American Psychological Association

Kehityshistoria

TheAmericanPsychologicalAssociationwasestablishedatClarkUniversityinMassachusettsinJuly1892.StanleyHallwasitsfounderandthefirstPresident.TheAmericanPsychologicalAssociationisanorganizationthatrepresentstheAmericanpsychologyprofessionandthescientificdevelopmentofpsychology.Itsmissionistopromotethedevelopmentofpsychologyasascience,aprofession,asameanstopromotehealth,education,andtheprosperityofmankind.TheAmericanPsychologicalAssociationencouragesallbranchesofpsychologytodevelopinthebroadestandmostfreemanner,advocatestheimprovementofpsychologyresearchandresearchmethodsandconditions,improvesthequalificationsofpsychologists,andformulatesandmaintainstheprofessionsthatenablethemembersofthesocietytoreachthehigheststandards.Ethicsandconduct,andincreaseandpromotepsychologyknowledgethroughmeetings,discussions,reports,anddistributionmaterials.

Edellinen puheenjohtaja

• 2003 PhilipG.Zimbardo (PhilipG.Zimbardo)

• 1998 MartinEPSeligman

• In1989JosephDominicMatarazzo(JosephDominicMatarazzo)

• 1980 Firenze, Tanska

• 1974 AlbertBandura (AlbertBandura)

• George A. Millerin 1969

• Abraham Maslow vuonna 1968

• Vuonna 1965, JeromeBruner (JeromeBruner)

• Vuonna 1959, WolfgangKeller (W. Kohler)

• JoyPaulGuilford vuonna 1950

• Ernestin1949·ErnestR.Hilgard

• 1947 Carl R. Rogers

• 1939 GordonWillardAllport (GordonWillardAllport)

• 1937 EdwardChaceTolman (EdwardChaceTolman)

• 1924GranvilleStanleyHall (GranvilleStanleyHall)

• 1915 JohnBroadusWatson (JohnBroadusWatson)

• EdwardLeeThorndike vuonna 1912

• WilliamJamesin 1904

• JohnDewey vuonna 1899

• Münsterbergin 1898

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• G. Fullertonin 1896

• JamesMcKeanCarterin1895 (JamesMcKeenCattell)

• 1894 WilliamJames (WilliamJames)

• 1893G.Ladd

• StanleyHall (GranvilleStanleyHall) vuonna 1892

Yhdistyksen kehittäminen

InInthepast110years,theAmericanPsychologicalAssociationhasundergonemanyreformsandchanges.Forexample,itchangedtheearlyrequirementsformembersfrom"aslongastheyareengagedinanyworkthatcanimprovepsychology"totoday'srequirementtoobtainadoctorateinpsychologyorrelateddisciplines.

TheAmericanPsychologicalAssociationhasgonethroughseveralstagesinthedevelopmentprocess:

Ensimmäinen vaihe

Continuouslystandardizeitsrequirementsforrecruitingmembers.Thestandardforrecruitingmembersdidnotbasicallyreachthecurrentscaleuntilafter1920.

Nämä toinen vaihe

Continuouslyimprovetheacademicstatusofthesociety.In1925,theAmericanPsychologicalAssociationacquiredsomestablepsychologypublications,suchas"PsychologicalLetters","PsychologicalReview","PsychologicalIndicators",etc.,therebystrengtheningthesociety'sstablepositioninthepsychologycommunity.

Kolmas vaihe

Graduallyevolvedintoanorganizationbasedonappliedpsychology,graduallyregulatingthestandardsofpsychologyatalllevels.

BeforetheoutbreakoftheSecondWorldWar,someclinicalappliedpsychologistsweredissatisfiedwiththeAmericanPsychologicalAssociation.Theyfeltthatthissocietyunderestimatedappliedpsychology,sotheywereindependentfromtheAmericanPsychologicalAssociationandestablishedtheAmericanApplicationAssociationofPsychologicalSocieties.

