Startupprinciple
Startupprincipleofdisklessworkstation
Thereasonwhythedisklessworkstationcanbestartedisthecooperationofhardware(workstationside)andsoftware(serverside)theresultof.Onthesoftware,itistheremotestartuprelatedservicesanddisklesssystemsoftwareontheserver;onthehardware,itistheBootROMchipontheworkstationnetworkcard.Ofcourse,formotherboardsthatarenotveryold,theirBIOSismoreidleandsupportswriting,andtheBootROMchipcodecanbewrittenintothemotherboardBIOS,savingachip.
ThemorecommonlyuseddisklessbootchipsareRPLandPXE.Thesetwoaremorecommon,andthereareotherspecialchipsdevelopedbysomemanufacturers,whicharenotverypopular.ThefollowingdiscussionwillfocusonRPLandPXE.
RPLchipscanbeusedfor10Mand100Mnetworkcards,someforNT(2000)andsomeforNetWare.Differentnetworkcardsareuseddifferentlyandneedtobematched.Sowhenitisdiskless,notanynetworkcardcandoit.10MNE2000and8029networkcards,100M8139networkcards,etc.allsupportRPLchips,anditiseasytofindthecorrespondingRPLchips.
PXEchipsaregenerallyusedfor100Mnetworkcards.The8139networkcardisthemostmatureandtypicalapplication.ItiseveneasytofindthePXEchipcodeforthe8139networkcard(usedtowritetothemotherboardorblankBOOTfilm).Nowadays,themorecommonRPL/PXEdual-bootBootROMchip,thepriceisabout6yuan.
RPLchipstartupprinciple
1.Discoverystage.Whentheclient(Client)starts,theBootROMonitsnetworkcardwillbroadcastabootrequestframetotheserver(Server),namelythe"FINDframe",whichcontainstheclient'snetworkcardnumber(MACaddress),andallserversonthenetworkWillfindthisFINDframe.
2.Offerstage.Theserverremotestartupservicereceivesthe"FINDframe"broadcastbytheclient,andcheckswhetherthereisaconfigurationrecordofthecardnumberintheremotestartupdatabaseaccordingtotheIDnumberintheframe.Ifitdoesnotexist,thebootprocesscannotcontinue;ifitexists,Theremotestartservicesendsa"FOUNDframe",whichcontainstheserver'snetworkcardID(thatis,theserver'sMACaddress),andthencallstheBootProtocol(BOOTP,BootProtocol)ortheDynamicHostConfigurationProtocol(DHCP,DynamicHostConfigurationProtocol)).
3.Chooseastage.Aftertheclientreceivesthefirstresponse(becausetheremaybemorethanoneserverrunningtheremotestartserviceinthenetwork,theclientonlyrespondstothefirst"FOUNDframe"received,including:themachinenameandIPassignedtotheclientAddress,theserver'sIPaddress,theimagefilerequiredbyBOOT,etc.),thensendaSEND.FILE.REQUESTFrametothefirstrespondingremotestartserver,requestingthetransmissionofthefilesrequiredforthestart.
4.Confirmationstage.WhentheremotestartupserverreceivestherequestoftheSEND.FILE.REQUESTFrame,itsearchesforthecorrespondingBOOTBLOCKaccordingtotheclientrecordoftheremotestartupdatabase,andtransmitsthefilerequiredfortheclientstartuptotheclient,thatis,aFILEisgiventotheworkstation.DAT.RESPONSEframe,thisframecontainstheBOOTBLOCKrequiredfortheclienttostart.
5.Start-upphase.Aftertheclientreceivesthecompletestartupfile,itstartstoexecutetheprograminthefile,turnstheexecutionpointtotheentryofthestartupblock,startstheclient,andusesanotherInternetprotocol:TrivialTransferProtocol(TFTP).ThenbootadifferentOS.
