Ethics

Textsourcestream

Knowledgeandpictophoneticcharacters.Judgingfromtheoracle-boneinscriptionsinFigure1inGroupA,theleftsideofitis"彳"(chì),whichmeans"walking"inancientwritings;therightpartisthecharacter"straight",whichisshapedlikeaneyeAstraightlinemeansthattheeyesneedtolookright;thecombinationofthetwomeans"thewaytoberight,andtherighttosee"means."Straight"alsohasthefunctionofexpressingpronunciation.TheoracleboneinscriptioninFigure2ofGroupAisa"straight"characterinthemiddleoftheword"Xing",anditsmeaningisthesameasthatofPicture1ofGroupA.TheshapeoftheinscriptionsoftheWesternZhouDynastyisbasicallysimilartothatoftheoracleboneinscriptions,exceptthatsomefontshavea"heart"undertherighteye(Figure4).Atthistime,peoplehaveaddedastandardtothemeaningoftheword"de".Thatistosay,inadditionto"beingrighteousnessandeye-rightness",itisalsonecessaryto"righteousness".Itcanbeseenthatpeoplehavehigherandhigherrequirementsforthemeaningoftheword"de".AroundtheSpringandAutumnPeriod,theupperpartofthe"straight"charactergraduallychangedintoa"cross"shape(Figure6).In"ShuowenJiezi"Xiaozhuanaddsa"guaiheng"underthe"head".Inthisway,QinShihuangfixedtheword"De"afterthe"BookwithText"inXiaozhuan.Sincethen,theregularscripthasonlyslightlyadjusteditsstrokes.

"De"isalsowrittenas"德"inthebronzeinscriptions.Somescholarsoncebelievedthat"德"isanancientwordfor"德".Infact,"德"appearedlaterthan"德",whichisavariantof"德".Asthe"straightness"ofintegrity,frankness,honesty,andnature,ithasalwaysbeenregardedasanimportantsymbolof"morality"bytheancients.Therefore,peoplesimplywritetheword"de"as"straight"andthenext"heart",whichis"de".InShuowenJiezi,XuShenclassifies"de"and"de"astwoprefixes.Hebelievesthat"de"meansgainingfromothersoutsidethebody,andgainingfromoneselfwithinthebody;"Germany"meanstoascendandascend.

Detailedexplanation

Pronunciation

Partofspeech

Interpretation

Englishtranslation

Examplesentences

Examplewords

Noun

Guidelinesandnormsforpeopletolivetogetherandbehavetogether.

virtue;integrity

"TheAnalectsofConfucius:Shuer":"Ifyoudon'tpracticemorality,youdon'tlearnit."

ZhugeLiang's"BookofCommandments":"Thejourneyofahusbandandagentleman,quiettocultivateoneself,thriftytocultivatevirtue."

Virtue;morality;morality;Socialethics;bothabilityandpoliticalintegrity;highmoralityandrespect

referstoapersonwithvirtue.

"ZhouLi·Xiaguan·Sushi":"Edictbyvirtue."

"TheAnalectsofConfuciusLiren":"Avirtueisnotalone,theremustbeneighbors."

behavior;especiallygoodCharacter.

Chunqiu·ZuoQiuming's"ZuoZhuan·ChenggongSixteenYears":"Thepeople'slivelihoodisthickandmoral."

"TheAnalectsofConfuciusZizhang":"Zixiasaid:'Greatvirtueisnotmorethanleisure,andsmallvirtuecangoinandout.'"

Gooddeeds;benevolence;benevolentgovernance.

kindness

"ShangShu·PangengShang":"PiNaidaretospeak,youhaveaccumulatedvirtue."

"TheAnalectsofConfucius:Politics":"Governmentwithvirtue,suchasBeichen,liveinitsplaceandthestarsshareit."

Governmentbyvirtue

Grace;kindness.

kindness;favor

"TheBookofSongs·Daya·Drunk":"Itisbothdrunkandfullofvirtue."

SunYi's"WenShuo·SyntaxSame":"FanJu'svirtuemustbepaidforameal,andthegrievancesofJuxumustberepaid."

Repayvirtuewithgrievances;Repaygrievanceswithvirtue

heart;affection.

"TheBookofSongs·Beifeng·Gufeng":"Ifithindersmyvirtue,Jiacannotsellit."

""TheBookofSongs·Weifeng·Meng":"Seniorsarealsoveryindifferent,twoandthreevirtues."Suchas:renunciationandmorality.

Merit;Accumulatevirtue;Concentricityandvirtue;Centrifugalvirtues

TheancientsItisbelievedthatallthingsarederivedfromthe"Tao"withspeciallawsorspecialproperties.Laterreferstotheattributesofthingsingeneral.