AftertheSecondWorldWar,theAmericanPsychologicalAssociationchangeditsfocusandincreaseditsrecognitionofthebranchofclinicalappliedpsychologyinordertomeetthemassivedemandforclinicalpsychologytalentsintheUnitedStates.TheU.S.governmentprovidedlargesumsoffundingtouniversitiestotrainclinicalpsychologytalentsinordertomeettheneedsinthisregard,whichhassincechangedthefocusoftheAmericanPsychologicalAssociation.Ithasgraduallyevolvedfromanorganizationfocusingonpsychologicaltheoryandresearchwhenitwasestablishedtoanorganizationfocusingonappliedpsychology.ThebranchstructureoftheAmericanPsychologicalAssociationwasalsoformedaftertheSecondWorldWar.TheAmericanPsychologicalAssociationhas54branches,eachofwhichisarepresentativebranchofpsychologyaftercarefuldivision(seetheattachedtable).

Afterthe1950s,someresearchersintheAmericanPsychologicalAssociationgraduallyfeltthatthesocietynolongerrepresentstheinterestsofscienceandexperimentalpsychology,andsplitfromtheAmericanPsychologicalAssociationandestablishedtheAmericanPsychologicalAssociationseparately.Association(AssociationforPsychologicalScience,formerlyknownasAmericanPsychologicalSociety,abbreviatedasAPS).

TheAmericanPsychologicalAssociationhasestablishedtheAmericanProfessionalPsychologyExaminerCommittee,whichsetstheregulationsforprofessionallicensesandisresponsibleforadministeringvariousexaminations.Inaddition,thesocietyhasbecomethefilinginstitutionfortheDoctorofClinicalPsychology,theDoctorofSchoolPsychology,andtheDoctorofPsychologicalCounselorProgram.

Neljäs vaihe

Forthenationalpolicyservice,widelydisseminatepsychologicalknowledgeandinformation.Since1970,theAmericanPsychologicalAssociationhasgraduallypaidattentiontovariouspublicpolicyissuesrelatedtopsychologyintheUnitedStates.Forthisreason,theOfficeofAPANationalPolicyStudieswasestablishedin1979toparticipateinvariousU.S.governmentThedepartmentstudiesandformulatespublicpoliciesonpsychology.After1980,theAmericanPsychologicalAssociationspentalotoftimeandresourcesonthedisseminationofpsychologicalknowledgeandinformation.Duringthisperiod,PsycINFOwasestablished.PsycINFOistheelectronicabstractdatabaseoftheAmericanPsychologicalAssociation,includingmagazinearticles,books,bookchapters,reports,andpapers.TheAmericanPsychologicalAssociationistheorganizationthatpublishesthemostpsychologybooksandmagazinesintheworld."AmericanPsychologist"isitsofficialpublication.

Yhdistysjärjestelmä

Jäsenyys on jaettu kolmeen tasoon:

(1) Epäviralliset jäsenet, pääasiassa ne, joilla on damasterin tutkinto;

(2)Jäsenillä on oltava tohtorin tutkinto;

(3) Vanhemmat jäsenet,tohtorin tutkinnon lisäksi,vähintään 5 vuoden työkokemus.

Ryhmän jäsenyys

TheAmericanPsychologicalAssociationhadonly31membersatthebeginningofitsestablishment.ItdevelopedrapidlyafterWorldWarII.By2002,ithadmorethan155,000members.

TherearefourtypesofmembersoftheAmericanPsychologicalAssociation.:

Osuuskunnan jäsenet

Osuuskunnan jäsenetarerequiredtoobtainpsychologyorrelatedMaster'sdegreeinsubject.

Opiskelijajäsenyys

Anyundergraduateormaster'sdoctoralstudentinpsychologycanapplyforstudentmembership.

Opettajan jäsenyys

Kuka tahansa psykologian opettaja voi hakea opettajajäsenyyttä.

