Impliedconcepts
Intellectualresourcesarenotonlyhumancapital(individualorgroup)withcertainknowledgeandskillsandtheirintelligence(knowledge,management,brainpower,creativity,etc.),butalsoIncludingtangibleresourcesthatexistasintellectualachievementsandintellectualcarriers,aswellasvariousscientificresearchinstitutionsengagedinbasicscientificresearchandapplieddevelopmentresearch.Atthesametime,themanagement,use,anddevelopmentofintellectualresourcesandotherresourcesarethemselvesakindofintellectualresources.Fromaformalpointofview,intellectualresourcescanberoughlydividedintotwoaspects:personalintellectualresourcesandorganizationalintellectualresources.Fromtheperspectiveoftimeandspace,intellectualresourcescanbedividedintostaticintellectualresourcesanddynamicintellectualresources.Theformerreferstoindividualsororganizationswhoseknowledgeandabilitylevelsarerelativelystable,whilethelatterreferstoindividualsororganizationswhoseknowledgeandabilitylevelschangewithtimeandspaceandtheexternalenvironment.Thecorepartofintellectualresourcesisknowledge,whichincludesnotonlyexplicitknowledgebutalsotacitknowledge.
Basicfeatures
Asthefirstresourceoftheknowledgeeconomy,intellectualresourcesnotonlyhaverichcontent,butalsohaveadvantagesandcharacteristicsthatotherresourcesdonothave.Insummary,intellectualresourceshavethefollowingninebasiccharacteristics:
1.Intellectualresourcesareacombinationoftangibleandintangibleresources.Amongthem,materializedproductssuchastools,equipment,andinstrumentscontainingintelligenceandpeoplewithinnovativeintelligencearetangibleresources,whiletheoreticalresourcessuchasknowledge,information,booksandmaterials,aswellashumanlearningability,organizationalability,managementartandotherintelligenceareintangibleresources.
2.Intellectualresourcesareeasilymobile.Generally,intellectualresourcesarenoteasilyconfinedandrestrictedbytimeandspaceconditions.Thehigherthematerialandspiritualcivilizationofsocialdevelopment,thestrongerthemobilityofintellectualresources.Forexample,withthedevelopmentofthetransportationindustry,sometangibleintellectualresourcescanbereachedwithinarelativelyshortperiodoftime;andwiththepopularizationoftheInternet,thosetheoreticalintellectualresourcescanalsobespreadwithinafewseconds.Thewholeworld;inaddition,withthechangeofpeople'sideas,themobilityofhumanresourcesinintellectualresourceswillbecomegreaterandgreater.
3.Intellectualresourcescanbesharedconditionally.Althoughpatentedtechnologiesinintellectualresourcesarenotdirectlyshared,mosttechnologiescanbesharedatacertaintransactionfee;andsomeintellectualresourcescanbeusedbydifferentpeopleindifferentplacesatthesametime,suchasknowledge,information,Theoreticalresourcessuchasbooksandmaterials.
4.Intellectualresourcesarehighlyvalue-added.Thehighvalue-addednatureofintellectualresourcescanbeprovednotonlybycomparingthespeedoftheoriginalaccumulationofcapitalwiththespeedofnewrichesnow,butalsobythedegreeofdependenceonnaturalresourcesandintellectualresources.Intheoriginalaccumulationprocessofcapitalistcapital,ittookseveralgenerationsofeffortstoreachhundredsofmillionsofassets,whileBillGatesnowtooklessthan20years.Itsassetshavereached51billionU.S.dollars.Ontheotherhand,thevalue-addednatureofnaturalresourcesissupportedbytheoperationofintellectualresources.Withouttheparticipationofintellectualresources,humanlaborcannotbecombinedwithnaturalresources,andnaturalresourcescannotaddvalue.Withtherapiddevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,Theincreaseinintellectualresourceswillrelylessandlessonnaturalresources.
5.Intellectualresourcesareincrementalandlong-termbeneficial.Intellectualresourcesareaninexhaustibletreasurehouse.Inthedevelopmentandapplicationofintellectualresources,notonlywilltheynotdecrease,butwillcontinuetoincrease,andtheywillcontinuetobeenrichedwiththedevelopmentofhistory.Inparticular,theoreticalresourcessuchastheaccumulationofbasicknowledge,thegraspofbasiclaws,andtheabsorptionofimportantexperience,fortheowner,cannotonlybringeconomicbenefits,butalsospiritualbenefits.Ontheonehand,thesetheoreticalresourcesmayenabletheirownerstocreatenewintellectualachievementsandobtaineconomicbenefits;orobtainaspecificoperatingspecificationtoadapttoacertainjobtoobtainincome;orguideindividualbehaviortomakeittoavoiddetours.Ontheotherhand,itmayalsoenableitsownerstocultivatetheirsentiments,obtainspiritualhappiness,andgaintherespectofothers.ThisreflectsMaslow’shierarchicalneedstheory,whichmeansthatintellectualresourcescanenableitsownerstoobtainlowerlevels.Thedemandcanalsomakeitobtainhigh-leveldemand.Becauseitisfundamentallydifferentfromthecharacteristicofusingalittlebitlessbasedonnaturalresources,governmentsofallcountriesareconstantlystrengtheningthedevelopmentandutilizationofintellectualresources,makingthefieldofintellectualdevelopmentmoreactive.