PXEchipstartupprinciple
PXEisanupgradeofRPL,whichistheabbreviationofPrebootExecutionEnvironment.Thedifferencebetweenthemis:oneisstaticroutingandtheotherisdynamicrouting.Itisnotdifficulttounderstand:RPLisbasedontheIDnumberonthenetworkcardplusotherrecordstomakearequesttotheserver,andtheserveralreadyhasthisIDdata,thematchissuccessful,theremotestart;PXEisbasedontheserver-sidereceiptThereceivedworkstationMACaddress(thatis,thenetworkcardnumber),usetheDHCPservicetoassignanIPaddresstothisMACaddress.Everytimeyourestart,thesameworkstationmayhaveadifferentIPfromthelasttimeitwasstarted,andtheaddresswillbedynamicallyassigned.ThefollowingdescribesthestartupprincipleofPXEthroughtheworkstationbootprocess:
1.Aftertheclientcomputeristurnedon,thePXEBootROMperformsaself-testbeforegainingcontrol,andthensendsoutarequestFINDframeintheformofbroadcast.
2.Iftheserverreceivestherequestsentbythepersonalcomputer,itwillsendbackaDHCPresponse,whichincludestheclient'sIPaddress,thedefaultcommunicationchannel,andthebootimagefile.Otherwise,theserverwillignorethisrequest.
3.Afterreceivingtheresponsefromtheserver,theworkstationwillrespondwithaFRAMEtorequestthetransmissionofthefilesrequiredforactivation.
4.Afterthat,therewillbemoremessagesinresponsebetweentheclientandtheservertodeterminethestartupparameters.BootPROMdownloadsthebootimagefilefromtheserverbytheTFTPcommunicationprotocol.Thisimagefileistheimagefileofthefloppydisk.
5.AftertheworkstationusestheTFTPprotocoltoreceivethestartupfile,ittransfersthecontrolrighttothestartupblock,bootstheoperatingsystem,andcompletestheremotestartup.
Windows2000terminal
WBTintroduction
WBT(WindowsBasedTerminal)isWindows2000Server/AstandardservicelaunchedbyAdvancedServer,whichallowsuserstoaccesstheserverwithaWindowsinterfaceclient,andrunapplicationsintheserver,makingusersfeellikeusingtheirowncomputer.IntheWBTnetwork,theinstallation,configuration,operationandstorageofallapplicationsoftwarearecarriedoutontheserver,andtheclient(terminal)isonlyusedasaninputandoutputdevice.Whenaterminaluserlogsintotheserver,hecanusetheresourcesontheserverasifhewereusinglocalresources,andrunWindowsapplicationsontheserver.Multipleterminaluserscanlogontotheserveratthesametimeandworkwithoutaffectingeachother.Suchanetworkisveryeasytocentrallymanage,andisverysuitablefortheconstructionoflocalareanetworksforschoolsandsmallandmedium-sizedenterprises.ThisfeatureofWBTissimilartotheearlyUNIXcharacterterminals,buttheadvantageofWBTisthatitisbasedonWindows,hasafriendlygraphicalinterfaceandtheeaseofuseofWindows.Inaddition,intheWBTnetworkenvironment,thedatatransmittedonthenetworkismainlytheinputinformationofthekeyboardandmouseandtheoutputinformationofthedisplay.Thedataprocessingisperformedontheserver,whichgreatlyreducestheamountofnetworktransmission.
Inthisplan,the386and486computersthatwereoriginallytobeeliminatedareusedasterminals,whichisconducivetothereuseofresources;atthesametime,theinstallationofsoftwareandcalculationsareperformedontheserver,andgenerallyonlyoneismaintained.Theserverissufficient,andthemanagementofsoftwareandantivirusisalsoreduced.Therefore,theuseofthissolutiongreatlyreducesthetotalcostofownershipandsavesalotofmoney.Ithasthefollowingfeatures:
1.Thecalculationandstorageareallcarriedoutintheserver.Theinstallationsoftwareonlyneedstobeinstalledontheserverandallterminalscanbeused;allterminalusers'filesarestoredindependentlyontheserver,andevenifthepowerisoff,nodatawillbecaused.Lost;
2.ComputerroommaintenancehaschangedfrommaintainingeachPCtomaintainingoneserver,andthemaintenancecostisgreatlyreduced;thetotalcostofownership(TCO)isgreatlyreduced;
3.TheWindows2000serverversionisthelatestserveroperatingsystem,withverystableperformance,andthestabilityoftheentiresystemisreliablyguaranteed;
4.ItcanmeettheneedsoftheInternet;whenusingtoday’spopularsoftware,thestand-aloneresponsespeedisfast;usingaWindowsterminalisexactlythesameasusingaPC,sothelearningexperienceontheWindowsterminalcanbeappliedto
5.Strongmanagementandcontrol:Theterminalservercanmanagetheterminal,setthesoftwarerunningontheterminal,andmonitortheterminalatanytime.