Kansainvälinen jäsenyys

OtherpsychologistswhodonotliveintheUnitedStatesorCanadacanapplyforinternationalmembershipoftheAmericanPsychologicalAssociation.

Ammattimaiset luvut

Asof1996,therewere53professionalchapters,includingtheGeneralPsychologyAssociation,thePsychologyTeachingAssociation,theExperimentalPsychologyAssociation,thePhysiologyandComparativePsychologyAssociation,andtheDevelopmentalPsychologyAssociation.7Regionalchapters:EasternPsychologicalAssociation(1930),MidwesternPsychologicalAssociation(1938),NewEnglandPsychologicalAssociation(1963),SoutheasternPsychologicalAssociation(1955),WesternPsychologicalAssociation(1938),SouthwesternPsychologicalAssociation(1954),LosAngelesPsychologicalSociety(1930).Therearealso53localchapters.AnacademicannualmeetingisheldinAugustandSeptembereachyearforacademicexchangesandthegeneralelectionofthechairmanofthesociety.

Thereare54professionalchaptersoftheAmericanPsychologicalAssociation:

1. Societyfor General Psychology

2.SocietyfortheTeachingofPsychologySocietyforExperimentalPsychologyandCognitiveScience

4.No4thsession,seenoote1

5.QuantitativeandQualitativeMethodsAssociationforQuantitativeandQualitativeMethods

6.SocietyforBehavioralNeuroscienceandComparativePsychologyAssociationforBehavioralNeuroscienceandComparativePsychology

7.DevelopmentalPsychologyAssociationforDevelopmentalPsychology

8. SocietyforPersonalityandSocialPsychology

9.SocietyforthePsychologicalStudyofSocialIssues(SPSSI)SocietyforthePsychologicalStudyofSocialIssues(SPSSI)

10.SocietyforthePsychologyofAesthetics,CreativityandtheArts

11.No11thsession,seenote2

12.SocietyofClinicalPsychologyAssociationofClinicalPsychology

13.SocietyofConsultingPsychologyPsychologicalCounselingAssociation

14.SocietyforIndustrialandOrganizationalPsychologyAssociationforIndustrialandOrganizationalPsychology

15.EducationalPsychologyAssociationofEducationalPsychology

16.SchoolPsychology AssociationofSchoolPsychology

17.SocietyofCounselingPsychologyAssociationofCounselingPsychology

18.PsychologistsinPublicServicePsychologistPublicServiceAssociation

19. Societyfor MilitaryPsychology

20.AdultDevelopmentand Aging Association

21.AppliedExperimentalandEngineeringPsychologyAssociationforAppliedExperimentalandEngineeringPsychology

22.RehabilitationPsychologyAssociationforRehabilitationPsychology

23.SocietyforConsumerPsychologyAssociationforConsumerPsychology

24.SocietyforTheoreticalandPhilosophicalPsychologyAssociationforTheoreticalandPhilosophicalPsychology

25. BehaviorAnalysisAssociationfor BehaviorAnalysis

26.SocietyfortheHistoryofPsychologyAssociationfortheHistoryofPsychology

27.SocietyforCommunityResearchandAction:DivisionofCommunityPsychology:DivisionofCommunityPsychology

28. Psykofarmakologia ja aineiden väärinkäyttö

29. Psykoterapian edistämisyhdistys

30.SocietyofPsychologicalHypnosisPsychologicalHypnosis

31.State,Provincial,andTerritorialPsychologicalAssociationAffairsNational,ProvincialandRegionalAffairsPsychologicalAssociation

32. Humanistisen psykologian yhteiskunta

33.IntellectualandDevelopmentalDisabilities/AutismSpectrumDisordersAutismSpectrumDisorderAssociation

34.SocietyforEnvironmental,PopulationandConservationPsychology

35. Naispsykologian yhteiskunta

36.SocietyforthePsychologyofReligionandSpiritualityAssociationforReligiousandSpiritualPsychology