6.Intellectualresourcesarecommercial.Basedonthevalueandusevalueofintellectualresources,commodityattributesarepresentedintheconversionprocessofitsusevalue.Withtheprogressofhistoryandtheaccelerationofthetransformationoftechnologytoindustry,thetimegapbetweenvalueandusevaluerepresentationisgettingsmallerandsmaller,makingitacommoditySexismoreobvious.
7.Thevalueofintellectualresourcesisvulnerable.Duetotheadvancementofscienceandtechnology,therateofagingofknowledgehasincreased,andtherateofdeclineoftechnologyhasincreased.Undersuchcircumstances,someofouroriginalknowledgeandskillscannotmeettheneedsofsociety.Butthevulnerabilityofintellectualresourcesdoesnotmeanthattheoriginalknowledgeandskillsarenolongeruseful.Theyarethebasisfortheformationofnewintellectualresources,andsomeintellectualresourceswillnotevendepreciateforlife.
8.Thedevelopmentandinvestmentofintellectualresourcesarenon-disposableandcontinuous.Undernormalcircumstances,people’sacquisitionof"natural"and"natural"naturalresourcesisbasicallyaone-off,sothattheconceptof"mining"hasbeendirectlyrelatedto"resources(mainlynaturalresources)"foralongtime.Connect.However,long-termresourcedevelopmenthascausedecologicalproblemsconcerningthewholeworld.Accordingtocalculations,theworld'sforestresourcestotalabout3.1x1011m3,andtherecoverablereservesofpetroleumresourcesarelessthan9x1013kg.Itcanbeminedforupto30years,thetotalresourceisabout2×1014kg,andtheresourcelifeisabout50-100years;iron,manganese,chromium,copper,lead,zinc,sulfur,phosphorus,potassiumandothermetallicandnon-metallicmineralresourceshavebeenprovenTheusefullifeofreservesgenerallydoesnotexceed50years.Unlikenaturalresourcesthatcanbeacquiredthroughaone-timeinvestment,theacquisitionofintellectualresourcesisbasedoncontinuousinvestmentandcontinuousdevelopment.
9.Theintelligencecarriedbythesubjectisnon-inheritable.Thispartofintellectualresourcesisahumanthing,inseparablefromthesubject,andwilldisappearwiththedemiseofthesubject.Ofcourse,theownercanpasshislife’sgainstofuturegenerationsthroughwritingsororaltransmissions,butthefuturegenerationsmustlearntoobtainthem.Thisisnotadirectinheritanceofreality;andtheintelligenceascreativityisnotinheritable,creationPoweriscloselyrelatedtohumanpersonalityandisnotuniversal.Sometimeswedon’tevenknowhowtocreateit,becauseitmaycomefrominspiration.
Thesebasiccharacteristicsofintellectualresourcesnotonlyhelppeoplegetoutoftheeconomicgrowthcycleatthecostofresourceexhaustionandenvironmentaldamageinafundamentalsense,butalsoprovideafundamentalguaranteeforsolvingandmaintainingthesustainabledevelopmentofresources;Andithascreatedgoodconditionsforthereasonableuseofnaturalresourcesasmuchaspossible.Inotherwords,thedevelopmentandapplicationofintellectualresources,ontheonehand,canmakeitpossibleforhumanbeingstogetridoftheconstraintsofresourcesandenvironmentoneconomicdevelopment,andshortentheeconomicandtechnologicalgapbetweendevelopingcountriesanddevelopedcountries;ontheotherhand,,Canalsopromotepeopletodeveloptraditionalresourcesindepthagain,andmaximizetheapplicationprospectsoftraditionalresources.Forexample,themainrawmaterialsforcomputerchipsarenaturalstones;therawmaterialsforcontrolledthermonuclearfusionfornewandrenewableenergysourcesarehydrogeninwater.Itisinthissensethatwiththeadventoftheknowledgeeconomy,thedevelopmentandutilizationofintellectualresourcestoagreatextenthasincreasinglybecomeanimportantstrategicchoicefortheeconomicdevelopmentofvariouscountries,andhasbecomeaneconomicfeatureofthe21stcentury.
Effects
Resourcesaretheguaranteeforthesurvivalofanenterprise.Foranenterprisetotransitionfromthesurvivalstateofthefittesttothebasicsurvivalstate,themostimportantresourceismaterialresources.Materialresourcesarethebasicresourcestoensurethatcompaniescanliveandlivewell.Whenthecompany'smaterialresourcesaccumulatetoacertainextent,thestateofsurvivalbeginstoshifttothecoreofsurvival.Coresurvivalistheultimategoalofacompany'sfuturesurvival.Frombasicsurvivaltocoresurvivalrequiresalongtransitionalstage.Inthisstage,theenterprise'sresourceguaranteegraduallytransitionstointellectualresources.Intellectualresourcesarethesoftpowerguaranteeforanenterprisetomovefromastateofmaterialsurvivaltoastateofspiritualsurvival.