Puresoftwareterminalstartupprinciple
ThefirstpartofitsstartupprincipleisexactlythesameastheprincipleofRPLorPXEdisklessstartup,soIwon’tgointodetailshere.ThelatterpartoftheconnectionisaterminalservicebasedonWindows2000multi-userandmulti-tasking.Installthe32-bitconnectionprogramprovidedbyMicrosoftontheworkstation,orthe16-bitor32-bitprovidedbyathirdpartyinDOS,InstalltheconnectionprogramforWindows3xorWindows9xdisklessstation,andsettheconnectionproperties,andthenaddtheconnectioncommandtothebootbatchoftheDOSstationwhenstartingthedisklessstation,oraddittothestartupgroupofthedisklessWindowstomakeitAutomaticallyconnecttoWindows2000server.InstallWindowsCEontheterminalandWindows2000Professionalontheserver.Aftertheterminalisstarted,theserver-sideapplicationwillberunthroughtheRDPprotocol.TheserverwillalsodisplaytheresultsontheterminalthroughtheRDPprotocolaftertheapplicationiscalculated.
Mainstreamcomparison
Inthefaceofvariousdisklesssolutions,readersmaybeoverwhelmed.ThedifferencebetweenWBT)andMetaFrame-basedterminals(hereinafterreferredtoasMetaWBT)willbeintroducedindetail.WecollectivelyrefertostandardWBTandMetaWBTasterminals.
ThestandardWBTisthemostfamous.ItwaslaunchedbythesoftwaregiantMicrosoftandbundledwithWindows2000.ItisalsoaheavyweightproductlaunchedbyMicrosoftforembeddedproducts,andMicrosofthopestogainamonopolyintheembeddedproductmarket.
TheadvantageofstandardWBTisthatitdoesnotrequirehighterminalhardware,andonlyneedstorunWindowsCEandhandlesomesimpleI/Oactions.Thereisnoneedtomakemoretransformations,upgradesorreinvestmentsintheexistingterminal.Usuallythe586machinecanmeettherequirementswithoutaharddisk.AddaWindowsCEorPCIslottothebootromofthenetworkcardandinsertaDOSwithWindowsCE.Nootherchangesarerequiredtoprotectexistinginvestments.Disadvantages:Highrequirementsforserverhardware,becauseallterminalapplicationsrunontheserver,CPUandmemoryresourcesareconsumedquitelarge.Atthesametime,duetothelimiteddefectsofWindowsCEitself,thatis,the"clientistoothin",thesupportforvariousperipheralsisinsufficient,thecorrespondingdriverisdifficulttofind,andthemultimediaperformanceisweak.Largesoftwarerunsslower.DuetoMicrosoft'spractice,theclientislimitedtoWindowsCEdevices,andtheservermustbeaWindows2000server,whichgreatlylimitsitsapplicationscenarios.