37.SocietyforChildandFamilyPolicyandPracticeAssociationforChildandFamilyPolicyandPractice

38.SocietyforHealthPsychologyAssociationforHealthPsychology

39.PsykoanalyysiPsykoanalyysiAssociation

40.SocietyforClinicalNeuropsychologyClinicalNeuropsychologyAssociation

41.AmericanPsychology-LawSocietyAmericanPsychology-LawSociety

42.PsykologitIndependent Practice

43.SocietyforCoupleandFamilyPsychologyAssociationforCoupleandFamilyPsychology

44. Lesbo-, homo-, biseksuaali- ja transsukupuolisten asioiden psykologisen tutkimuksen yhteiskunta

45.SocietyforthePsychologicalStudyofCulture,EthnicityandRaceCulture,RaceandEthnicPsychologyResearchAssociation

46. ​​Society for MediaPsychologyand Technology

47.SocietyforSport,ExerciseandPerformancePsychology

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48.SocietyfortheStudyofPeace,Conflict,andViolence:PeacePsychologyDivisionPeace,ConflictandViolentBehaviorResearchAssociation:PeacePsychologyBranch

49SocietyofGroupPsychologyandGroupPsychotherapy

50.SocietyofAddictionPsychologyAddictionPsychologySocietyforthePsychologicalStudyofMenandMasculinity

52. Kansainvälinen psykologia

53.SocietyofClinicalChildandAdolescentPsychologyClinicalChildandAdolescentPsychology

54.SocietyofPediatricPsychologyPediatricPsychologyAssociation

55.AmericanSocietyfortheAdvancementofPharmacotherapy

56. TraumaPsychology Association of TraumaPsychology

Huomautuksia:

1.Thereisno4thbranchbecauseitwasoriginallyplannedasthe4thbranchin1945.ThePsychometricSocietyrefusedtojoinAPA.

2.Thereisno11thchapter,becausein1946the11thchapter:AbnormalPsychologyandPsychotherapywasmergedintothe12thchapter:SocietyofClinicalPsychology).

Asetapawards

Inordertorecognizepsychologistswhohavemadecontributionstopsychology,variouspsychologicalscienceawardsaresetup,whichareselectedonceayear.

TheOutstandingContributionAwardforPsychologicalScience

Perustettu vuonna 1956, se palkitsee niitä, jotka ovat antaneet merkittävän panoksen psykologian kehittämiseen.Joka vuosi valitaan kolme henkilöä ja palkintona 1 000 dollaria ja todistus.

OutstandingContributionAwardfortheApplicationofPsychology

Establishedin1973,itisawardedtothosewhohavemadeoutstandingprogressorthemostexperienceinunderstandingorsolvingmajorpracticalproblems.Aprizeof1,000USdollarsandacertificate.

OutstandingContributionAwardinOccupationalPsychology

Recognizememberswhohavemadecontributionsinthefieldsofknowledge,publicandprofessionalpractice.

OutstandingContributionAwardforthePopularizationofPsychology

Torewardthosewhohavemadecontributionsinpopularizingpsychologyknowledgeandsolvingdifficultsocialproblems,withaprizeof1,000USdollarsandacertificate.

Erinomaisen panoksen palkinto nuorille psykologeille

Establishedin1974torewardyoungpsychologistswhohavemadecontributionstopsychologyresearchanddevelopment,andaward500bonusesDollarsandawards.Somewell-knownpsychologistsestablishedtheAmericanPsychologicalAssociation(APS)in1988becausetheyweredissatisfiedwiththetendencyoflearningtoemphasizeapplicationratherthanbasics.Published15publicationsincluding"PsychologicalDigest","PsychologicalReview","AmericanPsychologist","JournalofExperimentalPsychology","PsychologicalBulletin","JournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology",and"Psychology——Professioninthe21stCentury:ScientificProblemSolverandotherworks.