Thecivilizationofmodernsocietyiskeepingbloodywarsawayfromourvision,buttheinherentcompetitivestateofthemarketeconomyisalwayswithus.Withthedepletionofnaturalresourcesandthecomplexityoftheenvironment,thedesireforsurvivalanddevelopmentofenterpriseshasbecomestrongerandstronger,andmarketcompetitionhasnaturallybecomemorefierceandcruel.Thenewlivingenvironmenthaspromptedmorecompaniestorealizethathead-to-headdirectcompetitionwillonlydestroytheeconomicecologyofsymbiosisandultimatelywillnotbenefittheparticipantsinthecompetition.Theeraoftheneweconomyneedsaharmoniouslivingenvironmentandneedstogobeyondcompetition.Thisisthetransformationofenterprisesfromamaterial-basedeconomicmodeltoaknowledge-basedeconomicmodel.Thistransformationrequiresprofoundchangesinthebusinessandmanagementthinkingofenterprises.Economicglobalizationhastransformeddomesticcompetitionintointernationalcompetition.Businessmanagementactivitiessuchasstrategiclayout,productdevelopment,productionandmarketingofenterpriseswillallbecarriedoutonaglobalscale.Facedwithamorecomplexeconomicenvironment,enterprisesmuststrengthencooperationwithexternalorganizations.Cooperationtoenhancesurvivability.Intheneweconomicera,thegrowthofcorporateeconomicbenefitswillrelymoreontheproduction,diffusionandapplicationofknowledge.Companiesmustrelyonresourcessuchasknowledgeandinformationratherthanfinancialcapitalornaturalresourcestoseekgreatercompetitiveadvantages.
Intheeraoftheneweconomy,enterprisesrelyonintellectualresources,andthemostfundamentalcarrierofintellectualresourcesishumans.Theemotions,knowledge,andinformationexpressedthroughhumanactivitiesarethesurvivalofenterprisesintheneweconomicera.Thekeyresourcesneeded.Integratingintellectualresources,themostimportantthingistoimproveandenhancethemanagementofpeople.
Fromanemotionalperspective,tointegrateintellectualresources,communicationmanagementmustbedonewell.Throughcommunicationmanagement,arelaxedenvironmentcanbecreatedwithintheenterprisetosatisfyemployees’senseofparticipation;aneffectivecommunicationnetworkcanbeformed,sothatinformationcanbetransmittedinatimelyandaccuratemannerwithintheorganization,promptingrapiddecision-making,formingagoodresponsemechanism,andadaptingtotheever-changingmarket.;Itcanstrengthenthesenseofrespectforpeopleandimproveworkefficiency;itcanreleasetheemotionalfactorsthatarenotconducivetoworkandphysicalhealth,andestablishagoodandcompletecommunicationmanagementsystem.
Fromtheperspectiveoforganizationalstructure,tointegrateintellectualresources,amanagementmodelthatadaptstofuturesurvivaltrendsmustbeestablished.Flexiblesurvivalisthegeneraltrendofthefuturesurvivalofenterprises,andthistrendismorereflectedinflexiblemanagement.Flexiblemanagementisaknowledgeworker-orientedmanagementintheneweconomicera.Itdoesnotdependonafixedorganizationalstructureandstablerulesandregulations.Itchangeswithtime,externalenvironmentandotherobjectiveconditions.,Anewwayofhumanresourcemanagementthatisresponsive,flexibleandchangeable.
Fromtheperspectiveofresourceobjects,tointegrateintellectualresources,aknowledge-basedandcoremanagementsystemmustbeestablished.Theneweconomyisaneconomyinwhichthepossession,allocation,productionandconsumptionofintellectualresourcesandknowledgeandtechnologyarethebasicelements.Itrequiresenterprisestoconductmanagementbasedonandcoreknowledgeandestablishanewknowledgemanagementmodel.Knowledgemanagementisthemanagementofaseriesofprocessessuchascollection,organization,innovation,diffusion,useanddevelopmentoftheknowledgethatenterprisesrelyonforproductionandoperation.
Comparedwithtraditionalmanagement,knowledgemanagementpaysmoreattentiontoknowledgeandhumanresources.Themanagementofenterprisesundertheconditionsoftheneweconomyneedstopayattentiontospiritualmotivation,sothatthemanagedpersonrealizesthatheisalsoamemberofthemanagementteam,andthenhecangivefullplaytohisself-consciousness.Atthesametime,companiesshouldalsoattachimportancetoreputationmanagementandhumanisticethics.Reputationmanagementisanewwayofcompetitionformodernenterpriseorganizations,anditsgoalistoestablisharelationshipofmutualtrustbetweenthepublicandtheenterprise.Reputationmanagementextendstheconnotationofmanagementbeyondtheenterprise,emphasizingtheoverallgoalsofthesocietyandsustainabledevelopmentstrategies.Enterprisemanagementpursuesthepromotionoftheharmoniousdevelopmentoftheentiresocietywhilepursuingitsownvaluegoals.