MetaFrameislesscommoninChina,anditisrelativelyunfamiliartoeveryone.ItisdevelopedbytheAmericanCitrixcompany.Itsupports16-bitand32-bitWindowsPCs,Windowsterminals,networkcomputers,WindowsCEdevices,andawiderangeofnon-Windowsterminals,Webbrowser,etc.TheserversideisMetaFrameServer,anditsessenceistousetheMetaFrameserverprograminstalledonWindows2000Server.Theservercanusemultipleserverclusters,butamasterserver(MastermetalframeServer)mustbedesignated.Sincetheclientprogramcanworkacrossplatforms,thecompetitionwillbestrongerinthefutureASP.TheworkingmethodisalsoverysimilartothestandardWBT.Theclientmustbebooted(notnecessarilytochooseWindowsCE,otherOSs,includingDOS,UNIX,etc.),andthentheapplicationcanbeexecutedontheserverthroughtheICAprotocol,andtheservercanalsopassICAtransferstheuserinterface,includingtheresultsoftheoperation.Theservercanbelocatedattheremoteend,andthentheterminalcommunicateswiththeremoteserverthroughtheICAprotocolthroughISDN,MODENdialing,localareanetwork,orevenwirelesstransmission.ComparedwiththestandardWBT,thishasagreatadvantage,whichmeansthatASPproviderscanprovideapplicationservicesthroughtheInternet.MetaFramealsohasaveryattractivetool.Theadministratorcanremotelycontroltheclientinterface,controltheclient'skeyboard,mouseandoutputinterface.ThedisadvantagesofMetaFramearethesameasstandardWBT,andrequirehigherserverhardwareresources.Inessence,thecoretechnologyofMetaFrameandWBTistoseparatetheuserinterfaceprogramfromthelogicrunningprogram.Thelogicrunningprogramrunsontheserverside.TheuserinterfaceprogramistransmittedtotheclientthroughtheICAorRDPprotocol.Atthesametime,ICAorRDPrespondstotheuserinteraction.Information(suchaskeyboard,mouseoperation,etc.)issentbacktothelogicrunningprogramforprocessing.However,thebootstrappingoftheclientsystemmustbecompletedbytheoriginallocalOSsuchasWindowsCE,sostrictlyspeaking,itisnotaremoteboottechnology.
PXEisarealremotestarttechnology.PXEwasdevelopedbyIntel.Althoughthelaunchtimeisnotshort,thetrulyvaluableapplicationsareonlymanifestedwithinthisyear.Accordingtorecords,domesticDTKcompaniesandGreatWallComputershavesuccessfullydevelopedWindows98disklessworkstationsbasedonIntelPXEtechnology,andpromotedthemintheeducationsystem.TheworkstationhasanetworkcardwithIntelPXEbootromorIntelPXEcodeintegratedintotheBIOS.Whenaterminalisstarted,theserver'soperatingsystem(OS)willbeloadedintoitsmemory.Withthehelpoftheremotestartupsoftwareexternalaccessories,theserveroperatingsystemremotestartupservicecansupportthestudentstationtorunWindows95andWindows98.Whentheterminalstarts,thePXEcodewillretrievethestartupandconfigurationsoftwarefromtheserver.Thisprocessisremotestartup.
Differentfromterminaltechnology,PXEuseslocalresourcesandmemorytorunapplications,butitisequivalenttoreplacingtheharddiskbythenetwork,andtheserverloadisgreatlyreduced,andtheconfigurationrequirementsarerelativelyhigh.Low,whichisamajoradvantageofbeingmoreadvancedthanWBT.SincetheworkstationisrunningarealWindows98,thesupportedapplicationsoftwareisveryrich.Afteraddingtheharddisk,theworkstationbecomesastandardPC,whichcanbeusedinotheroccasions,thusprotectingthecustomer'sinvestment.Unfortunately,PXEdoesnotsupportdial-up,ISDN,etc.,soitcannotbestartedremotelythroughtheInternet,soitisnotsuitableasanASPtool.Butifusedinelectronicclassrooms,offices,hotels,Internetcafes,securitiesandotheroccasions,itisquitecompetitive.Intermsofspeed,itiscomparabletotheterminal,butintermsofmultimedia,PXEhastheadvantage.