Avustukset

Inthehistoryofthedevelopmentofmodernpsychology,theAmericanpsychologycommunityhasmadegreatcontributionstothedevelopmentanddevelopmentofworldpsychology.Sincethemid-19thcentury,theUnitedStatesinheritedthetheoriesandresearchofvariousschoolsofEuropeanpsychology,andgraduallyevolvedpsychologytoscientific,professionalandappliedpsychologyintheUnitedStates.

Americanpsychologywilldefinepsychologyasthestudyofthoughtandbehavior.Thisdisciplineincludesthelearningofallaspectsofhumanexperienceandexperience,fromthefunctionofthebraintothebehaviorofthecountry,fromthebirthandgrowthofbabiestotheprocessofgettingold.Psychologyexistsineveryenvironmentandpositionwecanimagine.TheAmericanPsychologicalAssociationbelievesthatpsychologistsshouldtakeunderstandingofhumanbehaviorasthecoreoftheirworkandresearch,andworkinthisdirection.

TheannualmeetingoftheAmericanPsychologicalAssociationisoneofthemajorannualconferencesinthepsychologyfield,withanaverageof10,000to20,000scholars,experts,researchersandstudentsfromallovertheworldparticipatinginthedevelopmentofthedisciplineofpsychology.Talk,discussandresearch,andpushittoanewclimax.

Kirjakokoelma

1.PsycBOOKSKirjakokoelmaPsycBOOKSisanelectronicfull-textdatabaseoftheAmericanPsychologicalAssociation(APA)seriesofhigh-levelbooksandchapters.ThedatabaseisupdatedeverymonthwiththeclassicbookinformationofAPSandotherpublishers.FulltextPDFfilesof1,682academicbooksand25,899chapterbooks,767bookspublishedbyAPA,includingthefulltextof100booksoutofprintfrom1950to2002,and915classicresourcesofpsychology.

2,PsycCRITIQUESbookreviewcollection,mainlyincludingreviewsofthelatestbooks.Thedatabaseincludesavarietyofimportantresources:alargenumberofupdateddocumentshelpacademicstafftofindforteaching.Alargenumberofupdateddocumentshelplibrarianstocollectdocuments.Studentscanusethedatabaseforscientificresearch.CanprovidethelatestpracticalguidePsycCRITIQUESincludesAsearchabledatabaseofweeklyreviewsofbooksandmovies;thefulltextofnewbooks,popularmovies,videosandsoftwarereviews,aswellascomparativereviewsofbooks,thelatestcopyrightyearreviewsreleasedweekly;PsycCRITIQUESincludesmorethan38,000entriesSearchablebookreviews,datingbackto1956,andincludingnewreviewentrieseveryweek.Morethan900reviewsarepublishedeveryyear.

3.PsycEXTRAgrayliteraturedatabasePsycEXTRAisagrayliteraturedatabaseandapartnerdatabaseofPsycINFO.Itsmaincontentiswrittenbyexpertsandcomesfrompeer-reviewedjournals.PsycEXTRArecordsincludeabstracts,citations,andlinkstothefulltext,whicharenotduplicatedwithPsycINFO.Morethan150,000records,70%havefulltextwith30,000+newrecordsaddedeveryyear

4.PsycINFOabstractdatabasePsycINFOisapsychologyabstractdatabasefromthe19thcenturytothepresent.Asanimportantresearchtoolforpsychologicalresearchers,PsycINFOpresentsawealthofdataandinformationinaconcisesearchmode,whichcanbeusedasaconvenientandfastdocumentsourceforresearchers.PsycINFOincludesbibliography,abstracts,citationsanddescriptiveinformation,whichcanhelpusersfindtheinformationtheyneedconvenientlyandquicklyfromalargenumberofbehavioralandsociologicalliterature.

5.PsycARTICLESsisältää56 päiväkirjaa