo,amemberoftheStandingCommitteeofthePolitburo,andavicechairman,andDengYingchao(female),HuYaobang,andWangZhenasmembersofthePolitburo;HuangKecheng,SongRenqiong,HuQiaomu,XiZhongxunandWangwereaddedRenZhong,HuangHuoqing,ChenZaidao,HanGuang,andZhouHuiweremembersoftheCentralCommittee(approvedatthepreparatorymeetingofthe12thNationalCongressoftheCommunistPartyofChinaonAugust30,1982).ThemeetingdecidedtoestablishtheCentralCommissionforDisciplineInspection,andelectedChenYunasthefirstsecretaryoftheCentralCommissionforDisciplineInspection,DengYingchaoasthesecondsecretary,HuYaobangasthethirdsecretary,HuangKechengastheexecutivesecretary,andWangHeshouasthedeputysecretaries.
ThesesignificantchangesintheleadershipworkmadebytheThirdPlenarySessionoftheEleventhCentralCommitteeindicatethattheCommunistPartyofChinahasbrokenthroughthe“Left”concept,correctedtheparty’sguidingideology,andmadethemajorityofpartymembersThecadresandthemasseswereliberatedfromthecultofpersonalityanddogmatisminthepast,andcomprehensivelyrestoredandestablishedthecorrectlineofMarxism-LeninismandMaoZedongThoughtideologically,politically,andorganizationally.Thesituationinwhichtheworkisadvancingwhilelingeringhasledthesocialistcauseundertheleadershipofthepartytothepathofhealthydevelopment.TheThirdPlenarySessionoftheEleventhCentralCommitteeofthePartymadeamajordecisiontoimplementreformandopeningup,andDengXiaopingTheoryhasgraduallyformedanddeveloped!TheThirdPlenarySessionoftheEleventhCentralCommitteeofthePartyopenedanewchapterinthehistoryofthePartyandthecountry,andwasagreatturningpointinthehistoryofourPartysincethefoundingofthePeople’sRepublicofChina.
ConferenceHighlights
●Criticizedthe"TwoWhats"policyandspokehighlyofthediscussiononthestandardoftruth.
●Stopusingtheslogan"Classstruggleasthekeylink"anddenythe"ContinuedRevolutionundertheProletarianDictatorship"inthe"CulturalRevolution"followedbythe11thNationalCongressoftheCommunistPartyofChina.Tocarryoutmultipleviews.
●Thetaskofreformandopeningupisproposed.Itispointedoutthattorealizethefourmodernizations,greatlyincreaseproductivity,andchangeallunsuitablemanagementmethods,activities,andthinkingmethodsisabroadandprofoundrevolution.
●Discussedtheissueofdemocracyandthelegalsystem,strictlydistinguishedandcorrectlyhandledtwotypesofcontradictionsofdifferentnaturestoensurestabilityandunity.Strengthenthesocialistlegalsystemtoinstitutionalizeandlegalizedemocracy.
●Persistinseekingtruthfromfactstosolvehistoricalproblemsandmakeacomprehensivesummaryofthe"CulturalRevolution".TounderstandthegreatachievementsofComradeMaoZedonghistoricallyandscientifically,andtomasterthescientificsystemofMaoZedongThoughtinacompleteandaccuratemanner.