Tosumup,thethreehavetheirownadvantages,anduserscanchoosetheappropriatetechnologyandproductsaccordingtotheirownneeds.Generallyspeaking,MetalframeismostsuitableforASPanddistanceeducation,PXEismoresuitableforlocalareanetwork,andWindowsCEisbetterforPDAandhandhelddevices.
Exceptfortheharddisk,theresourcesusedbyPXEandRPLtorunapplicationsarelocalresources.Judgingfromtheiroperatingmodes,therearemanysimilaritiesbetweenthetwo,butthekerneliscompletelydifferent.Comparefromseveralaspects:
PXE:Intel’snewsoftwareshouldbeveryadvancedintheory.Althoughtherearestillsomeproblems,itssuperiorityhasbeenfullyutilizedintheapplication.Inaddition,Intelwillcontinuetoprovidesupportinthisareaandopenthesourcecode.Ibelieveitwillbeimprovedinthefuture.
RPL:Microsoftproductsareverymature,andmanyenthusiastsaremorefamiliar,technicalinformationiseverywhere,butMicrosofthasgivenupthedevelopmentandsupportofthisproduct,therewillbenomoreupdatedproductsNS.
Runningspeed
Fromasmallnumberofmachines,PXEandRPLdonotseemtobemuchdifferent,butiftherearemoremachines,PXEwillbefaster.ThemainreasonistheadoptionofRPLNETBEUIcommunicationprotocol,ifthereisanerrorframeinthetransmissionprocess,RPLwillrequiretheentiredatapackettoberetransmitted,whilePXEusestheTCP/IP-basedMTFTP(multicasttransmission)communicationprotocol.Ifthereisanerrorframeinthetransmissionprocess,PXEwillnotInsteadofresendingtheentiredatapacket,justresendingthedataofacertainerrorthread,whichspeedsupthestartupoftheentirenetwork.Inthecaseofmoreworkstations,theprobabilityoferrorishigher,sointhiscasethedifferenceinstartupspeedisgreater.
PXEisfaster,especiallywhenrunningsomelargeapplicationsorsurfingtheInternet.ThemainreasonisthatthedefaultprotocolofPXEisTCP/IP.Inalow-profiledisklessnetwork,RPLdisklessWindows95isfaster.
Installationandmaintenance
Installationaspects
PXEinstallationisbasedonlocalupload,thatis,aslongasaworkstationwithadiskisinstalledonaworkstation,Thenbyuploadingsoftware,uploadtheentireharddisktoashareddirectoryontheserver.Theinstallationstepsarerelativelyfew,thewholeprocessisalsoverysimple,andtheinstallationsuccessrateishigh.TheinstallationprocessoftheRPLWindows95disklessstationinthetraditionalwayisverycumbersome,anditiseasytomakemistakes,andtheinstallationsuccessrateisverylow.ThecurrentRPLtechnologyabsorbsthelocaluploadmethodofPXE,makingtheinstallationmethodclosetotheinstallationofPXE,butitisnecessarytomastertwotechnologiesofRPLandPXEtoperformtheinstallation.Ofcourse,manyRPL98installationtoolsappearingatpresentbringconveniencetotheinstallationofdisklessRPLWindows98.
Maintenanceaspect
PXEandimprovedRPLareveryconvenientforfuturemaintenance.Theamountofsoftwaremaintenanceisextremelylow.Themaintenancerequiredisonlytoupgradetheapplicationsoftwareanddeleteuselessclientfiles.Iftheapplicationprogramisnotusedforaperiodoftime,andtheharddiskhasadiskquota,thenzerosoftwaremaintenancecanbedoneduringthisperiod,whichcanbesaidtobealiberationforthecomputerroommanager.ThetraditionalRPLnetworkhasahugeamountofmaintenance,andtheclientcanlightlydestroythesystem.Althoughitcanberestrictedbyvariousmeans,itcannotbesolvedfundamentally,andtheWindowsinterfaceiscompletelyunrecognizableduetotheexistenceofvariousrestrictions.