"Guanzi·Xinshushang":"ThehouseofvirtueandTao,andthingscanbeborn."

"Laozi":"Taobegets,morality,animal,mattershape,powerbecomesit.AllthingsdonotrespectTaoandvirtue."

Inancienttimes,itspecificallyreferredtothefunctionofheavenandearthtonurtureallthings.

"ZhouYi·QianGua":"Ahusbandandaman,combinehisvirtuewiththeheavenandtheearth,andthesunandthemoon."

"Huainanzi·TenTianXun":"Onthewintersolstice,youwillfightthenorthintherope,theYinQiisextremely,theYangQiiscute,sothewintersolsticeisvirtue."

Fu;ajoyousthing.

"BookofRites·AigongQuestions":"Confuciuswasstunnedandsaidtohim:'Thekingisinthisrespect,thevirtueofthepeopleAlso.'”

AncientFiveElementsTheory.Referstoanaturalforcethatregeneratesandsuppresseseachotherandcandominatethehumanaffairsoftheheavenswhenitisfortune.

"HistoricalRecords:TheBookoftheFirstEmperorQinShiHuang":"Thefirstemperorpushedtheendofthebiographyofthefirstfivevirtues,thinkingthatZhoudeHuoDe,QinDynastyZhouDe,Invincible.FangJinisthebeginningofwatermorality."

FiveVirtues

referstothepatternontheheadofthephoenix.

"Shanhaijing·Haineijing":"ThereareLuanbirdssingingbythemselves,andphoenixbirdsdancingbythemselves.Thephoenixbird'sfirsttextisGermany."

(Dé)referstoGermany.

German

(Dé)wordsforsurnames,pleasereferto"Germansurname"

Verb

Grateful;thankful.

"Twenty-fourYearsofZuoZhuan·XiGong":"WangDediwillhavehisdaughterasthequeen."

"ChenShu·ZhouDiBiography":"Nearwords,butfaithful.PeopleinLinchuanarevirtuous."

Grade

Givefavors.

"ZuoZhuan·TheSeventhYearofZhaogong":"Thereisnodecreeinthisearlylife,andyouwillnotbeabletoenjoyyourvirtueforalongtime."

Ethicaleducation;enlightenment.

"BookofRites·TheOrderoftheMoon":"(MengChunzhiyue)FateBuddhismandorder,celebrateandgivebenefits,andcallZhaomin.”

Climbhigh,climb.

ascend

"TheBookofChanges·PeelingGua":"Gentleman'sGermanCar."

Through"de".get.

get

"Xunzi·Jiezhe":"Themanofvirtueandmorality,thekingofchaosisnotabove,chaosDon’tyoufeelsadwhenyou’reathome!"

adjective

Itismoral.

"Mandarin·ZhouYuxia":"Ihearit,thenationalvirtueandneighborswhodonotcultivate,willbeblessed."

p>

zhí

adjective

Through"straight".Straightforward.

"ZuoZhuan·XianggongTwenty-NineYears":"Toarguewithoutvirtue,itmustbeaddedtothekilling."

Through"planting".Upright.

"BookofRites·Yuzao":"LiRongde."

(referencematerialsabove:)

InterpretationofAncientBooks

ShuoWenJieZi

[Volume2][ShuDepartment]Manyarecut(dé)

Germany,risealso.Fromthesoundof彳㥁.

[Volume10][Heart]Ifyouhavemore,youwillcut(dé)

Germanygainsfromothersoutside,andgainsfromyourselfinside.Fromstraighttoheart.

𢜖,ancientChinese.

〖Note〗①Sheng:GuiFu's"ShuowenJieziYizheng":"Gusheng,Deng,Zhi,De,andDehavethesamemeaning."

WordNote

[VolumeTwo][YuBu]

ShengYe.

Paragraphnote:Promoteaslogin.Fubusaid:Move,goup.Thisshouldbethesame.DexunDengzhe,"TheStoryofGongyang":Thepublicwatchedthefishforthedistance,andclimbedhere.HeYue:DengreadYande.Thosewhohavecome,QiRenyu.Thenameofthesamepersonisworthyofseeking.Forthosewhocomeonboard,theirwordsarebigandanxious,andtheyarealsodictatedbydictation.TangDynastyPoetry:Thousandsofwatersandthousandsofmountainsareavailable.Getthatismorality.Dengdedoubled.Thefirstpartandthesixthparthaveacloserhyme.Nowadays,itiscalledGermanybyforcetomoveforward,asistheoldsaying.

From彳,𢛳sound.