Hardwarecompatibility
PXEsoftwarecansupportmostnetworkcardsandmotherboards,butthePXEbootchipsupportsnotmanynetworkcards.ThemotherboardBIOSrequiresAWORD,othersTheBIOSversionisincompatible,whichiscurrentlyanimportantfactorrestrictingthedevelopmentofPXE.RPL'shardwarecompatibilityisverygood.Almostallnetworkcardsandmotherboardscansupportit.
Disklessadvantages
Theoriginalintentionofdisklessnetworksistoreducethecostofworkstations,butmainlyfortheconvenienceofmanagementandmaintenance.Justimagine,ifyouputtheoperatingsystemfilesandsoftwarefilesusedbytheworkstationontheserver,themanagementandmaintenanceofthesystemarealldoneontheserver,andthesoftwareupgradeonlyneedstobeconfiguredonce,andallcomputersinthenetworkcanbeused.Newsoftware,thisisindeedaboonfornetworkadministrators.Butinfact,thesituationisnotthatsimple.ThetraditionaldisklessWindow95thatMicrosoftinitiallylaunchedhasalreadymadepeopleloseconfidenceinthe"disklessnetwork."Thetraditionaldisklessnetworksystemisunstable,thesoftwarerunsabnormally,andevenmanysoftwarecannotrun.Thesemakethedisklesstechnologyalmostcometoanend.ItisatthistimethatthedisklessWindows98andWindows2000terminalnetworksystemscameintobeing.
Listtheadvantagesasfollows:
1.Savefunds.Noharddiskisusedforeachworkstation,savingalotofmoney.
2.Easytomanage.Theworkstationautomaticallyrestoresin10seconds.Becausethereisnoharddisk,itisnotafraidofarbitraryshutdownorman-madedamage.
3.highspeed.EnterWindows98in12seconds,whichisunimaginablewithadisk.Theserverusesahigh-speeddiskarray,pluslargememory,largecache,andhigh-speedCPU,sotheresponsespeedisextremelyhigh,andtheperformanceofordinaryworkstationsisgreatlyimproved.
4.Richcontent.Eachworkstationshares240Gormoreprograms,whichis6timesmorethanadisk.Morethan2,000MP3s,morethan1,000episodesofmovies,and1,000gamesareenoughtomakeeverynetizenreluctanttothinkaboutit,andInternetcafeshavealotofmoney.
5.Securityisgood.Theuniquesuperprotectionfunctionisenoughtodwarftheworkstationswithdisks.Theyarenotafraidofmaliciousattacksanddamages,andrealizeunattendedandzeromaintenance.Youdon'thavetorushGhostharddrivesallday.
6.Thegameupgradesquickly.Upgradingaservergameisequivalenttoupgradingagameofhundredsofworkstationsatthesametime.
7.Installationisquickandeasy.Theoriginalnetworkisintact,anditonlytakesabout3hourstochange100unitstodiskless.
Disadvantageofdiskless
Theentirediskisparalyzed
Whenyouhaveonlyonedisklessserver,andthisserverfails,theentirenetworkdependsonthisTheoperationoftheserverwillbeparalyzedandunabletooperate.Therefore,peoplecanonlythinkofonemoreway,whichistospareonemoreserverasadiversion.Whenoneisbroken,thediversionwillbethetopone.
Onlyinthiswaycantheoperatingspeedofthedisklessworkstationsinthedisklessnetworkbeguaranteed,anditwillplayaroleinthediversion.
Developmenthistory
TheearliestuseddisklessnetworkshouldbeUNIXcharacterterminals.Disklessnetworkisabroaddefinition,whichmeansthatthereisnosoftharddiskontheclientcomputer.Itiscalledadisklessnetwork.
1994to1996
From1994to1996,thevastmajorityofdisklessnetworkinfrastructureusedNovellNetware3.11orNovellNetware3.12Astheoperatingplatformoftheserver,theworkstationisloggedinbyIPX.Atthattime,wecalledittheIPXdisklessnetwork,whichwasmainlyusedforteachingnetworks,andtheapplicationwasmainlybasedonDOS.
1996to1999
From1996to1999,disklessnetworksloggedinbyRPLaccountedforthevastmajority,andNovellcanbeselectedontheserversideNetware4.1orWindowsNT4.0Server.Duringthisperiod,duetothestrongsupportofMicrosoft,initsWindows95productseries,thenetworkversionofWindows95,theso-calledfullversion,waslaunched,whichincludedthenetworkinstallationcommandNetsetup,andlaterInthepastfewyears,RPLhasalmostbecomesynonymouswithdisklessnetworking.In1998,MicrosoftlaunchedWindows98.Notlongafter,Windows98secondeditionwaslaunched.ItskernelhasbeengreatlychangedcomparedwithWindows95,anditismorecloselyconnectedwiththeInternetandhasfunctions.Theenhancement,unfortunately,Windows98nolongerprovidestheNetsetupcommand,whichmeansthatWindows98cannotbeinstalledondisklessstations.Despitethecontinuouseffortsofmanyenthusiasts,98isstillnotpossiblewithoutdisks.Duringtheperiod,somepeopleclaimedtosuccessfullyinstalldisklessWindows.98.Infact,Windows95isjustaredesign.ItskernelisstillWindows95.Wecallitpseudo-Windows98.
2000topresent
Formorethanayearsince2000,duetotheentryoflargecompaniessuchasIntel,3COM,andQUALSTEM,therehasbeennodiskTechnologyhasdevelopedrapidly,andalargenumberofhigh-qualitydisklesssupportsoftwarecontinuestoappear,suchasIntelPXEPDK,3COMDABS,3COMvirtualharddiskandQUALSTEM'sLitenet.Correspondingdisklesssolutionsarealsoemerginginanendlessstream,whichisdizzying.TheinabilitytorunWindows98ondisklessstationshasbecomeathingofthepast.ThenewdisklessbootmechanismhasbeenusedinRPLinturn,makingitpossibletorunWindows98onRPLworkstations..Atthesametime,Microsofthasincorporatedterminaltechnologyasastandardcomponentinitsepoch-makingproductWindows2000,plusthesupportofthethird-partysoftwareMateframefortheterminal,sothatitcanconnecttoWindows2000ServerunderdisklessDOSordisklessWindows3xtoformaso-calledso-calledThepuresoftwareWindows2000terminal.Therearecurrentlythreemainstreamsindisklesstechnology:RPLdisklessWindows98,PXEdisklessWindows98systemandpuresoftwareWindows2000terminal.Itcanbeseenthatusershavemorechoicesindisklessnetworking,andtheapplicationfieldofdisklesstechnologyiswider.Almostallsoftwarethatcanrunondisklessstationscanrunondisklessstations.
DevelopmentofdisklessworkstationsinChina
AfterenteringChinainthe98era,disklessworkstationshavebeenwelldeveloped.Initially,China’sthreelargestdisklessproducts(RuiqiBXP,NetcomNXP,SpringMZD)alldevelopedinthatera.Inthepasttenyears,China'sdisklessdevelopmenthasbeenveryrapid.Fromthebeginning,onlysmallnetworkswereusedinthe10M,100Mera,andfewdevelopmentcompanies.,Untilnowlarge-scaledisklessapplications,manydevelopmentcompanies.ThedevelopmentmomentumofdisklessinChinacanbeseen,especiallyintheerawhengigabitiseverywhere,ithascreatedagooddevelopmentenvironmentfordisklessworkstations.
After2010,thespeedofChina'sdisklessdevelopmenthasincreasedexponentially.MajorInternetcompanieshaveseenthefutureofdisklessandlaunchedtheirowndisklessproductsoneafteranother.
In2011,manyInternetcafesinChinastartedthedeploymentof10Gigabitdiskless,makingthenetworknolongerabottleneckunderthepowerfulconfigurationofservers.Moreover,thepriceofmemorycabbageandSSDharddiskshavealsobeenreduced.,Whetheritisintermsofuserexperienceoroperatingcosts,disklessisundoubtedlyabetterchoice.