Paragraphnote:cutasmanyaspossible.One.

[Volume10][Heart]

Externally.It'salsofromoneself.

Note:ThisshouldbebasedonXiaoXu'sgeneraltheory.Obtainingfromothersexternallyandinternallyfromoneselfmeansthatthebodyandmindareself-satisfied;externallyobtainingfromothersmeansthatbenefitsmakeothersobtain.Thevulgarword叚德isit.Virtueispromoted.Ancientcharactersmaybeusedforit.

Bestraightforward.

Note:Thethreevirtuesof"HongFan":Oneisintegrity,andstraightnessalsosounds.Cutmore.One.

Guangyun

Ifyouhavemore,youwillentertheGermanside.‖ZhishengDepartment(dé)

Germany,virtue.YouHuiYe,ShengYe,FuYe.ThenameofYizhou,QinisQicounty,HanisPingyuancounty,WudechuisDezhou,andAndecountyisnamedafter.Cutmore.Nine.

Germany,ancientChinese.

KangxiDictionary

[YinJixia][彳部]DeKangxistrokes:15·Outerstrokes:12

"TangYun""Zheng"Rhyme"ismorethancut."JiYun"and"RhymeMeeting"arecutandloggedin."GuangYun":Virtuealso."JiYun":Virtueisalsotheresult."Positiverhyme":Thosewhospeakmoralityaregoodandbeautiful,upright,bright,andpureYi."EasyQianGua":Agentlemanentersmoralityandstudies."Poetry·Daya":ThepeopleholdYi,fortunatelyYiDe."Book·GaoTaoMo":Ninevirtues,broadandchestnut,softandstanding,willingandrespectful,chaoticandrespectful,disturbingandpersevering,straightandgentle,simpleandclean,strongandcongested,strongandrighteous.Also"HongFan":Threevirtues,oneisintegrity,thesecondisstrong,andthethirdissoft."ZhouLi·Diguan":Sixvirtues:knowledge,benevolence,sacredness,righteousness,neutrality,andharmony.

And"JadeChapter":De,HuiYe."Shu·Pangeng":Practicingvirtuestothepeople."PoetryXiaoya":bothfullofvirtue.

It'salsokind."RiteandMoonOrder":MengChun'smonth,fateBud,peaceorder,celebration,givingbenefits.Note:Germanisgood.

Iamgratefulforvirtue."ZuoZhuan:ThreeYearsofSuccess":WangYue:ButIammoral.Shu:Deisaddedtohim,andHeiskind,soHeenisvirtue."TheBiographyofFanYeintheLaterHanDynasty":WhenGuangwuwasweak,Yegaveabait,andtheemperor'svirtuewasneverforgotten.

Yunhuiagain:Fourseasonsofvigor."RiteandMoonOrder":AHitachispring,Shengdeisinthewoods.

Anotherposthumouslaw:Suirouthepeople,admonishbutnotprestige,insistonrighteousnessandpromotegoodness,andcallforvirtue.

And"Shuowen":ShengYe.

Another"JadeChapter":FuYe.

Alsostarname."PreviousHan·JiaoSiZhi":WangShuoyanlookedangry,andlatersawthestarfilledwithstars.YouSiJiesaid:YourMajestybuilttheHanfamilytoenshrinetheZen,andtheheavenswillrepaythevirtuesoftheNebula.Note:Dexingmeansfillinginthestar.

And"RhymeMeeting":alsomadeadying."TheBiographyoftheFormerHanJiaYi":It'stoolate.

Alsostatename."Guangyun":QinisQicounty,HanisPingyuancounty.AtthebeginningofWudewasDezhou,andYindeanCountywasnamedafter.

YeDumuqi,sounddumb.XieHuilian's"SnowFu":CaoFenguseslinentocomparecolors,andChuballadsuseYoulanLiqu.Thesurplusrulerisintheauspiciousyearoftheharvest,andtheshanzhangisintheyinandvirtue.

Theleavesarecutindifferentways,asthesoundcomesin."YiLin":Wineisajoyousuncle,togetridofworries,togetstartedwithgoodfortune,andtobewithyou,sothatIamvirtuous.

[MaoJishang][HeartDepartment]悳·Kangxistrokes:12·OutsidetheMinistryofstrokes:8

"TangYun"and"ZhengYun"aremorethancut."Jiyun"and"Yunhui"arecutandsounded."SuoWen"isobtainedfromothersontheoutside,butalsofromyourselfontheinside.Fromstraighttoheart."SixBooks":Uprightisawkward.Thephysiologyisstraightforward,andthesidewalksareawkward.Xiaozhuanplus彳,takingthelinehasthemeaningofrecovery.Longnote:"TheAnalectsofConfucius":Ifyoureportgrievancesdirectlyandgrievanceswithgrievances,thenyouknowthatgrievancesaregrievances.It'snottrue.Fashionislush,sothewordisalittleuseless.YinFuchunsaid:"Saidthetext"fromstraighttoheart.TheGermanwordisfrom彳from㥁torise.Nowadays,theword"Dao"isavirtue,whiletheword"Dao"isanancienttext.Don'tdetailtheGermancharacternote.

BookShadowsof"ShuowenJiezi"(2photos)

Bookshadowsof"ShuowenJieziZhu"(2photos)

Bookshadowsof"KangxiDictionary"(2photos)

Calligraphyglyph

Glyphcomparison

Glyphcomparison(kai-style)

WritingTips

【StrokeOrder】①ノ(Pilot)②ノ(Pilot)③丨(Vertical)④一(Horizontal)⑤ノ(Pilot)⑥丨(Vertical)⑦㇕(Horizontalfold)⑧丨(vertical)⑨丨(vertical)⑩一(horizontal)⑪一(horizontal)⑫丶(dot)⑬㇃(horizontalhook)⑭丶(dot)⑮丶(dot)

[Specifications]Theseconditalicsof"Heart"is㇃(臥門);theupperpartof"Heart"hasahorizontalline.

[Writing]❶"彳"isnarrowand"𢛳"iswide,thetop"彳"islow,andthebottomisflatontheleftandrightsides.❷"彳",thesecondandthirdstrokesareconnectedverticallybelowthehorizontalcenterline.❸"𢛳","罒"isatthehorizontalcenterline;"Heart",theleftpointisunderthe"彳",㇃(horizontalhook)startsfromtheleftsideoftheverticalcenterline,andthemiddlepointisabove㇃(horizontalhook).

Calligraphyappreciation

Sealscriptcalligraphy(5sheets)

Officialscriptcalligraphy(7sheets)

Calligraphyinregularscript(6photos)

Calligraphyinregularscript(7photos)

Cursivecalligraphy(8photos)

Phonologycollection

Ancienttone

era

Nameofthephonologicalsystem

RhymeDepartment

Consonants

Thevowel

Pre-Qin

Kobenhansystem

t

ək

WangliSystem

Position

t

ək

DongTongheSystem

t

ə̂k

ZhouFagaoSystem

Jobs

t

ək

LiFangguiSystem

t

ək

WesternHanDynasty

p>

Jobs

EasternHanDynasty

Jobs

Wei

ək

Jin

ək

NorthernandSouthernDynasties

TheEarlySongandNorthernWeiDynasty

Germany

ək

LateNorthernQiDynastyinNorthernWeiDynasty

Germany

ək

QiLiangChenBeiZhouSui

Germany

ək

SuiandTangDynasties

KobenhainSystem

t

ək

WangliSystem

t

ək

DongTongheSystem

t

ək

ZhouFagaoSystem

t

ək

LiFangguiSystem

t

ək

Referencematerials:

Rhymebookintegration

Smallrhyme

Rhymephoto

Tone

Rhyme

Rhyme

Letters

Sounds

Openandclose

Level

Clearandvoiced

Fanqie

Footnote

Guangyun

Germany

Zeng

Intothesound

Twenty-fivevirtues

login

end

Openyourmouth

one

CompleteClear

Multiplecuts

tək

Jiyun

Set

stop

Gotothesound

SevenRecords

Know

Openyourmouth

Three

FullQing

BambooOfficialCut

ȶie

Germany

Zeng

Intothesound

Twenty-fiveGermans

Login

End

Openyourmouth

One

Allclear

Thecutisdone

tək

Rhymeslightly

Intothesound

Germany

Cut

Enhancerhyme

Intothesound

Germany

Multiplecuts

Zhongyuanphonology

Germany

IntothesoundSound

Qiwei

end

Qiqihuhu

FullClear

tei

Zhongzhouphonology

Intothesoundtomakethesound

QiWei

Dangtucut

HongwuZhengyun

Germany

Intothesound

Qimo

Geng

End

Both

Allclear

Multiplecuts

tək

(Referencematerialsabove:)

DialectCollection

◎GanChinese:dek5

◎Hakkadialect:[LuFengqiang]det7[HakkaEnglishDictionary]det7[TaiwanFourCountyDialects]det7[MeiCountyDialects]det7[HailingDialects]det7[HakkaPinyinWords]ded5[Shatoujiaoqiang]diet7[BaoanDialect]det7[Dongguanaccent]det7

◎Cantonese:dak1

Ethics

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